Evaluation of the quality and safety of cows' milk when using the mineral elements

A successful feeding program should solve the following problems: achieving planned milk production, increasing dry matter intake and improving ruminal microbiota. As an integral part of the diet, feed additives have an impact on the animal's body, which is expressed, for example, in an increase in average daily weight gain, a decrease in conversion, an improvement in metabolic metabolism and so on. However, it should be noted that feed additives alone do not guarantee of high productivity or profitability of milk production. The purpose of these studies was to evaluate the effect of the multicomponent feed additive Felucen on the sanitary quality and safety of cows' milk. The studies were conducted on the basis of training and experimental farm, where two groups of dairy cows, 40 heads each, were formed according to the principle of analogues. All cows of both groups received the basic diet accepted on the farm. Additionally, the first group received Felucen feed additive at the rate of 5 g per 1 kg of body. Analysis of the milk composition and productivity was carried out on the 10th, 30th, 60th and 90th day. The use of Felucen provided an increase in the milk productivity of cows by 11% and an increase in the quality indicators of milk: the mass fraction of fat increased by 0.11%, protein - by 0.21%, lactose - by 0.20%

Microstructural evolution of Fe-22%Cr model alloy under thermal ageing and ion irradiation conditions studied by atom probe tomography

Nanostructure evolution during ion irradiation of two thermally aged binary Fee22Cr alloys has been investigated using atom probe tomography. Specimens aged at 500 °C for 50 and 200 h were irradiated by 5.6 MeV Fe ions at room temperature up to fluences of 0.3 × 1015 ions/cm2 and 1 × 1015 ions/cm2. The effect of irradiation on the material nanostructure was examined at a depth of 1 ?m from the irradiated surface. The analysis of Cr radial concentration functions reveals that dense ??-phase precipitates in the 200 h aged alloy become diffuse and thereby larger when subjected to irradiation. On the other hand, less Cr-enriched precipitates in the alloy aged for 50 h are less affected. The CreCr pair correlation function analysis shows that matrix inhomogeneity decreases under irradiation. Irradiation leads to a decrease in the number density of diffuse clusters, whereas in the case of well-developed precipitates it remains unchanged

Evaluation of the quality and safety of cows' milk when using the mineral elements

A successful feeding program should solve the following problems: achieving planned milk production, increasing dry matter intake and improving ruminal microbiota. As an integral part of the diet, feed additives have an impact on the animal's body, which is expressed, for example, in an increase in average daily weight gain, a decrease in conversion, an improvement in metabolic metabolism and so on. However, it should be noted that feed additives alone do not guarantee of high productivity or profitability of milk production. The purpose of these studies was to evaluate the effect of the multicomponent feed additive Felucen on the sanitary quality and safety of cows' milk. The studies were conducted on the basis of training and experimental farm, where two groups of dairy cows, 40 heads each, were formed according to the principle of analogues. All cows of both groups received the basic diet accepted on the farm. Additionally, the first group received Felucen feed additive at the rate of 5 g per 1 kg of body. Analysis of the milk composition and productivity was carried out on the 10th, 30th, 60th and 90th day. The use of Felucen provided an increase in the milk productivity of cows by 11% and an increase in the quality indicators of milk: the mass fraction of fat increased by 0.11%, protein - by 0.21%, lactose - by 0.20%

The Effect of Post-irradiation Annealing on VVER-440 RPV Materials Mechanolocal Properties and Nano-structure under Re-irradiation

The present work provides the analyses of embrittlement behavior and atom probe tomography study of nano-structure evolution of VVER-440 RPV materials under irradiation and re-irradiation. Specimens from VVER-440 weld with high level of cupper (0.16 wt.%) and phosphorus (0.027-0.038 wt.%) were irradiated in surveillance channels of Rovno Nuclear Power plant unit 1 (Ro-1). The embrittlement behavior has been assessed by transition temperature shift.JRC.DDG.F.3-Energy securit

Integrated analysis of WWER-440 RPV weld re-embrittlement after annealing

The analysis of WWER-440 RPV welds mechanical properties and behaviour of nanoscale structural features under primary irradiation, thermal annealing and re-irradiation has been performed in the framework of the international research project PRIMAVERA. The weld material of WWER-440 with three different levels of phosphorus contents, specifically 0.025, 0.030 and 0.040 wt % were investigated in the framework of the project. It has been demonstrated that the copper atoms create under irradiation small clusters (d ~ 1-2 nm) surrounded by P, Si or Mn atoms. The phosphorus atoms segregate on Cu –clusters, dislocations and form P –clusters and atmospheres. These mechanisms lead to the embrittlement of RPV steel, which is revealed by the increasing of yield stress and transition temperature shift after irradiation. Due to thermal annealing a substantial part of irradiation induced copper and phosphorus clusters will be dissolved. Moreover dissolution of Cu clusters occurs simultaneously with the growth of the Cu precipitates. Both steel tensile properties and transition temperature recover due to thermal annealing. A substantial phosphorus effect on ductile-to-brittle transition temperature shift occurs under re-irradiation. Because in the annealed steel a substantial part of the Cu atoms is in the precipitates, the material embrittlement under re-irradiation does not depend so much on Cu, and the Tk shift under re-irradiation is less as compared with primary irradiation. Considering the vacancy type defects, the PAS experiments show that basically three different processes play a role in the microstructure evolution: irradiation induced creation of point defects, thermal induced annealing of these defects and thermal/irradiation induced coarsening of defects. Although, the influence of the vacancy type defects on the mechanical properties was found to be little in comparison to the effect of the Cu-P clusters, the presence of these defects in the irradiated and annealed materials were observed in large number - significantly more than in an equilibrium state.JRC.F.4-Nuclear Reactor Integrity Assessment and Knowledge Managemen

RD50 Status Report 2008 - Radiation hard semiconductor devices for very high luminosity colliders

The objective of the CERN RD50 Collaboration is the development of radiation hard semiconductor detectors for very high luminosity colliders, particularly to face the requirements of a possible upgrade scenario of the LHC.This document reports the status of research and main results obtained after the sixth year of activity of the collaboration