Investigating the Barriers to Political Socialization of Cultural Women in Ahvaz

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the barriers to political socialization of cultural women by survey method. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of cultural women in Ahvaz includes 8763 people and the sample size based on Cochran's formula is 368 people, which have been determined as a sample and have been studied using multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. Face validity was used to determine the validity of the questionnaire and Cronbach's alpha was used to determine its reliability. The results of the research are presented in two descriptive and inferential parts through SPSS 18 software. Findings: The research findings show that there is a significant relationship between women's political socialization and gender socialization variables, value preferences, political self-confidence, and power structure in the paternal family. The correlation coefficients between them are 0.138, 0.440, 0.158, and -0.184, respectively, and their significance levels are 0.05, 0.01, 0.01 and 0.01, respectively. Conclusion: We conclude that different gender socialization of women, value preferences, women's self-confidence, and power structure in the paternal family are among the barriers to political socialization

Conjugated linoleic acid loaded nanostructured lipid carrier as a potential antioxidant nanocarrier for food applications

The encapsulation of fatty acids in nanocarrier systems is a very effective technique in improving their biological efficiency and controlled delivery. Nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) is a major type of lipid-based nanoparticle. This study is focused on producing nanolipid carrier containing conjugated linoleic acid and fortifying low-fat milk using this nanoparticle. Nanostructured lipid carriers were produced by hot high-shear homogenization containing 1.5% Poloxamer 407, cocoa butter as solid lipid, and conjugated linoleic acid as liquid oil in ratio of 10:1. Results showed that the nanoparticles sized 81 nm with monomodular dispersity and the system was stable at 4 and 22°C for 40 days. Zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) were −15.8 mV and 98.2%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the particles are in spiral form and small size and no significant aggregation was observed because of few changes in the system turbidity after storage time. The result of oxidative stability showed that using Nanostructured lipid carriers system resulted in lower malone dialdehyde production. Conjugated linoleic acid was protected at level of 3.9% of milk fatty acids in Nanostructured lipid carrier formulation during storage time. Based on these findings, Nanostructured lipid carriers system is an appropriate and stable nanocarrier system for delivery of nutraceuticals in foods and can be used in protecting them against oxidation, heating, and other processes in order to fortify foods and beverages

پیامد 500 مورد ابتلای همزمان به کووید 19 و ترومای متعدد؛ یک نامه به سردبیر

بیش از دو سال از شروع پاندمی کرونا می گذرد و هنوز زوایای زیادی از این بیماری برای نظام سلامت مجهول مانده است. این بیماری بار مالی و جانی قابل توجهی را به کشورها تحمیل نموده و قسمت عمده ای از تحقیقات نظام سلامت را معطوف به خود ساخته است. بر اساس گزارشات رسمی، تا روز ۱۵بهمن ۱۴۰۰ در مجموع ۲۲۴ کشور جهان درگیر کرونا بوده اند که مجموع مبتلایان سراسر جهان ۳۸۹ میلیون نفر و در ایران ۶۴۳۸۰۰۰ نفر و مجموع جانباختگان جهان    ۵۷۳۲۰۰۰ نفر و در ایران  ۱۳۲۶۲۴ نفر رسیده است

Effects of Air Pollution on Public and Private Health Expenditures in Iran: A Time Series Study (1972-2014)

Objectives Environmental pollution is a negative consequence of the development process, and many countries are grappling with this phenomenon. As a developing country, Iran is not exempt from this rule, and Iran pays huge expenditures for the consequences of pollution. The aim of this study was to analyze the long- and short-run impact of air pollution, along with other health indicators, on private and public health expenditures. Methods This study was an applied and developmental study. Autoregressive distributed lag estimating models were used for the period of 1972 to 2014. In order to determine the co-integration between health expenditures and the infant mortality rate, fertility rate, per capita income, and pollution, we used the Wald test in Microfit version 4.1. We then used Eviews version 8 to evaluate the stationarity of the variables and to estimate the long- and short-run relationships. Results Long-run air pollution had a positive and significant effect on health expenditures, so that a 1.00% increase in the index of carbon dioxide led to an increase of 3.32% and 1.16% in public and private health expenditures, respectively. Air pollution also had a greater impact on health expenditures in the long term than in the short term. Conclusions The findings of this study indicate that among the factors affecting health expenditures, environmental quality and contaminants played the most important role. Therefore, in order to reduce the financial burden of health expenditures in Iran, it is essential to reduce air pollution by enacting and implementing laws that protect the environment