4 research outputs found
ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²: Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² (Π§Π°ΡΡΡ 2)
Modifiers of membranes cause local defects on the cell surface. Measurement of the rigidity at the sites of local defects can provide further information about the structure of defects and mechanical properties of altered membranes.The purpose of the study: a step-by-step study of the process of a nonlinear deformation of red blood cells membranes under the effect of modifiers of different physico-chemical nature.Materials and methods. The membrane deformation of a viscoelastic composite erythrocyte construction inside a cell was studied by the atomic force spectroscopy. Nonlinear deformations formed under the effect of hemin, Zn2+ ions, and verapamil were studied.Results. The process of elastic deformation of the membrane with the indentation of a probe at the sites of local defects caused by modifiers was demonstrated. The probe was inserted during the same step of the piezo scanner z displacement; the probe indentation occured at the different discrete values of h, which are the functions of the membrane structure. At the sites of domains, under the effect of the hemin, tension areas and plasticity areas appeared. A mathematical model of probe indentation at the site of membrane defects is presented.Conclusion. The molecular mechanisms of various types of nonlinear deformations occurring under the effect of toxins are discussed. The results of the study may be of interest both for fundamental researchers of the blood cell properties and for practical reanimatology and rehabilitology.Β ΠΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ
ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ: ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎ-ΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Zn2+, ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π²Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ»Π°.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎ-ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄Π° Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡΡ
Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ° ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π³ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ z ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΠ° Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠΆΠ°Π»ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ h, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ. Π ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄Π° Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ±ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ². Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° (ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅)
The aim of the paper: to identify promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of pathological processes development based on the red blood cell membrane morphology and nanostructure in patients with brain disorders in the Intensive Care Unit.Materials and methods. The study included 24 patients from the anesthesiology and resuscitation ward of the Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology. Blood was acquired from the patients for standard tests, and all further tests were performed in vitro. The images of red blood cells were obtained using the atomic force microscope Β«NTEGRA Π rimaΒ» (NT-MDT, Russia) in semi-contact mode.Results. Patients from the anesthesiology and intensive care ward with traumatic brain injury, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, cerebral edema, and post-hypoxic encephalopathy had different blood cell shapes and localized defects of different topology on the surface of erythrocyte membranes including defects of pallor, torus, and nanostructure.Conclusion. In this pilot study we have shown that several defects represent the trigger mechanisms for the development of a total membrane damage. Local topographic defects of nanostructures and abnormalities of erythrocyte morphology are irreversible. The number and quality of these abnormalities may eventually be used as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of pathological processes.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°, Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 24 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π€ΠΠΠ¦ Π Π . ΠΡΠΎΠ²Ρ Π·Π°Π±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ², ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ in vitro. ΠΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ° Β«NTEGRA Π rimaΒ» (NT-MDT, Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ) Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π£ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ: Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ»Π»ΠΎΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΡΠ°, Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΌΡ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²
Defects of Red Blood Cell Membranes in Patients with Brain Dysfunction (Pilot Study)
The aim of the paper: to identify promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of pathological processes development based on the red blood cell membrane morphology and nanostructure in patients with brain disorders in the Intensive Care Unit.Materials and methods. The study included 24 patients from the anesthesiology and resuscitation ward of the Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology. Blood was acquired from the patients for standard tests, and all further tests were performed in vitro. The images of red blood cells were obtained using the atomic force microscope Β«NTEGRA Π rimaΒ» (NT-MDT, Russia) in semi-contact mode.Results. Patients from the anesthesiology and intensive care ward with traumatic brain injury, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, cerebral edema, and post-hypoxic encephalopathy had different blood cell shapes and localized defects of different topology on the surface of erythrocyte membranes including defects of pallor, torus, and nanostructure.Conclusion. In this pilot study we have shown that several defects represent the trigger mechanisms for the development of a total membrane damage. Local topographic defects of nanostructures and abnormalities of erythrocyte morphology are irreversible. The number and quality of these abnormalities may eventually be used as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of pathological processes
Nonlinear Local Deformations of Red Blood Cell Membranes: Effects of Toxins and Pharmaceuticals (Part 2)
Modifiers of membranes cause local defects on the cell surface. Measurement of the rigidity at the sites of local defects can provide further information about the structure of defects and mechanical properties of altered membranes.The purpose of the study: a step-by-step study of the process of a nonlinear deformation of red blood cells membranes under the effect of modifiers of different physico-chemical nature.Materials and methods. The membrane deformation of a viscoelastic composite erythrocyte construction inside a cell was studied by the atomic force spectroscopy. Nonlinear deformations formed under the effect of hemin, Zn2+ ions, and verapamil were studied.Results. The process of elastic deformation of the membrane with the indentation of a probe at the sites of local defects caused by modifiers was demonstrated. The probe was inserted during the same step of the piezo scanner z displacement; the probe indentation occured at the different discrete values of h, which are the functions of the membrane structure. At the sites of domains, under the effect of the hemin, tension areas and plasticity areas appeared. A mathematical model of probe indentation at the site of membrane defects is presented.Conclusion. The molecular mechanisms of various types of nonlinear deformations occurring under the effect of toxins are discussed. The results of the study may be of interest both for fundamental researchers of the blood cell properties and for practical reanimatology and rehabilitology