Causes of Sexual Dysfunction among Married Women as Expressed by Nurses in Public Health Institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria

This study examined the causes of sexual dysfunction among married women as expressed by nurses in health institutions in Kwara State. A total of 210 Nurses from the General Hospitals in Ilorin, Lafiagi and Offa representing the three senatorial districts in Kwara State participated in the study. The instrument used to collect data was Cause of Sexual Dysfunction among Married Women Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using frequency count, simple percentage and t-test statistics. Three research hypotheses were tested at 0.05 levels of significance. The result of the findings indicated that there was no significant difference in the perception of causes of sexualdysfunction among respondents on the basis of sex, religion and educational qualification. It was recommended that couples who experience any form of sexual discomfort at any stage of their marital relationship should seek professional assistance from medical doctors and marital counselors, since most of the causes identified are either medical or psychological.Key words: Sex, sexual dysfunction, married women, public health institution

Guidance and Behaviour Management in early Childhood: Need for Reform in Child Care Development Education

Education is a life time experience acquired right from birth till the time of death. It is a life long journey which ought to start from the moment a child is born till his/she breaths his/her last. Guidance is a generic term for all the helping services provided (ideally) by the counsellor to the individual in need of direction, instruction, guide or information to enable him or her understand himself, his world, his challenges/or opportunities as a way of leading meaningful life. Behaviour management is the act of guiding both the process of behaviour development and the general behaviour manifestation of children under the childcare development programme of the Federal Government. This paper examines the concept of guidance and behaviour management with particular reference to the issue of childcare development. A critical appraisal of the concept and current practice reveals a dare need for reformation of our education system to ensure inculcation of purposive, responsible and culturally relevant behaviour in the children for whom early child care development centres are established. It was observed that there is still room for great improvement in the process of delivering child care development education and thus, the need for educational reform to be extended to this area. Key Words: Behaviour management, Child care, Child care development education, Education, Guidance

Sexual dysfunction among married couples living in Kumasi metropolis, Ghana

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Sexuality and its manifestation constitute some of the most complex of human behaviour and its disorders are encountered in community. Sexual dysfunction is more prevalent in women than in men. While studies examining sexual dysfunction among males and females in Ghana exist, there are no studies relating sexual problems in males and females as dyadic units. This study therefore investigated the prevalence and type of sexual disorders among married couples.</p> <p>Method</p> <p>The study participants consisted of married couples between the ages of 19 and 66 living in the province of Kumasi, Ghana. Socio-demographic information and Golombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS) questionnaires were administered to 200 couples who consented to take part in the study. All 28 questions of the GRISS are answered on a five-point (Likert type) scale from "always", through "usually', "sometimes", and "hardly ever", to "never". Responses are summed up to give a total raw score ranging from 28-140. The total score and subscale scores are transformed using a standard nine point scale, with high scores indicating greater problems. Scores of five or more are considered to indicate SD. The study was conducted between July and September 2010.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Out of a total of 200 married couples, 179 completed their questionnaires resulting in a response rate of 89.5%. The mean age of the participating couples as well as the mean duration of marriage was 34.8 ± 8.6 years and 7.8 ± 7.6 years respectively. The husbands (37.1 ± 8.6) were significantly older (p < 0.0001) than their corresponding wives (32.5 ± 7.9). After adjusting for age, 13-18 years of marriage life poses about 10 times significant risk of developing SD compared to 1-6 years of married life among the wives (OR: 10.8; CI: 1.1 - 49.1; p = 0.04). The total scores (6.0) as well as the percentage above the cut-off (59.2) obtained by the husbands compared to the total score (6.2) and the percentage above cut-off (61.5) obtained by the wives, indicates the likely presence of sexual dysfunction. The prevalence of impotence and premature ejaculation were 60.9% and 65.4% respectively from this study and the prevalence of vaginismus and anorgasmia were 69.3% and 74.9% respectively. The highest prevalence of SD subscales among the men was dissatisfaction with sexual act followed by infrequency, whereas the highest among the women was infrequency followed by anorgasmia. Dissatisfaction with sexual intercourse among men correlated positively with anorgasmia and wife's non-sensuality and infrequency of sex.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in married couples is comparable to prevalence rates in the general male and female population and is further worsened by duration of marriage. This could impact significantly on a couple's self-esteem and overall quality of life.</p