Impact of Anxiety and Depression on Quality of Life among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Scoping Review

Context: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a life-threatening problem of global concern. Living with CKD is associated with many psychological problems, including depression and anxiety, which can directly or indirectly affect the quality of life. Only one review in the existing literature has assessed these associations among CKD patients using different dialysis modalities. However, the experience of these symptoms could be higher among patients on hemodialysis therapy. In this purview, there is a need to narrow the previous work to be more focused on hemodialysis patients. Aim: This scoping review aims to determine the gaps in the knowledge about the impact of anxiety and depression concerning QOL among people undergoing hemodialysis.Methods: The studies selected were examined the relationships between depression or/and anxiety with quality of life in adult patients on hemodialysis. The CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Pub Med databases were searched for literature published between January 2012 and December 2019. The quality of the included studies was also apprised. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: Six studies examined the impact of depression and anxiety on the quality of life. Five studies identified from the review have examined the relationships between depression and quality of life. It was established that the prevalence of anxiety and depression was high among hemodialysis patients, and the same was associated with low quality of life.Conclusion: The literature review highlights the negative associations between anxiety, depression, and quality of life among hemodialysis patients. It is, therefore, essential to screen hemodialysis patients frequently for anxiety and depression using a short-form questionnaire. This screening would allow for providing early interventions, and the potential deterioration of quality of life could be prevented. Further longitudinal studies are needed to assess these relationships. Additionally, further research is needed to determine effective interventional programs to improve the overall quality of life

Effect of Preoperative Education on Patient Anxiety Level: A Scoping Review

Context: A surgical intervention generally causes physical and psychological strain, which leads to excessive anxiety. The provision of knowledge and patient education during the preoperative period help to reduce anxiety levels among surgical patients.Aim: This review was conducted to investigate the effect of preoperative education on anxiety levels among patients undergoing surgery or invasive procedure irrespective of general or local anesthesia.Methods: Searching for related articles performed in four databases (MEDLINE, CINHALE, Trip, and Pub Med) between 2014 to 2018. Out of all searched literature, nine studies were retrieved (5 randomized controlled trials, three quasi-experimental studies, and one descriptive study) to be included with a total of 1670 patients. The articles involved in the given review (verbal education, telephone, booklet, and PowerPoint presentation) used different types of educational media.Results: All the studies where included in this literature review revealed that the most planned and structured preoperative education could reduce anxiety among patients scheduled for surgery or invasive procedure irrespective of general or local anesthesia. Conclusions: Most of the articles demonstrate the positive effect of planned and structured preoperative educations on anxiety levels, regardless of the types of media in delivering education to patients