Development of a Functional Ferred Milk Product Enriched in Prebiotic and Vegetable Ingredients

Amaranth flour has a high biological value. Lactulose is a powerful bifidogenic factor. Our work was to develop a functional fermented milk product with the addition of prebiotic and plant components. The main physical and chemical parameters of the finished product are determined

A Descriptive Study of Technology Acquisition and Integration in Middle Atlantic Catholic Elementary Schools

Financing technology is an expensive and ongoing process due to constant upgrades and advancements that make yesterday's innovations obsolete. How Catholic elementary schools attempt to meet the financial challenge to provide necessary technological tools to their students is a concern expressed throughout the Catholic education community. The questions addressed in this study include: (1) how are Catholic elementary schools in the middle Atlantic states financing technology in their schools? (2) to what extent has technology been integrated into these schools? and (3) what are some of the factors, combined with funding, that have enabled or hindered technology integration within these schools? This study of middle Atlantic Catholic elementary schools was planned to include a survey of approximately two hundred sixty-four (264) schools within the Dioceses of Charlotte, Raleigh, Richmond, Arlington, Wilmington, and the Archdioceses of Washington, D.C. and Baltimore. However, only superintendents for the Dioceses of Charlotte, Richmond, and Arlington approved of the survey distribution in their systems. As a result, seventy-two (72) schools were surveyed in these three systems. The survey instrument contained questions designed to identify the methods of funding technology programs; the extent of technology use in the schools; any factors in addition to funding that have enabled technology integration; and any factors that have affected cost of technology in the school. Follow-up telephone interviews were conducted as needed. Candidates selected for interview were based on any notable survey responses. Descriptive statistics were obtained from the survey and telephone interview data and were placed on the Demographics, Technology Use and Integration, and Budget and Acquisition data collection charts. School demographics, staff development programs, percentage of budget designated for technology, and primary sources of technology funding were a few of the areas investigated. Although general references are available to Catholic school administrators regarding technology funding, this information is time consuming to read for application to locality and specifically to Catholic education. The data collected from this study will be sent to each school principal who returned a survey and will reveal technology trends and methods of funding that are specific to the middle Atlantic Catholic elementary schools. In addition, conclusions drawn from this study relative to funding methods, extent of technology integration, and factors that have enabled technology programs within the schools, provide the basis for future study.Ed. D

Sensitivity of herbicide-resistant rigid ryegrass (<i>Lolium rigidum</i>) populations to cinmethylin, a new herbicide site of action

AbstractRigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin) is the most problematic weed in Australia, with evolved resistance to multiple herbicide sites of action. Selection pressure by cinmethylin (Group 30, a fatty-acid thioesterase inhibitor) has been limited, because few populations have been exposed to the herbicide since its introduction in 2019. In this study, we examined the sensitivity of L. rigidum populations to this new herbicide. From a screening of almost 500 field populations in 2020, 28 potentially resistant populations were further investigated in a dose–response experiment. Seedlings from five populations surviving treatments of 250 or 375 g ai ha−1 cinmethylin were grown to maturity and seeds were harvested. The level of resistance found among the five putative-resistant parental populations of L. rigidum was negligible. In one population, one round of selection with cinmethylin resulted in a 2-fold increase in the lethal dose causing 50% mortality in the progeny population, although this dose was still only one-sixth of the recommended field rate of cinmethylin. Having a unique site of action, cinmethylin is a viable preemergence herbicide option to control existing multiple-resistance populations of L. rigidum. Comprehensive field monitoring and recurrent selection studies under controlled environmental conditions are needed to better ascertain the risk of L. rigidum evolving a high level of resistance to cinmethylin, although current data suggest that this risk is relatively low.</jats:p