The application level of the infection control methods in the operation wards of Shahrekord university hospitals compared to the standards in 2005

Background and aim: Nosocomial infection is an important health problem. The operation rooms of the hospitals are potentially favorite places for distribution of these diseases. It is now known that using standard control methods could prevent the infections. The aim of this study was to find the application level of these methods in Shahrekord universitiy hospitals and to compare them with the present standards methods. Method: This descriptive analytical study was performed in three operation wards including 7 operation rooms. Data was collected using a questionnaire consisted of 54 questions about facilities and equipments, 8 questions about personnel practice related to infection control, 12 questions about individual hygiene and scrub methods, 8 questions about disinfection and sterilization and 7 questions about using preventive measures. The data was analyzed using t test. Results: The findings showed that application of disinfecting and sterilizing methods (93.75%), individual health, scrub methods (79.2%), and the patient admission process (84%) were poor. Conclusion: In conclusion, the operation wards have to be reviewed and supervised regularly for personnel, equipments, buildings, and training of the personnel to use disinfection control methods

The application level of the infection control methods in the operation wards of Shahrekord university hospitals compared to the standards in 2005

زمینه و هدف: امروزه عفونت های بیمارستانی یکی از معضلات اساسی سیستم بهداشتی است. بخش های اتاق عمل بدلیل شرایط خاص زخم های باز جراحی مکانهای بالقوه ای برای ایجاد عفونت های شدید بیمارستانی می باشند و رعایت معیارهای کنترل عفونت بر اساس استانداردها کلید اصلی پیشگیری از اینگونه عفونت ها است. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی میزان بکارگیری اصول و روشهای کنترل عفونت به وسیله پرسنل در اتاق عمل بیمارستان های شهرکرد و نیز مقایسه آن با استانداردها صورت گرفته است. روش بررسی: این پژوهش، مطالعه ای از نوع توصیفی – تحلیلی است که بر روی سه بخش اتاق عمل و جمعاً 7 واحد جراحی انجام گرفت. ابزار گرد آوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه هفت قسمتی محقق ساخته (شامل 54 سؤال در مورد امکانات و تجهیزات، 8 سؤال مربوط به مشاهده عملکرد پرسنل در مورد رعایت موازین کنترل عفونت در ارتباط با بیمار، 12 سؤال در ارتباط با نظافت شخصی، لباس و اسکراب، 8 سؤال در رابطه با عملکرد پرسنل تحت مشاهده در خصوص روش های ضد عفونی و استریلیزاسیون وسایل و 7 سؤال در مورد کاربرد روش های پیشگیری از عفونت در مورد عوامل محیطی نظیر سطوح و تهویه در اتاق عمل) می باشد. اطلاعات با استفاده از مشاهده و مصاحبه جمع آوری و جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون آماری t استفاده گردید. یافته ها: یافته های مطالعه نشان داد، عملکرد پرسنل مورد مشاهده در مورد روش های ضد عفونی و استریلیزاسیون (75/93)، نظافت شخصی و لباس و اسکراب (2/79) و بیمار (84) ضعیف بوده است. همچنین یافته ها نشان داد که امکانات و تجهیزات اتاق عمل از نظر روشهای کنترل عفونت با استانداردها فاصله دارد. نتیجه گیری: یافته های پژوهش نیاز مبرم به بازنگری فضای فیزیکی، امکانات و تجهیزات اتاقهای عمل و آموزش پرسنل در زمینه اصول کنترل عفونت و نظارت و کنترل دقیق بر عملکرد آنها را نشان داد

Comparing the Effectiveness of Informational Communication With Mobile Phone and E-Media on Anxiety in Cerebral Palsy

Background and Aims The family members of patients experience a high level of anxiety during the patient’s CABG surgery. Information sharing with family members about the patient’s condition during surgery can reduce their anxiety. The present study was conducted to compare the effect of information sharing with electric boards and mobile phones on the anxiety of family members of patients undergoing CABG surgery. Methods This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 80 family members of patients undergoing CABG surgery. The intervention group was provided with information sharing using a mobile phone during the patient’s surgery. The control group received their patient’s information on electric patient tracking board inserted on the operating room wall. The study participants’ anxiety was evaluated using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), before and after the interventions. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive and analytical statistics. Results Before conducting the interventions, the mean±SD scores of anxiety were 49.03±12.82 and 47.80±10.41 in the test and control groups; the two study groups had no significant difference in this regard. After the interventions, the mean score of anxiety significantly reduced in the intervention group; however, no significant change was observed in the controls in this area. Additionally, the mean changes in anxiety score in the intervention group were significantly higher than the controls (P≤0.5). Conclusion According to the achieved results, informational support for the family members of patients can reduce their anxiety during their patients’ surgery procedure. Keywords: Information sharing, Mobile phone, Electric board, Anxiety, Family members, CAB

Comparing the Effectiveness of Informational Communication With Mobile Phone and EMedia on Anxiety in Cerebral Palsy

Background and Aims The family members of patients experience a high level of anxiety during the patient’s CABG surgery. Information sharing with family members about the patient’s condition during surgery can reduce their anxiety. The present study was conducted to compare the effect of information sharing with electric boards and mobile phones on the anxiety of family members of patients undergoing CABG surgery. Methods This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 80 family members of patients undergoing CABG surgery. The intervention group was provided with information sharing using a mobile phone during the patient’s surgery. The control group received their patient’s information on electric patient tracking board inserted on the operating room wall. The study participants’ anxiety was evaluated using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), before and after the interventions. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive and analytical statistics. Results Before conducting the interventions, the mean±SD scores of anxiety were 49.03±12.82 and 47.80±10.41 in the test and control groups; the two study groups had no significant difference in this regard. After the interventions, the mean score of anxiety significantly reduced in the intervention group; however, no significant change was observed in the controls in this area. Additionally, the mean changes in anxiety score in the intervention group were significantly higher than the controls (P≤0.5). Conclusion According to the achieved results, informational support for the family members of patients can reduce their anxiety during their patients’ surgery procedure

The effect of escitalopram in treating mild to moderate depressive disorder and improving the quality of life in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting – a double-blind randomized clinical trial

IntroductionChronic depression and anxiety can be a risk factor for coronary aArtery bypass grafting (CABG) and is an emerging factor after coronary artery disease when the patient is admitted to the hospital and after surgery. We aimed to assess the effect of Escitalopram in treating mild to moderate depressive disorder and improving the quality of life in patients undergoing CABG.MethodsIn this randomized clinical trial, 50 patients undergoing CABG referred to Tehran Heart Hospital from January 2021 to May 2021 and were suffering from mild to moderate depression were randomly assigned to one of the two groups of Escitalopram or placebo. The level of depression was assessed based on Beck’s depression inventory and the quality-of-life status and its domains were assessed based on the SF-36 questionnaire in 2 groups. Measurements were obtained at baseline and at four and eight weeks after treatment. Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, paired, and Wilcoxon tests or ANOVA were used as appropriate.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the level of depression between the two study groups at baseline (P=0.312). There was no significant difference between the quality of life and its domains in the two study groups at baseline (P=0.607). However, the most important effect of Escitalopram was reducing depression scores in the intervention group at weeks 4 and 8 after treatment compared to the placebo group (P<0.001). The quality of life and its domains were significantly higher in the Escitalopram group eight weeks after treatment (P=0.004). The amount of drug side effects at 2 and 4 weeks after treatment had no significant difference between the groups (P>0.05).ConclusionEscitalopram was effective in treating mild to moderate depressive disorder and improving quality of life in patients undergoing CABG.Clinical trial registrationhttps://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/, identifier IRCT20140126016374N2

Survey of the Impact of Using Text Messaging Educational Method on Breast Self Examination in Female Students of None-medical Fields In 2013

Abstract: Purpose: Short text messaging is the easiest and cheapest way to promote knowledge level in the society which provides easy access to an extent layer of audience and a two way connection between users and educational sources in a short time and in any place. Present study has been done with the purpose of evaluating the impact of using text messages as an educational tool on breast self examination education in female students of none-medical fields in 2013. Method: in a clinical trial 54 female students from Tarbiat Modarres dormitories were selected by accidental sampling and then were educated about breast cancer, its control ways and breast self examination by 28 educational text messages at 9 AM every day for 1 moth. Data collection tool was a questionnaire designed by the researcher which was used as a pre-test and then 3 months after education as a post test and the quality of doing breast self examination was evaluated by an operational test and check list. Data analysis was done with SPSS 20 software and a parametric statistical test (paired T-test) in a significant level of p<0.05. Findings: There is a significant difference in knowledge, attitude and performance points (KAP) about breast self examination before and after educational text messaging intervention (p = 0.001). Text messaging with 47.2% was selected as the first priority by the samples. Results: text messaging educational method is effective in promotion of breast cancer preventive behaviors. The amount of KAP in female students about breast self examination was effectively elevated after text message education. We suggest use of this educational method in health education programs especially in breast cancer controlling for maintaining women's health and hygiene

In-hospital and 1-year outcomes of patients without modifiable risk factors presenting with acute coronary syndrome undergoing PCI: a Sex-stratified analysis

AimA considerable proportion of patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have no standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (SMuRFs: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and cigarette smoking). The outcomes of this population following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are debated. Further, sex differences within this population have yet to be established.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 7,847 patients with ACS who underwent PCI. The study outcomes were in-hospital mortality, all-cause mortality, and major adverse cardio-cerebrovascular events (MACCE). The association between the absence of SMuRFs (SMuRF-less status) and outcomes among all the patients and each sex was assessed using logistic and Cox proportional hazard regressions.ResultsApproximately 11% of the study population had none of the SMuRFs. During 12.13 [11.99–12.36] months of follow-up, in-hospital mortality (adjusted-odds ratio (OR):1.51, 95%confidence interval (CI): 0.91–2.65, P:0.108), all-cause mortality [adjusted-hazard ratio (HR): 1.01, 95%CI: 0.88–1.46, P: 0.731], and MACCE (adjusted-HR: 0.93, 95%CI:0.81–1.12, P: 0.412) did not differ between patients with and without SMuRFs. Sex-stratified analyses recapitulated similar outcomes between SMuRF+ and SMuRF-less men. In contrast, SMuRF-less women had significantly higher in-hospital (adjusted-OR: 3.28, 95%CI: 1.92–6.21, P < 0.001) and all-cause mortality (adjusted-HR:1.41, 95%CI: 1.02–3.21, P: 0.008) than SMuRF+ women.ConclusionsAlmost one in 10 patients with ACS who underwent PCI had no SMuRFs. The absence of SMuRFs did not confer any benefit in terms of in-hospital mortality, one-year mortality, and MACCE. Even worse, SMuRF-less women paradoxically had an excessive risk of in-hospital and one-year mortality

Comparing the Effectiveness of Informational Communication With Mobile Phone and E-Media on Anxiety in Cerebral Palsy

Background and Aims The family members of patients experience a high level of anxiety during the patient’s CABG  surgery. Information sharing with family members about the patient’s condition during surgery can reduce their anxiety. The present study was conducted to compare the effect of information sharing with electric boards and mobile phones on the anxiety of family members of patients undergoing CABG surgery. Methods  This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 80 family members of patients undergoing CABG surgery. The intervention group was provided with information sharing using a mobile phone during the patient’s surgery. The control group received their patient’s information on electric patient tracking board inserted on the operating room wall. The study participants’ anxiety was evaluated using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), before and after the interventions. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive and analytical statistics.  Results Before conducting the interventions, the mean±SD scores of anxiety were 49.03±12.82 and 47.80±10.41 in the test and control groups; the two study groups had no significant difference in this regard. After the interventions, the mean score of anxiety significantly reduced in the intervention group; however, no significant change was observed in the controls in this area. Additionally, the mean changes in anxiety score in the intervention group were significantly higher than the controls (P≤0.5).  Conclusion According to the achieved results, informational support for the family members of patients can reduce their anxiety during their patients’ surgery procedure

Effects of the Health Belief Model (HBM)-Based Educational Program on the Nutritional Knowledge and Behaviors of CABG Patients

Background: Reducing blood pressure through diet decreases the possibility of heart attacks, and lowering blood cholesterol can reduce the risk of coronary artery disease. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of education based on the Health Belief Model on the dietary behavior of patients following coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) at the Heart Surgery Department of Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Qom. Methods: In this semi-experimental clinical trial, data were collected on 64 patients, at an average age of 59.9 ± 7.26 years in the intervention group and 58.5 ± 7.6 years in the control group. Seventy percent of the study subjects were male and 30% were female. Intervention and control groups were given a questionnaire, comprising 56 questions in 5 parts. The educational intervention was aimed at creating perceived susceptibility and perceived severity in the intervention group. After 1 month. Both groups were tested, and the resulting data were analyzed to investigate the effects of the educational intervention on the nutritional knowledge and behavior of the patients.  Results: According to the results, educational intervention caused a significant increase in the mean scores of knowledge (p value = 0.001), perceived severity (p value = 0.007), and perceived benefits and barriers (p value = 0.003) in the intervention group but did not cause a significant increase in the mean score of nutritional behavior (p value = 0.390). Conclusion: Education based on the Health Belief Model seems to be effective in improving nutritional knowledge, but more consistent and comprehensive educational programs are necessary in order to change behavior and improve nutritional behavior

Clinical outcome of tracheal extubatedcardiac surgery patients who did not meet protocol driven laboratory criteria for extubation

Background: We retrospectively compared the clinical outcome of post-cardiac surgery tracheal extubation between patients extubated with a lower than normal pH and patients extubated according to our routine institutional protocol. Our main goal was to clarify that strict adherence to the current criteria is dispensable. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we recruited 256 patients who met our study criteria and divided them into the exposed group (n= 95) and the control group (n= 161). The inclusion criteria consisted of coronary artery bypass grafting alone and age> 18 years. The exclusion criteria comprised the use of corticosteroids in the preceding 2 weeks, Serum creatinine (SCr)> 2 mg/dL, uncontrolled diabetes, liver dysfunction, Glasgow coma scale <13, and acetazolamide and sodium bicarbonate use. The arterial blood gas (ABG) characteristics before and 6 hours after extubation, extubation failure rate, length of stay in the in ICU, length of stay in the hospital and mortality were compared between the two groups. Results: In the control group, the males outnumbered the females and the ejection fraction was higher relative to that in the exposure group (P= 0.01 and P= 0.02, respectively). There were more patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the exposure group (P< 0.005) and also the euroSCORE was higher (P< 0.002). There were no significant differences between the groups regarding the ABG values at the time of ICU admission. Significantly higher levels of FiO2 and PaCO2 (P< 0.001 for both) as well as lower HCO3 and pH (P< 0.001 for both) were observed in the exposure group immediately before extubation. Following extubation, there was a significant increase in pH and a significant reduction in FiO2 need in the exposure group (P< 0.001 for both). The extubation failure rate, length of stay in the in ICU, length of stay in the hospital, and mortality rate were not different between the 2 groups. Conclusion: The patients with a lower than normal pH, tracheal extubated at the discretion of the ICU anesthesiologist did not have a clinical outcome worse than that of the patients extubated in accordance with our routine institutional protocol