Separation of CO2/CH4 through Carbon Tubular Membranes: Effect of Carbonization Temperature

Carbon membranes have received much attention as advance materials in the gas separation technology due to their superior gas permeation performance and thermal and chemical stability. In order to increase the mechanical strength of the membrane, supported carbon membrane were produced using ceramic tube as support layer. Carbon tubular membranes were produced by carbonizing polymeric tubular membrane under different process parameter. In this study, carbon tubular membranes originating from Matrimid were prepared and characterized n term of its gas permeation properties. The preparation method involved dip-coating of the ceramic tubes with a Matrimid-based solution. The carbon tubular membranes were obtained by carbonization of the resultant polymeric tubular membrane under Argon gas flow in the horizontal tube furnace. The effects of the carbonization temperature on the gas permeation performance were investigated. Pure gas permeation tests were performed using CO2 and CH4 at room temperature with pressure 8 bars. The permeance and selectivity data indicate that the highest CO2/CH4 selectivity of 87.30 was obtained for carbon tubular membrane prepared at carbonization temperature of 850 ºC

STRUCTURAL AND CHARACTERIZATION POLYACRYLONITRILE NANOFIBER FOR AIR FILTRATION ASSEMBLED BY ELECTROSPINNING

In electrospinning, the structure of nanofibers, which is affected by polymer solution parameters and processing conditions, influences the physical characteristics of nanofiber mats. In this study, under optimum conditions of electrospinning, the concentration of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was changed 14, 16 and 18 wt %, and its effects on the nanofiber diameter and pore size of nanofiber mats were studied. The results showed that increasing the PAN polymer concentration enhanced the nanofiber diameter and pore diameter of nanofiber mats. Keywords: electrospinning; concentrations; pore siz

STRUCTURAL AND CHARACTERIZATION POLYACRYLONITRILE NANOFIBER FOR AIR FILTRATION ASSEMBLED BY ELECTROSPINNING

In electrospinning, the structure of nanofibers, which is affected by polymer solution parameters and processing conditions, influences the physical characteristics of nanofiber mats. In this study, under optimum conditions of electrospinning, the concentration of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was changed 14, 16 and 18 wt %, and its effects on the nanofiber diameter and pore size of nanofiber mats were studied. The results showed that increasing the PAN polymer concentration enhanced the nanofiber diameter and pore diameter of nanofiber mats.  Keywords: electrospinning; concentrations; pore siz

Microcredit, Technology Adoption and Economic Development of Rural Household

The main objective of this study is to investigate either Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM) microcredit has led to the technology adoption and increase of rural household economy, particularly in household monthly income among its participants. This study was conducted in Melaka based on a sample of 200 participants. The findings of the study show that the AIM microcredit had a significant impact on technology adoption and increased the participant household monthly income in Melaka. The findings suggest that AIM microcredit is still relevant and plays an important role in increasing rural household monthly income, inculcate entrepreneurship among women and reduced poverty. Therefore, the Malaysian government should enact the relevant policies and give supports to enhance the effectiveness and outreach of microcredit

Measuring pressure interface of local car seats under static and dynamic circumstances: a comparative study

Measuring discomfort towardthe car seat is important as the act of driving requires a driver to remain at the car seat while controlling the car. The seat condition, including sitting position as well as the driver’s posture can lead to discomfort and fatigue. The objective of this study is to investigate a driver’s pressure distribution in static and dynamic circumstances for two types of cars; the sedan and compact car. This study involved both subjective and objective evaluations of 12 respondents. For the subjective evaluation, the Visual Analog Scales (VAS) were used to obtain respondents' perception of discomfort. For the objective evaluation, pressure distribution readings of the seat interface were obtained using piezo capacitive sensors. The findings showed that the highest pressure was recorded for the compact car. Furthermore, the static circumstance showed greater pressure compared to the dynamic state. Subjective evaluation indicated that the right buttocks and the lower back (lumbar)experience the highest discomfort for both types of seats.The type of seat found to contribute to the value of different pressure. Thus, it can be concluded that appropriate seat selection can reduce pressure as well as discomfort

Polymer clay nanocomposites for gas separation: a review

Application of polymer clay nanocomposites for carbon dioxide (CO2) removal in gas separation by using mixed matrix membranes is promising due to the advancement of nanotechnology and polymer processing. In this regard, as clay is abundantly available, cheaper and has attractive physical and chemical properties, the incorporation of these silicate layers within the polymer matrix as filler is favourable. In principle, the exfoliated clay single layers create higher tortuosity effects and may improve the separation properties of the membrane. This review presents a synopsis of the polymer clay nanocomposites development and applications as well as their potential for the removal of CO2 from gas mixtures. Details of the recent works in the development of mixed matrix membranes embedded with clay for gas separation were also discussed. In addition, the problems and mechanism to evaluate the exfoliation properties were emphasized identifying the gaps and motivates for future research works utilizing clay nanoparticles as membrane fille

Exact solution for linear and nonlinear systems of PDEs by Homotopy-Perturbation method.

In this paper, the homotopy-perturbation method (HPM) proposed by J.-H. He is adopted for solving linear and nonlinear systems of partial differential equations (PDEs). In this method, a homotopy parameter p, which takes the values from 0 to 1, is introduced. When p = 0, the system of equations usually reduces to a sufficiently simplified form, which normally admits a rather simple solution. As p gradually increases to 1, the system goes through a sequence of 'deformations', the solution of each of which is 'close' to that at the previous stage of 'deformation'. Eventually at p = 1, the system takes the original form of the equation and the final stage of 'deformation' gives the desired solution. Some examples are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and simplicity of the method