42,297 research outputs found
Multipartite entanglement detection in bosons
We propose a simple quantum network to detect multipartite entangled states
of bosons, and show how to implement this network for neutral atoms stored in
an optical lattice. We investigate the special properties of cluster states,
multipartite entangled states and superpositions of distinct macroscopic
quantum states that can be identified by the network.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Hipparcos distances of Ophiuchus and Lupus cloud complexes
We combine extinction maps from the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) with
Hipparcos and Tycho parallaxes to obtain reliable and high-precision estimates
of the distance to the Ophiuchus and Lupus dark complexes. Our analysis, based
on a rigorous maximum-likelihood approach, shows that the rho-Ophiuchi cloud is
located at (119 +/- 6) pc and the Lupus complex is located at (155 +/- 8) pc;
in addition, we are able to put constraints on the thickness of the clouds and
on their orientation on the sky (both these effects are not included in the
error estimate quoted above). For Ophiuchus, we find some evidence that the
streamers are closer to us than the core. The method applied in this paper is
currently limited to nearby molecular clouds, but it will find many natural
applications in the GAIA-era, when it will be possible to pin down the distance
and three-dimensional structure of virtually every molecular cloud in the
Galaxy.Comment: A&A in press - Corrected typo (Lupus distance) in the electronic
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Fisher matrix forecasts for astrophysical tests of the stability of the fine-structure constant
We use Fisher Matrix analysis techniques to forecast the cosmological impact
of astrophysical tests of the stability of the fine-structure constant to be
carried out by the forthcoming ESPRESSO spectrograph at the VLT (due for
commissioning in late 2017), as well by the planned high-resolution
spectrograph (currently in Phase A) for the European Extremely Large Telescope.
Assuming a fiducial model without variations, we show that ESPRESSO
can improve current bounds on the E\"{o}tv\"{o}s parameter---which quantifies
Weak Equivalence Principle violations---by up to two orders of magnitude,
leading to stronger bounds than those expected from the ongoing tests with the
MICROSCOPE satellite, while constraints from the E-ELT should be competitive
with those of the proposed STEP satellite. Should an variation be
detected, these measurements will further constrain cosmological parameters,
being particularly sensitive to the dynamics of dark energy.Comment: Phys. Lett. B (in press
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