Estudo agroecológico de agricultoras familiares de base ecológica no sudoeste da Amazônia (Outro Preto do Oeste, Rondônia).

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Agroforestry systems and food security among smallholder farmers of the Brazilian Amazon: a strategy for environmental global crisis.

The Amazon is known for its environmental importance for the climatic equilibrium, for its abundance and richness in biodiversity and its preservation is important to reduce global heating. Nevertheless, little research has analysed the possible positive role of the local farm population for environmental conservation. The paper investigates the possibility to conciliate the environmental conservation with the small farming expansion in the Amazon, to build agrobiodiversity, and at the same time improve food security. This social practice consequently would contribute to the reduction of deforestation and could thus falsify the old diagnosis of incriminating the poor farmers for forest and soil destruction. The study was conducted by the Associação de Produtores Alternativos, localized in territory of Ouro Preto d? Oeste, Rondônia, in the Southwest of the Amazon. The study documented a number of forest preservation and agroecological methods used and concludes that institutional support to strengthening of social organization and local sustainable development projects is fundamental for the consolidation and amplification of the ecological experiences in the Amazon

Agroecologia, movimento social, ciência, práticas e políticas públicas: uma abordagem comparativa.

Resumo: Nos últimos anos tanto no Brasil, como na França o tema da agroecologia tem ganhado forte visibilidade na sociedade e ocupado espaços importantes em programas e ações de desenvolvimento rural, bem como, no mundo da pesquisa científica, ensino e no movimento social. Diante desse fato, o objetivo do nosso artigo é o de apresentar os primeiros resultados do projeto Capes-Cofecub 1. Primeiramente, analisaremos numa perspectiva cruzada ? da sociologia e das ciências agrárias -, a evolução e a dinâmica da agroecologia, indicando as principais ações em curso tendo em conta o processo de institucionalização e estruturação crescente da agroecologia no Brasil e na França. Em seguida, proporemos uma reflexão em torno da agroecologia e ética. Abstract: In recent years, in Brazil as in France the theme of agroecology has gained high visibility in society and occupied important places in programs and rural development actions, as well as in the world of scientific research, education and social movement. Given this fact, the goal of our article is to present the first results of the project CAPES- COFECUB. First, from an interdisciplinary perspective cross- (sociology and the agronomic sciences), we analyze the evolution and dynamics of agroecology, indicating the main actions in the process of increasing institutionalization and structuring of agroecology in Brazil and France. Then, we propose a reflection on the perscpectiveconclude with the issue of agroecology and scientific ethics

Peanut-shaped bulges in face-on disk galaxies

We present high resolution absorption-line spectroscopy of 3 face-on galaxies, NGC 98, NGC 600, and NGC 1703 with the aim of searching for box/peanut (B/P)-shaped bulges. These observations test and confirm the prediction of Debattista et al. (2005) that face-on B/P-shaped bulges can be recognized by a double minimum in the profile of the fourth-order Gauss-Hermite moment h_4. In NGC 1703, which is an unbarred control galaxy, we found no evidence of a B/P bulge. In NGC 98, a clear double minimum in h_4 is present along the major axis of the bar and before the end of the bar, as predicted. In contrast, in NGC 600, which is also a barred galaxy but lacks a substantial bulge, we do not find a significant B/P shape.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure. To appear in "Tumbling, twisting, and winding galaxies: Pattern speeds along the Hubble sequence", E. M. Corsini and V. P. Debattista (eds.), Memorie della Societa` Astronomica Italian

Comparing organic urban consumers in developing and developed countries : First results in Brazil and France.

Despite numerous studies reporting on sustainable consumption or organic consumer profiles, there is a gap in thorough understanding of organic consumers in different places, since most of studies only investigate organic consumption in most developed countries. The goal of this paper is thus to compare French and Brazilian organic consumers, so as to know if people think and behave differently or similarly in different places. Individual interviews were conducted in each country, with consumers in organic producers market in Brazil, and consumers who buy organic products from farmers markets or local organic food network in France. Products were selected to cover examples of different choice situations such as imported organic products that compete with comparable products of local origin, or organic local products in supermarkets that compete with similar products from other distribution outlets. Results show common consumer concerns such as quality or personal and family health, and common preference for local and organic products but for different reasons. However, results also shed light on different patterns related to environmental concerns or commitment to supporting small or local farmers. The impacts of the findings of this study relate to a diversity of topics such as social mobilization for sustainable agriculture, local organic food networks and environmental concerns

Caracterização de isolados de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) quanto à compatibilidade vegetativa e à patogenicidade em cultivares de bananeira diferenciadoras de raça no Brasil.

Murcha de Fusarium é causada por Fusarium oxysporum f . sp. cubense (Foc), um patógeno altamente variável. Porém, o efeito da heterocariose sobre a classificação taxonômica e a importância da formação de um heterocário entre isolados selvagens de espécies de Fusarium ainda não é clara e permanece amplamente debatida. Assim como a recombinação parassexual tem sido relatada em F . oxysporum. f . sp. cubense , para explicar as relações genéticas entre isolados pertencentes à mesma raça ou formae specialis. Grupos assexuais isolados geneticamente e identificados nestes estudos, são denominados de grupos de compatibilidade vegetativa (GCV). P orém, outra forma de determinação de raças deste patógeno, tem sido através de variedades indicadoras, utilizando-se as variedades Gros Michel para a Raça 1; Bluggoe para a Raça 2; Grande Naine para a Raça 4. O presente estudo teve como objetivos determinar a diversidade genética entre isolados de Foc, através destas duas técnicas, de forma a identificar quais as raças do patógeno, que de fato existem no Brasil. A análise genética, foi feita com base na técnica de UPGMA, utilizando-se o coeficiente de similaridade de Jaccard. A técnica de GCV permitiu agrupar os isolados das Regiões Nordeste e Sudeste do Brasil no GCV 1 e os da Região Norte, no GCV 2. Enquanto que, o teste de patogenicidade permitiu determinar a presença da raça 1, através de sua patogenicidade em Gros Michel e da raça 4, em Grande Naine. Além de, agrupá-las dentro dos mesmos GCV