Epidemiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Fayoum Governorate-EgyptEpidemiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Fayoum Governorate-Egypt

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and the burden is expected to increase in coming years. HCC has become the second most prevalent cancer among men in Egypt. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence; identify the risk factors and detect clinical features of HCC in Fayoum governorate. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study with a convenient sample conducted at Tropical & Hepatology Medicine Department in Fayoum University Teaching Hospital. An interview structured questionnaire was used; thorough clinical examination with biochemical and serological investigation. The majority of cases came from rural area, farmers constituted 39.3% of cases. More than 90% of cases suffering from hepatic cirrhosis and more than half of cases having Bilhariziasis. Hepatitis C was the main aetiology 79.8%, followed by hepatitis B 15.4%. Most of focal lesions were in right lobe 57.1% and in the form of single lesion 57.1%. AFP was found to be a weak diagnostic predictor with low sensitivity. HCC was multifactorial pathogenesis with many risk factors (cirrhosis, HCV and schistosomiasis). HBV infection has a declining role in hepatocarcinogenesis. Proper surveillance program is needed for early detection and diagnosis of HC