Appendix A. Number of seasons (divided by pack) for which we had sufficient sample size to estimate Utilization Distributions.

Number of seasons (divided by pack) for which we had sufficient sample size to estimate Utilization Distributions

Appendix C. Mean pack size tends to increase with total population density for the Northern Range wolf population (1996–2011).

Mean pack size tends to increase with total population density for the Northern Range wolf population (1996–2011)

Appendix B. Standardized regression coefficients for two models, each aiming to predict the volume of intersection in summer.

Standardized regression coefficients for two models, each aiming to predict the volume of intersection in summer

Relationship between synchrony in the growth rates of pairs of reindeer populations and the distance separating them.

<p>Distance was estimated as the linear distance separating centroids of population ranges. Panel a) represents all positive synchronies we detected; panel b) represents all negative synchronies we detected (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0158359#pone.0158359.s003" target="_blank">S3 Table</a> for details). The solid, black lines represent the results of linear regression models with synchrony as response variable and distance as predictor variable (both relationships not significant, panel a): p-value = 0.9240; panel b): p-value = 0.7447).</p

Relationship between population growth rates and climate indices (NAO = North Atlantic Oscillation index; AO = Arctic Oscillation index; NP = North Pacific index) in Fennoscandia and Taymyr.

<p>Relationship between population growth rates and climate indices (NAO = North Atlantic Oscillation index; AO = Arctic Oscillation index; NP = North Pacific index) in Fennoscandia and Taymyr.</p

Pearson correlation coefficient values representing the correlation between climate indices (NAO = North Atlantic Oscillation index; AO = Arctic Oscillation index; NP = North Pacific index) and mean annual winter (January–March) temperature and total annual winter precipitation in Fennoscandia and in the range of each Russian reindeer population.

<p>Pearson correlation coefficient values representing the correlation between climate indices (NAO = North Atlantic Oscillation index; AO = Arctic Oscillation index; NP = North Pacific index) and mean annual winter (January–March) temperature and total annual winter precipitation in Fennoscandia and in the range of each Russian reindeer population.</p