Birth rates in Amish men by Met470Val genotypes (<i>P</i> = 0.22).

<p>Birth rates in Amish men by Met470Val genotypes (<i>P</i> = 0.22).</p

Association of MMP-9 Quartiles with Selected Clinical Characteristics in Men.

<p>Association of MMP-9 Quartiles with Selected Clinical Characteristics in Men.</p

Correlations of MMP-9 and CRP with WBC.

<p>Linear regression analysis of the correlation of WBC with MMP-9 (upper panel) and CRP (lower panel) in never (n = 243), current (n = 76) and former smokers (n = 64).</p

Population genetic parameters of the <i>CFTR</i> Met470Val locus.

<p>(A) Haplotype blocks +/− 500 kb around Met470Val locus in HapMap CEU (phase II) samples. The arrow indicates the location of Met470Val; the blue vertical line shows the ancestral Met470 allele and the red vertical line shows the derived Val470 allele. A continuous block of the same color represents the haplotypes shared between individuals. Haplotypes on the Met470 background are shorter and more variable compared to those on Val470 background. (B) Decay of extended haplotype homozygosity (EHH) around the Met470Val locus in the same data as in (A). The blue plot represents the decay of haplotypes on the ancestral (Met) allele background; the red plot represents the decay of haplotypes on the derived (Val) allele background. The Y-axis shows the EHH, defined as the probability that two randomly chosen chromosomes are homozygous at all SNPs for the entire interval from the core SNP at distance <i>x </i><a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000974#pgen.1000974-Sabeti2" target="_blank">[37]</a>. EHH probability drops below 0.5 at approximately 300 kb around Met470Val on haplotypes carrying the Val470 allele, compared to <20 kb on haplotypes carrying the Met allele. The iHS corresponds to the natural logarithm of the ratio of areas under the ancestral and derived allele EHH curves, standardized to be independent of the allele frequencies. A negative iHS implies that the haplotypes on derived allele background are longer than those on ancestral background <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000974#pgen.1000974-Voight1" target="_blank">[23]</a>. (C–E) Genome-wide distributions of (C) Fst values, (D) iHS scores and (E) Fst and iHS scores for SNPs in HapMap phase II data. Black lines (and filled circle in E) show the location of the Met470Val SNP in each distribution. Proportions of SNPs with more extreme values are shown on the plots as empirical <i>P</i>-values.</p

Plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers according to smoking status.

<p>White blood cell (WBC) count is expressed as (5×10⁹/L), C-reactive protein (CRP), MMP-9 and MMP-1 as ng/ml. logCRP and logMMP-9 were used for analyses. *: p<0.05; **: p<0.01.</p

Results of association tests with birth rate in Hutterite men.

1<p>All three genotypes were tested individually.</p>2<p>People carrying Met/Val and Val/Val genotypes were combined and tested against Met/Met homozygotes.</p

Correlation between MMP-9 and WBC in apparently healthy subjects.

<p>Linear regression analysis of the correlation between MMP-9 and WBC in men (n = 383) and women (n = 356).</p

Association of WBC Quartiles with Selected Clinical Characteristics in Women.

<p>Association of WBC Quartiles with Selected Clinical Characteristics in Women.</p

Geographic distribution of the Met470Val polymorphism in HGDP samples.

<p>The relative frequencies of each allele are shown as blue (ancestral Met470 allele) and orange (derived Val470 allele) pie slices.</p

Frequencies of the <i>CFTR</i> haplotypes in the Hutterites.

<p>Frequencies of the <i>CFTR</i> haplotypes in the Hutterites.</p