The effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Artemisia aucheri on bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats

Background and aim: Pulmonary fibrosis is one of common side effect of bleomycin, which is administered as a chemotherapeutic agent. Current evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play a key role in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. This study was designed to investigate the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Artemisia aucheri with some antioxidant effects on bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Methods: In this experimental study, thirty five Sprague Dawley rats were semi randomly divide into five groups of seven. In four groups of animals bleomycin sulfate (5 mg/Kg) was used for intra-trachea instillation. Two groups of animals received 100 and 200 mg/kg (i.p) Artemisia aucheri extracts (AAE) and one group received vitamin E (10mg/kg, i.p.) for two weeks. Same amount of saline was administered to the control group. At the end of experimental period, malondialdehyde (MAD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) serum levels were determined. Lung tissue samples from the all animals were collected for histological investigation. Results: Treatment by AAE and Vitamin E caused decrease in the serum levels of malondialdehyde (MAD) which were not significant, whereas a significant increase was observed in the serum level of total antioxidant capacity. Discussion: The findings of this study suggest that antioxidant compounds of AAE may have therapeutic effect for pulmonary fibrosis

Effects of melatonin on histopathological changes after experimental ovarian torsion-detorsion in cat

Background: During the detorsion of a torsioned ovary, oxidant agents are released and melatonin as an antioxidant can reduce ischemia. We studied the histopathological changes after using melatonin on experimental torsioned ovary in cat. Objective: The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the effects of Melatonin on histopathological changes in torsion – detorsion injury in cat ovary. Materials and Methods: An adnexal torsion – detorsion model was created by using 20 adult cats randomly divided equally in to 2 groups of Saline and Melatonin. Ischemia was induced by iathrogenic 360° clockwise torsion of the cat adnex for 3 hr. Reperfusion was achieved for 3 hr. Melatonin or saline were injected intra peritoneally (10mg/kg) 30 min before ovarian detorsion in both groups. After 3 hr of ovarian detorsion, ovarian tissue was removed and fixed in 10% formalin solution, embedded in paraffin and evaluated for ischemic indices. Results: Histological examination showed a significant improvement in ovarian morphology in the melatonin treated cats. Edema and vasoconstriction in saline group were more severe than Melatonin group (p-value = 0.009). Hemorrhage and leukocyte infiltration were also more obvious in saline group (p-value 0.0018) Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that Melatonin administration reduced ovarian histopathological damage due to oxidative injury associated with torsion

Human amniotic membrane, best healing accelerator, and the choice of bone induction for vestibuloplasty technique (an animal study)

Mohammad H Samandari1, Shahriar Adibi2, Ahad Khoshzaban3, Sara Aghazadeh5, Parviz Dihimi4, Siamak S Torbaghan6, Saeed H Keshel5, Zohreh Shahabi71Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry Faculty, 2Dental Research of Torabinejad Research Centre, 3Iranian Tissue Bank Research and Preparation Centre, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, 4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dentistry Faculty, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; 5Stem Cells Preparation Unit, Eye Research Center, Farabi Hospital, 6Department of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Medical Centre, 7BMT Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranObjective: To investigate the effects of amniotic membrane (AM) in bone induction and wound healing after vestibuloplasty surgery on animal samples while receptacle proteins such as growth factors were considered as accelerators for wound healing and bone induction after these operations.Material and methods: Ten adult dogs (5 females, 5 males; race, Iranian mixed; weight, 44 pounds) were included, which underwent surgery for transplantation on mandible and maxillary. AM was used for promoting bone induction and healing.Results: The tissue samples were obtained after 2, 8, and 12 weeks for histology survey. No significant differences were observed between male and female or left and right jaws. AM decreased fibrinoleukocytic exudates and inflammation in the experimental group, had significant effects on bone formation, considerably improves wound healing, and gives rise to bone induction (P < 0.0001).Conclusions: Our study findings indicate that the AM is a suitable cover for different injuries and acellular AM has the potential for rapid improvement and bone induction. The AM contains collagen, laminin, and fibronectin, which provide an appropriate substrate for bone induction. This substrate promoted bone induction and might contribute to induction of the progenitor cells and/or stem cells in the area where surgery had been undertaken and is also differentiated into bone. In comparison with the control group, the difference was significant and meaningful (P < 0.0001).Keywords: inflammation, bone induction, fibrinoleukocytic exudates&nbsp