4 research outputs found
Open call -menettelyn suunnittelu PyhÀsalmen kaivoksen maanalaisiin tiloihin sijoitettavista tieteellisistÀ kokeista
Abstract
The PyhÀsalmi mine and the surrounding brownfield area offer the unique infrastructure and a wealth of opportunities for a variety of scientific and commercial purposes. It already hosts successful EMMA and C14 experiments, and has been thoroughly studied and noted as the most prominent location in Europe to host very large-scale particle physic experiments.
There is a strong demand for the underground spaces around the world. By using the open call, it is possible to invite scientific and commercial actors to locate their experiments, pilots, and operations to the PyhÀsalmi Mine area to utilize the world-class infrastructure.
We propose two active ways to carry out the actual open call, and we also present a detailed plans to execute them within maximum of two years time span, 2015â17. The procedures differs on the basis of the stage of the maturity of the proposal/ project/ experiment plans. The third way to carry out the process is passive marketing.
Despite the selected procedures some actions has to be carried out prior to carrying out the open call -process: 1) To establish the board to evaluate to upcoming proposals, 2) to define the potential spaces in the mine and prepare the marketing material, 3) to survey the possible users in different fields, 4) to define the selection criteria, and 5) to ask for Letter of Intents from different users. In addition to these we suggest to establish/select the legal entity to execute all these actions.
Open call procedure of use of underground facilities of PyhÀsalmi Mine for scientific purposes report is ordered by Nivala-HaapajÀrven seutu Nihak ry. Open call actions have been promoted since 2015 according to this report. This study and plan have been useful in concretizing and promoting the open call process.TiivistelmÀ
PyhÀsalmen kaivoksen ympÀristö tarjoaa ainutlaatuisen infrastruktuurin ja ympÀristön erilaiselle niin kaupalliselle kuin tieteellisellekin toiminnalle. KaivosympÀristöön on rakennettu EMMA ja C14 -kokeet muun toiminnan ohella. KaivosympÀristö on lisÀksi tutkittu hyvin tarkkaan ja sitÀ on pidetty parhaana sijoituspaikkana myös suurelle hiukkasfysiikan kokeelle.
Maanalaisista tiloista on suuri tarve maailmalla, sillÀ olemassa olevat tilat ovat tÀynnÀ. Open call -menettelyllÀ on mahdollista kutsua tieteellisiÀ ja kaupallisiakin toimijoita sijoittamaan kokeensa tai toimintansa PyhÀsalmen kaivoksen tiloihin hyödyntÀmÀÀn erinomaista infrastruktuuria.
Open call -menettelyselvityksessÀ on esitelty kaksi erilaista toimintatapaa uusien kokeiden hankkimiseksi. Samalla on esitetty aikataulusuunnitelma toimien toteuttamiseksi. YhtenÀ ympÀristön markkinointikeinona on esitelty myös passiivinen markkinointi.
Toiminnan kehittÀmisen ja open call -prosessin eteenpÀin viemisen edellytyksenÀ on: 1) ArviointiryhmÀn kokoaminen esitysten arvioimiseksi, 2) sopivien toimitilojen kartoittaminen kaivosympÀristössÀ ja markkinointimateriaalin luominen, 3) eri alojen toimijoiden kartoittaminen, 4) arvosteluperusteiden mÀÀrittÀminen ja 5) aiesopimuksen laatiminen toimijoiden kanssa. Toimien toteuttamiseksi ja jatkotoiminnan kehittÀmiseksi on suositeltu perustaa kiinteistöyhtiö tai vastaava, jonka tehtÀvÀnÀ on myös hallinnoida ja perustaa uusia tiloja tarpeiden mukaisesti.
Open call -menettelyn suunnittelu PyhÀsalmen kaivoksen maanalaisiin tiloihin sijoitettavista tieteellisistÀ kokeista -selvitys on toteutettu Nivala-HaapajÀrven seutukunnan tilauksesta. Toimia on edistetty vuodesta 2015 alkaen tÀmÀn suunnitelman mukaisesti. SelvityksestÀ on ollut hyötyÀ kokonaisuuden konkretisoinnissa ja toimien eteenpÀin viemisessÀ
Plans for the future scientific activities in the PyhÀsalmi mine
Abstract
The PyhÀsalmi Mine is approximately 1,400 metres deep metal mine at PyhÀjÀrvi, Finland. This one of the deepest mine offers unique facilities and underground infrastructure for several purposes.
For the exploitation of the infrastructure after the end of underground excavations there are plans to establish a Science and Research Centre in the mine. Different international studies and reports have proven that the PyhÀsalmi Mine area is an excellent site for underground physics experiments from both technical, infrastructural and scientifical point of view [1]. This feasibility has been shown, for example, by the extended site investigations at PyhÀsalmi Mine [2] which included, among others, analyses of the structural, physical and chemical conditions of the rock mass.
The facilities of the mine are excellent, for example, for various kind of physics experiments due to the large rock overburden, but also for other fields of science. Therefore, during 2015 an open call process will be organized in which new experiments looked for to utilize the underground facilities. In this work we present plans for the future activities in the PyhÀsalmi Mine
Measuring the ÂčâŽC content in liquid scintillators
Abstract
In order to detect low-energy neutrinos, for example the solar neutrinos from the ppchain (with the maximum neutrino energy of approximately 400 keV) requires that the intrinsic ÂčâŽC content in a liquid scintillator is at extremely low level. In the Borexino detector, a 300-ton liquid scintillation detector at Gran Sasso, Italy, the ratio of ÂčâŽC to ÂčÂČC of approximately 2 Ă 10â»Âčâž has been achieved. It is the lowest value ever measured. The detector situates underground at the depth of 3200 mwe (1200 m).
ÂčâŽC cannot be removed from liquid scintillators by chemical methods, or by other methods in large quantities (liters). In principle, the older is the oil or gas source that the liquid scintillator is made of and the deeper it situates, the smaller should be the ÂčâŽC-to-ÂčÂČC ratio. This, however, is not generally the case, and the ratio depends on the activity (U and Th content) in the environment of the source.
We have started a series of measurements where the ÂčâŽC-to-ÂčÂČC ratio will be measured from liquid scintillator samples. The measurements take place in two underground laboratories: in the PyhĂ€salmi mine, Finland, at the depth of 4000 mwe (1400 meters) and at the Baksan Underground Laboratory, Russia at 4800 mwe, for reducing and better understanding systematical uncertainties. There will be about ten samples with the known origin, each of them 2 litres. The liquid scintillator vessel, light quides and low-active PMTs will be shielded with thick layers copper and lead. Nitrogen flow is used to reduce the radon background.
The aim is to measure ratios smaller than 10â»Âčâž, if such samples exists. One measurement takes several weeks