Convergence of time - stepping schemes for passıie and extended linear complementarity systems

Generalizing recent results in [M. K. Camlibel, Complementarity Methods in the Analysis of Piecewise Linear Dynamical Systems, Ph.D. thesis, Center for Economic Research, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands, 2001], [M. K. Camlibel, W. P. M. H. Heemels, and J. M. Schumacher, IEEE Trans. Circuits Systems I: Fund. Theory Appl., 49 (2002), pp. 349-357], and [J.-S. Pang and D. Stewart, Math. Program. Ser. A, 113 (2008), pp. 345-424], this paper provides an in-depth analysis of time-stepping methods for solving initial-value and boundary-value, non-Lipschitz linear complementarity systems (LCSs) under passivity and broader assumptions. The novelty of the methods and their analysis lies in the use of "least-norm solutions" in the discrete-time linear complementarity subproblems arising from the numerical scheme; these subproblems are not necessarily monotone and are not guaranteed to have convex solution sets. Among the principal results, it is shown that, using such least-norm solutions of the discrete-time subproblems, an implicit Euler scheme is convergent for passive initial-value LCSs; generalizations under a strict copositivity assumption and for boundary-value LCSs are also established

A defense of the relational account of morality

In this essay I shall defend the thesis that morality is an intrinsically relational normative domain constituted by relational claims and corresponding directed duties. On the relational approach to morality, moral considerations are requirements on one's agency that are grounded in the claims that particular others have against the agent. My central thesis is that all moral obligations are directed duties: an agent A has a moral obligation to do X if and only if A owes a duty to some patient B to do X. Moral wrongs, it follows, always wrong someone.Includes bibliographical references

ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF THE FLAVONOIDAL CONSTITUENTS AS-1 AND AS-2 ISOLATED FROM FLOWERS OF STRYCHNOS POTATORUM (LINN)

Compounds AS-1 and AS-2 obtained from ethyl acetate and methanol soluble part of the concentrated ethanolic extract of flowers of Strychnos potatorum (Linn) were found to possess encouraging antibacterial and antifungal activities. KEY WORDS Strychnos potatorum Linn, flavonoidal constituents, antibacterial and antifungal activities

Effectiveness of CSR Initiatives of Indian Railways during the Pandemic Period: Impact on Human Resources

Introduction; This study examines the efficacy of Indian Railways\u27 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs during the COVID-19 crisis, with particular emphasis on workforce welfare and community engagement. Method; Employing a mixed-methods research design combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, the investigation analyzes how strategic CSR interventions influenced employee well-being and social impact. The research reveals that targeted initiatives—including emergency medical support systems, large-scale food security programs, and comprehensive staff assistance measures—yielded substantial benefits. These efforts not only stabilized workforce morale during peak pandemic periods but also strengthened institutional credibility among served communities. Result; The findings demonstrate how public sector enterprises can leverage CSR frameworks to address simultaneous operational and humanitarian challenges during systemic crises. Conclusion; This case study offers valuable insights for organizational leaders and policymakers developing crisis-responsive CSR strategies in large-scale transportation systems, highlighting the dual importance of internal workforce support and external community engagement during emergencies

Strategic Assessment of ESG and CSR Attitudes on Human Resource Performance

Introduction: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and sustainability have significantly reshaped the fields of finance and accounting, steering the movement toward sustainable finance embraced by institutional investors and individual stakeholders who prioritize strong environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices. Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the connection between ESG performance and financial outcomes, specifically examining how a firm\u27s CSR orientation influences this relationship. Companies are increasingly facing expectations from stakeholders to act responsibly towards society and the environment, making ESG performance substantially important.Method: The study utilized a Kaggle dataset, analyzing ESG and financial metrics from 1,000 global firms across nine industries and seven regions, covering the period from 2015 to 2025. It employed advanced statistical methods, including regression frameworks and a novel multi-level analytical approach, to identify patterns and account for industry-specific dynamics.Result: The research found a generally positive association between ESG scores and CSR performance, though this relationship exhibits considerable variability depending on specific ESG components and industry contexts.Conclusion: This study reinforces the increasing importance of ESG practices in influencing CSR performance and meeting stakeholder expectations. It provides valuable insights for practitioners and researchers by highlighting the central role of the environmental dimension of ESG, the varying impacts across industries, and the influence of methodological choices on observed relationships

HR Aspects of Corporate Social Responsibility: A Comprehensive Review

Introduction: The paper emphasizes the growing significance of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the business world, particularly how it intersects with Human Resources (HR) practices. It highlights the necessity for organizations to align their CSR initiatives with HR functions to achieve better outcomes. Objective: The review explores how CSR initiatives influence various HR functions, including employee engagement, recruitment, training and development, and overall employee well-being. This indicates that CSR is not just a peripheral concern but is integral to HR strategies. The research synthesizes and analyzes relevant literature on the topic, providing insights into the relationship between CSR and HR. This comprehensive approach aims to clarify the role of HR in embedding CSR values within the organizational culture. Method: The methods used in this paper combine quantitative analysis of a comprehensive HR dataset with qualitative literature review and theoretical frameworks to explore the critical relationship between HR practices and CSR initiatives. Result: By applying these data-driven findings, the organization can better align its workforce planning and development strategies, ultimately enhancing organizational performance and employee satisfaction.Conclusion: This multifaceted approach allows for a deeper understanding of how organizations can effectively integrate CSR into their HR strategies for sustainable succes

A basis-set based Fortran program to solve the Gross-Pitaevskii Equation for dilute Bose gases in harmonic and anharmonic traps

Inhomogeneous boson systems, such as the dilute gases of integral spin atoms in low-temperature magnetic traps, are believed to be well described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE). GPE is a nonlinear Schroedinger equation which describes the order parameter of such systems at the mean field level. In the present work, we describe a Fortran 90 computer program developed by us, which solves the GPE using a basis set expansion technique. In this technique, the condensate wave function (order parameter) is expanded in terms of the solutions of the simple-harmonic oscillator (SHO) characterizing the atomic trap. Additionally, the same approach is also used to solve the problems in which the trap is weakly anharmonic, and the anharmonic potential can be expressed as a polynomial in the position operators x, y, and z. The resulting eigenvalue problem is solved iteratively using either the self-consistent-field (SCF) approach, or the imaginary time steepest-descent (SD) approach. Our results for harmonic traps are also compared with those published by other authors using different numerical approaches, and excellent agreement is obtained. GPE is also solved for a few anharmonic potentials, and the influence of anharmonicity on the condensate is discussed. Additionally, the notion of Shannon entropy for the condensate wave function is defined and studied as a function of the number of particles in the trap. It is demonstrated numerically that the entropy increases with the particle number in a monotonic way.Comment: 3 figures (included), to appear in Computer Physics Communication

Designing multi-period supply chain network considering risk and emission: a multi-objective approach

This research formulates a multi-objective problem (MOP) for supply chain network (SCN) design by incorporating the issues of social relationship, carbon emissions, and supply chain risks such as disruption and opportunism. The proposed MOP includes three conflicting objectives: maximization of total profit, minimization of supply disruption and opportunism risks, and minimization of carbon emission considering a number of supply chain constraints. Furthermore, this research analyses the effect of social relationship levels between different tiers of SCN on the profitability, risk, and emission over the time. In this regard, we focus on responding to the following questions. (1) How does the evolving social relationship affect the objectives of the supply chain (SC)? (2) How do the upstream firms’ relationships affect the relationships of downstream firms, and how these relationships influence the objectives of the SC? (3) How does the supply disruption risk interact with the opportunism risk through supply chain relationships, and how these risks affect the objectives of the SC? (4) How do these three conflicting objectives trade-off? A Pareto-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm–non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) has been employed to solve the presented problem. In order to improve the quality of solutions, tuning parameters of the NSGA-II are modulated using Taguchi approach. An illustrative example is presented to manifest the capability of the model and the algorithm. The results obtained evince the robust performance of the proposed MOP