Влияние ПАВ на термокрекинг тяжелого нефтяного сырья

Thermocracking of model heavy oil feedstock in presence of surfactants has been carried out. Gas, petrol and diesel fractions, liquid oil residue and coke have been obtained. Composition of gas and distillate fractions has been analyzed by the gas and liquid-gas chromatography methods. It has been determined, from thermocracking material balance data, that use of surfactants increases the yield of liquid fractions and decreases coke formation. A number of the physicochemical characteristics was been determined, for the purpose of distillate fractions' quality rating.Изучено влияние ПАВ катионной и неионогенной природы на термокрекинг модельного тяжелого нефтяного сырья, рассчитан материальный баланс этого процесса. Определены состав и свойства газообразных и жидких продуктов термокрекинга с помощью ряда хроматографических, титрометрических и других физико-химических методов. В результате установлено, что использование исследуемых ПАВ приводит к увеличению выхода жидких фракций и к снижению коксообразования, что позволит повысить эффективность и практическую целесообразность термической переработки тяжелых нефтяных продуктов

Influence of additives – oil tar modifiers on the oxidized bitumen adhesion to mineral materials

Petroleum tar was exposed to microwave irradiation or added with isopropyl alcohol and then oxidized to paving bitumen. The bitumen adhesion to mineral materials was investigated. Either of the two kinds of treatment enhanced the bitumen adhesion to marble chips and sand. The adhesion to the marble chips ran up to 5 points in contrast to 3 point of the sand adhesion magnitude. Addition of the alcohol to the tar promotes rise in alcohol benzene and benzene resins content in resulting bitumen to the greater exnent then the microwave irradiation which leads to reinforcing its bond with marble chips and sand

Additives-modifiers for intensification of oil straight-run distillation and heavy petroleum residues oxidation

Native oil atmospheric vacuum distillation in presence of the heavy pyrolysis tar (0.5–5.0 wt %) allows increasing the distillate fractions screening. Structural-group composition of the resulting residual oil product differs from the composition of the residue obtained by fractional distillation of the oil without the additive mostly due to aromatic structur es content increase. The modified residue oxidation runs more slowly and the product with lower melting point is formed