10 research outputs found

    Pharmacokinetic and local toxicity studies of liposome-encapsulated and plain mepivacaine solutions in rats

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    FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOThe pharmacokinetics and the local toxicity of commercial and liposome-encapsulated mepivacaine formulations injected intra-orally in rats were studied. Animals were divided in groups (n=4-6) and treated with 0.1 mL of the formulations: 2% mepivacaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine (MVC(2%EPI)), 3% mepivacaine (MVC(3%)), and 2% liposome-encapsulated mepivacaine (MVC(LUV)). The results showed that the 2% liposome-encapsulated mepivacaine reduced C(max), prolonged AUC(0-infinity) and t(1/2) compared with 3% plain and 2% vasoconstritor-associated mepivacaine, after intraoral injection. In addition, it was also observed that liposomal mepivacaine might protect the tissue against local inflammation evoked by plain or vasoconstrictors-associated mepivacaine, giving supporting evidence for its safety and possible clinical use in dentistry1726876FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP [Proc 06/00121-9]2006/00121-9sem informaçã

    Blood glucose determination in normal and alloxan-diabetic rats after administration of local anesthetics containing vasoconstrictors

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    Normal and alloxan-diabetic rats were injected submucously in the posterior region of the upper jaw with bupivacaine (1.28 mg/kg) containing adrenaline (0.0012 mg/kg), or lignocaine (5.14 mg/kg) containing noradrenaline (0.005 mg/kg). Blood glucose was determined at zero (before administration), 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours after the administration of the anesthetics. Statistical analysis (ANOVA and Tukey's test, P < 0.05) showed significant differences between treatments at 1 hour in normal rats. Bupivacaine with adrenaline induced a significantly greater blood glucose level than lignocaine with noradrenaline. The effect was significant but of short duration. In alloxan-diabetic rats, anesthetics containing adrenaline or noradrenaline did not induce increased blood glucose levels.Normal and alloxan-diabetic rats were injected submucously in the posterior region of the upper jaw with bupivacaine (1.28 mg/kg) containing adrenaline (0.0012 mg/kg), or lignocaine (5.14 mg/kg) containing noradrenaline (0.005 mg/kg). Blood glucose was determined at zero (before administration), 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours after the administration of the anesthetics. Statistical analysis (ANOVA and Tukey's test, P < 0.05) showed significant differences between treatments at 1 hour in normal rats. Bupivacaine with adrenaline induced a significantly greater blood glucose level than lignocaine with noradrenaline. The effect was significant but of short duration. In alloxan-diabetic rats, anesthetics containing adrenaline or noradrenaline did not induce increased blood glucose levels91333

    Liposome-encapsulated ropivacaine for intraoral topical anesthesia

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    FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOThis study evaluated the efficacy of liposome-encapsulated 2% ropivacaine in topical anesthesia and its influence on pulpal response. Forty volunteers received the following topical formulations in the buccal fold of the maxillary lateral incisors region (bilaterally): liposome-encapsulated 2% ropivacaine gel (RL2); 20% benzocaine gel (B20); liposomal placebo gel (LP); and placebo gel (P). Formulations were kept in place for 30 minutes, during which time the teeth were electric pulp tested every 10 minutes. After this procedure, a dental needle was inserted until periosteum contact in the same site of topical application and pain was rated by a visual analog scale. Duration of soft tissue anesthesia was assessed by pinprick test. RL2 and B20 showed lower pain response to needle insertion and longer soft tissue anesthesia then P and LP (P = .0003 and P .05) regarding those parameters. None of the formulations was able to induce pulpal anesthesia. RL2 was as effective as B20 in reducing pain during needle insertion and inducing soft tissue anesthesia; however, neither one was able to induce pulpal anesthesia after a 30-min application. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT010545471106800804FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOFAPESP [06/00121-9, 06/53255-2]2006/00121-9; 2006/53255-

    Liposome-encapsulated ropivacaine for topical anesthesia of human oral mucosa

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    CNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOThe elimination of pain caused by needle insertion for local anesthesia would be a significant advance in dentistry. In this blinded cross-over study we evaluated the efficacy of liposome-encapsulated ropivacaine for topical anesthesia. Thirty healthy volunteers received 60 mg topical anesthetics: Liposome-encapsulated 1% ropivacaine, 1% plain ropivacaine, 2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine mixture (EMLA), and 20% benzocaine gel, in the buccal fold of the upper-right canine for 2 min in different sessions. After insertion of 30-G needles, pain was rated on a visual analog scale (VAS). A pinprick test was used to measure the duration of topical anesthesia. The pulpar response was assessed by an electric pulp tester. VAS median and interquartile range (in cm) were 0.8 (0.4-1.5), 1.6 (0.8 -2.6), 1.1 (0.3-2.7), 2.2 (0.9-2.9) for liposome-encapsulated ropivacaine, ropivacaine, EMLA, and benzocaine groups, respectively. The liposome-encapsulated ropivacaine group showed lower VAS mean values when compared with the benzocaine group (P = 0.0205). The median values and interquartile range for the duration of soft tissue anesthesia were 11 (7-14), 6.5 (4-11), 14 (11-16), and 7 (6-9) min for liposome- encapsulated ropivacaine, ropivacaine, EMLA, and benzocaine groups, respectively. EMLA and liposome-encapsulated ropivacaine were just as efficient for reducing pain, and showed longer soft tissue anesthesia when compared to the other local anesthetics (P = 0.0001). Liposomal-encapsulated 1% ropivacaine gel was equivalent to EMLA (R) for reducing pain during needle insertion and for the duration of soft tissue anesthesia. None of the topical anesthetics was effective for inducing pulpal anesthesia104615281531CNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOsem informaçã

    Anesthetic efficacy of articaine and lidocaine for incisive/mental nerve block

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    FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOThe incisive/mental nerve block (IMNB) could be an alternative to the inferior alveolar nerve block in the mandibular anterior teeth. The effectiveness of articaine has not been tested in IMNB. This prospective randomized double-blind crossover study compared the anesthetic efficacy of 0.6 mL 4% articaine and 2% lidocaine, both with 1:100.000 epinephrine administered as IMNB to 40 volunteers in two sessions. Pulpal anesthesia of lateral incisor through premolars was tested with an electric pulp tester. The injection and postoperative pain were evaluated by using visual analog scales. The onset (time from the end of injection to the absence of pulpal response) and duration of pulpal anesthesia (time recorded before two positive responses to the pulp tester) and the anesthesia success (two consecutive readings of 80 without response and onset minutes) were measured. Results: Articaine provided a higher success rate (p 0.05). Articaine promoted higher anesthesia success and longer duration of anesthesia than lidocaine for most of the teeth after IMNB although anesthesia success could be considered clinically appropriated only for premolars. The volume of local anesthetic used in the present study may not be appropriate for procedures lasting longer than 10 minutes363438441FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOFAPESP [2007/54376-0]2007/54376-
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