DETECTION OF PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENT IN FLOWERS OF VIOLA ODORATA BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY

Objective: Viola odorata has a characteristic as antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant, antiasthmatic, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, and antipyretic agents. The aim of this study was detected about bioactive compounds in the methanolic extract of V. odorata. Methods: The methanolic extract was analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the identification of different compounds.Results: The current study investigated about phytochemicals in flowers of V. odorata. GC-MS analysis of the methanol extract of flowers showed 84 compounds. The highest concentration was for components which include ethanol, 2-(9,12-octadecadienyl oxy) -, (Z,Z)-; pentadecanoic acid; 1-pentacosanol; 1-pentacosanol; 2-furan carboxaldehyde, 5-(hydroxymethyl)-; 1,2 benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisooctyl ester; and docosane, 11-butyl- and gamma-sitosterol. The peak area and retention time for each components, respectively, were (15.709, 25.51%), (14.015, 19.51%), (29.914, 4.69%), (27.292, 3.95%), (5.707, 4.05%), (20.357, 3.91%), (18.289, 2.48%), and (30.431, 2.37%). While the others components ranged the peak area from 2.03% to 0.05%.Conclusions: These results indicate that the flowers of V. odorata contain the numerous components which have medical importance and this study was one of the first studies to detect phytochemicals in V. odorata

Algae personification toxicity by GC–MASS and treatment by using material potassium permanganate in exposed basin

AbstractThis study was conducted to address algal toxins using potassium permanganate through the control of biomass growth of algae under following conditions value 25±1 °C illumination intensity value 245microeinstein/m2/s, using the culture media Chu-10 Modified for the purpose of development algae. We treated algal toxins belonging to groups of Neurotoxins, Hepatotoxins, Pyriproxyfen, Emodin, Brevetoxins-10 (A) and Cytotoxins using concentrations of potassium permanganate represented by 2, 4, 8 and 16mg/l with alum concentration for each concentration of 30mg/l, as the removal rate reached to 100% of the toxin blooms in concentrations of 8 and 16mg/l respectively, through the examination of algal toxins mediated by GC–MASS compared to the standard, which diagnosed a range of algal toxins with C2H3C12NO formulas of synthetic C9H13NO2, C18H27NO3, C11H12N2O6, C11H17N3O, C10H17N3O, C9H15Br2NO, CH4N2O2, C11H17NO2, C13H9BrN2O3, C3H7NO4S, C20H29NO3, C15H10O5, C4H8O2 and C2H2Cl3NO the concentrations 2 and 4mg/l turned toxic compounds into non-toxic compounds represented by C7H6O2, C5H6N2O, C12H11ClO4, C6H6O2, C12H10O4, C10H17N, C4H6O2 and C5H6N2O. The results showed reduced primary productivity of algae chlorophyll a result of substance to stop chloroplast for vital activity through the influence of the concentration of potassium permanganate values 0.571, 1.142, 0.583 and 1.713mg/l respectively, compared to the standard of 114.2mg/l. As diagnosed types of Algae producing toxins are represented by Microcystis aeruginosa, Microcystis flosaquae, Oscillatoria amoena, Oscillatoria amphibian, Oscillatoria boryana, Oscillatoria limnetica, Oscillatoria perornata, Phormidium ambiguum, Lyngbya digueti, Lyngbya major, Lyngbya nordgaadii, Lyngbya spirulinoides, Nostoc carneum, Nostoc spongiforme, Anabaena augstumalis, Chroococcus indicus and Chroococcus minor, as the dry weight of live Algae producing toxins is 17.342g/l