Awareness on the use of solar tent dryer among the fish processors of Kukawa Local Government, Borno State

This study was carried out in order to assess the use of solar tent dryer in some selected fishing settlement (Yobe, Daban Masara, Tumbun Beriberi and fish Dam) in Kukawa Local Government. Secondary and Primary data were used in this research. Secondary data were obtained from various literatues while primary data were obtained through the use of structured questionnaires. A total number of 60 respondents were randomly selected and interviewed: Fifteen from each settlement (fish processors). Simple percentages were used in analyzing the data. Findings revealed that, majority of the respondents (fish processors) 80% were not aware of the existence of solar tent dryer that can be used for drying fish, only 20% were aware of solar tent dryer.Among these respondents who are aware of solar tent dryer, only 3.33% have used it. The general perceptions of the respondents believe that they will use it if they are provided with the solar tent dryer. The level of awareness on the use of solar tent dryer for fish processing is very low, there is need for intensive awareness creation, through fishery extension workers

Atherogenic risk pattern among Nigerian hypertensive and diabetic patients undergoing follow-up visit in a tertiary hospital

Objectives: Cardiovascular risk can be predicted using lipid ratios such as the atherogenic index which is defined as the base 10 logarithm of the ratio of plasma triglyceride (TG) to high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) – it is a useful prognostic parameter for guiding timely interventions and has also been employed as a predictor of cardiovascular risk. However, this is rarely used in the clinical practice in developing countries including Nigeria.Methods: This study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study of 382 hypertensive and diabetic patients attending outpatient clinics of a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Atherogenic risk profile, was categorized as low risk (<0.1), intermediate risk (0.1–0.24), and high risk (>0.24). Predictors were established using regression analysis. Level of significance was set at p-value of <0.05 and 95% confidence interval.Results: The mean age of participants was 56±12 years, 31.4% of participants had high atherogenic risk. This was higher among female patients (60.0%). Participants with high TC, high LDL, uncontrolled blood pressure had odds of 1.64, 1.43 and 1.17 times of developing high atherogenic risk respectively.Conclusion: A significant proportion of participants in this study population were at risk of developing atherosclerosis. Key identified populations at risk of CVD should be considered for routine artherogenic assessment.Keywords: Atherogenic, indices, hypertension, diabete

Non-galactorrhoeic hyperprolactinaemia in subfertile female patients: A Nigerian tertiary hospital's experience

Non-galactorrhoeic hyperprolactinaemia is one of the major causes of infertility, usually overlooked worldwide. Observed increasing incidence and prevalence, result in high medical cost and poor outcome of infertility treatment.  The high possibility of missing this clinical entity which is usually a biochemical diagnosis need to be critically looked into as there is paucity of data in this aspect thus necessitating this study.A cross sectional study of eighty-seven (87) sub-fertile females with age range of 31 and 42 years attending the Assisted Reproductive Unit of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (U.I.T.H) Ilorin, Nigeria were recruited for the study. Their descriptive parameters and information were extracted from their hospital folders.Forty-eight (55.2%) of the 87 of the subfertile females had hyperprolactinaemia without galactorrhoea while thirty-nine (44.8%) had galactorrhoeic hyperprolactinaemia. Mean ages of galactorrhoeic and non-galactorrhoeic hyperprolactinaemia patients were 39.2±6.1 and 37.3±6.9 respectively, and when they were compared there was no statistically significant difference with p-value of 0.194. There was significant positive correlation between age, duration and serum level of prolactin in both galactorrhoeic and non-galactorrhoeic hyperprolactinaemia.We concluded that non-galactorrhoeic hyperprolactinaemia is an hidden common cause of infertility and an appraisal of this clinical entity is important more so that it is the major presentation of hyperprolactinaemia in our study. The import of the study therefore is that person with suspected case of infertility should be investigated for hyperprolactinaemia even in the absence of galactorrhea as well as holistic interpretation of hormonal profile as prompt and proper treatment will yield a fruitful result. Keywords: Non-galactorrhoeic Hyperprolactinaemia, Subfertile females, Assisted Reproductive Uni

Serum Malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzymes as bioindicator of oxidative stress in women with PCOS at UITH, Ilorin

Several studies showed circulating oxidative markers being significantly high in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) women when compared with women without PCOS thus oxidative markers may be considered as potential inducer of PCOS pathogenesis. However some previous studies show inconsistent findings among PCOS patients hence, more studies are necessary to further investigate such relationships involving antioxidants and PCOS, especially in our clime where there is paucity of data relating PCOS and oxidative stress marker. Our aim therefore, was to determine the activities of oxidative stress markers in patients with PCOS. This prospective study was carried out on 45 female clients with PCOS aged between 27 and 50 years and their results were compared with 45 healthy age matched controls. The serum was used to estimate the levels of Malondialdehide (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione S-reductase (GSH), activities in both patients and controls. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The mean serum levels of SOD, MDA and GSH were statistically significantly higher in women with PCOS than in control. There was statistically significant positive correlation between Folicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Leutenizing Hormone (LH), SOD, MDA and Age. Higher serum MDA, SOD and GSH levels in PCOS patients compared with the controls in this study, similar to previous studies may be attributed to a compensatory response by the body's defense mechanisms to higher circulating levels of oxidants. No statistical significance difference in the mean catalase activity when PCOS patients were compared with controls. In conclusion, serum MDA and antioxidant enzymes are higher in PCOS patients, pointing to the fact that oxidative stress is more prevalent among these patients with PCOS, therefore it will not be out of place to evaluate with PCOS for oxidative stress, irrespective of their reproductive disorders

Lipid Profile in Subfertile Clients with Premature Ovarian Failure: University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Experience

Background: Premature Ovarian Failure (POF) is associated with a higher incidence of cardiovascular events later in life. Concurrent with the ages of menopausal transition, a shift in lipid profile takes place. The increased burden may be mediated by a worsening of cardiovascular risk factors, such as lipids, corresponding with the loss of ovarian function. Aim and Objectives: To investigate serum lipid and hormonal levels in women with premature ovarian failure and compare with those of apparently healthy women of similar age. Material and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional one in which serum fasting Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) and Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were measured in 50 women with POF and compared with 40 age matched control. Serum hormonal profiles were compared with lipid profiles and biomarkers of atherogenic index were assessed. Results:Women with POF present with statistically significant elevations in the mean values of serum FSH and LH, when compared with those of controls (p<0.001), while there were significant decrease in mean levels of serum prolactin, progesterone, testosterone and oestradiol when subjects were compared with controls (p<0.001). There were statistically significant elevations in serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C and LDL-C, in premature ovarian failure subjects when compared with controls (p<0.001). There was statistically significantly difference when mean values of artherogenic index and Castelli ratio II of subjects were compared with those of controls. Conclusion: Loss of ovarian function at a very young age (POF) was characterized with subtle changes in the serum lipid profile (higher TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C levels). It also shows that atherogenic index and Castelli ratio II are better tools for assessment of atherogenicity than CHD risk ratio and Castelli ratio I in patients with POF

Clinical Manifestations of Hypovitaminosis-D in Paediatric Patients Attending Nizamiye Hospital, Abuja: A 2-Years' Appraisal

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