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    The Origin of Korean Place Name dol

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    Nicholas Poppe, Introduction to Altaic Linguistics

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    Ural-Altaische Bibliothek 14, Otto arrassowitz, Wiesbaden, 1965. Pp. XIII+212์ด ์ฑ…์˜ ่‘—่€… ๋‹ˆ์ฝœ๋ผ์Šค ํฌํŽ˜ๆ•ŽๆŽˆ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋„ ์ด ๆ–น้ข์— ํŒ์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๅญธๅพ’๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ๋น„๊ต์  ๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ็พไปฃ์˜ ็ขฉๅญธ์ด๋‹ค. ๆ•ŽๆŽˆ๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ ๅ้ค˜ๅนด๋™์•ˆ์— ์•Œํƒ€์ด่ชžๅญธ์˜ ๅˆ†้‡Ž์— ๋‘๊ฐœ์˜ ํฐ ้‡Œ็จ‹ๆจ™๋ฅผ ์„ธ์› ์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1955ๅนด๊ณผ 1960ๅนด์— ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๊ฐ„ํ–‰ ๋œ Introduction to Mongolian Comparative Studies (Helsinki, 1955)์™€ Vergleichende Grammatik der altaischen Sprachen, Teil 1: Vergleichende Lautlehre (Wiesbaden,1960) ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค . ่’™ๅค่ชžๅญธ๊ณผ ์•Œํƒ€์ด่ชžๅญธ์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ็ถœๅˆ์—์˜ ่ฆๆœ› ์žˆ์–ด์˜จ ์ง€ ์˜ค๋ž˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ็ถœๅˆ์„ ์ด๋ฃฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ไฝ็ฝฎ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๅญธ่€…๋กœ์„œ ๆ•ŽๆŽˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๅญธ็•Œ์˜ ่ˆˆๆœ›์ด ์ปธ๋˜ ๋งŒํผ, ์ด ๅ…ฉๆ›ธ์˜ ๅ‡บ็พ์€ ๋œป๊นŠ์€ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ ์•„์ง ๊ทธ์˜ Vergleichende Grammatik์˜ ็ฌฌไบŒ้ƒจ (ๆฏ”่ผƒๅฝขๆ…‹่ซ–)๊ฐ€ ๆœชๅˆŠ์ด์–ด์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณง ไธŠๆข“๋˜์–ด ๊ทธ์— ์˜ํ•œ ็ถœๅˆ์ด ์ผ๋‹จ์˜ ๅฎŒๆˆ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๋งˆ์˜ด ๊ฐ„์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค

    ้Ÿ“ๅœ‹่ชž์™€ ๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชž์˜ ่ชžๅฝ™ๆฏ”่ผƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๅ†ๆชข่จŽ

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    ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ้Ÿ“ๅœ‹่ชž์˜ ็ณป็ตฑ์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ็ก็ฉถ์— ๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‘ ๅˆ†้‡Ž์ฆ‰ (1) ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์™€ ์•Œํƒ€์ด ่ซธ่ชž์˜ ๆฏ”่ผƒ (2) ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์™€ ๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชž์˜ ๆฏ”่ผƒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. 19์„ธ๊ธฐ์—์„œ 20์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ่จ€่ชž์™€ ๊ฒฐ๋ถ€์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๋Š” ่ฉฆๅœ–๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ์œ„์˜ ๋‘ ๅˆ†้‡Ž๋กœ ์••์ถ•๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ข…๋ž˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์€ (1)์— ์น˜์šฐ์ณ ์™”๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ็ณป็ตฑ์„ ๋ฐํž˜์— ์žˆ์–ด ไธ€ๆฌก็š„้‡่ฆ๋พฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ (1)์ด์š” (2)๋Š” ๅ‰ฏๆฌก็š„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค

    Remarks on the Mongolian Loan-Words in Korean

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    The aim of this paper is two-fold : first , to review the past studies on the Mongolian loan-words in Korean and, second, to discuss some of the problems that we meet when we undertake an extensive research on these loan-words. Although several examples of the Mongolian loan-words had been repeatedly mentioned by Korean writers ever since they were first introduced into Korean from the thirteenth century, the interest of modern scholars in the study of these loan-words was extremely limited. Besides the investigations on the words of Mongolian origin in the Koryo-sa(History of the Koryรต Dynasty) by Shiratori(1929) and Pelliot(1930), we can mention only Oguras studies on the names of horses and falcons(1930, 1941) , Sรตk Chu-Myรตngs list of Mongolian loan-words in the Cheju dialect (1946) and Ramstedts studies in Korean etymology(1949) which noted six Mongolian loan-words. It can be pointed out that both Ogura and Sรตk did not clearly distinguish Manchu and Mongolian as the donor language and their knowledge of Mongolian was more or less limited. In his earlier papers (1964, 1966, 1978) the author concentrated his efforts on the investigation of Mongolian loan-words in Middle Korean documents. It would be unreasonable to assume that a11 of the loan-words were recorded in Middle Korean documents . In fact, we find not a few words which are definitely of Mongolian origin in Modern Korean documents and present-day dialects. There are some words, however, which raise various doubts. In this paper the author discusses more than ten examples from Modern Korean documents and dialects, with special emphasis on establishing the rules of sound renderings between the donor and donee languages

    ๆผขๅญ—์˜ ้‡‹์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ็ ”็ฉถ

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    ๆผขๅญ—์˜ ้‡‹์ด๋ž€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ๋œ ๋งค์šฐ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ๅญ˜ๅœจ์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋ น ใ€Œๅคฉ ํ•˜๋Š˜์ฒœใ€์˜ใ€Œํ•˜๋Š˜ใ€๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๅ„ๆผขๅญ—์— ๅ‚ณ็ตฑ็š„์œผ๋กœ ๅ›บ็€๋˜์–ด ๊ทธ ๆ„ๅ‘ณ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๅœ‹่ชž ๅ–ฎ่ชž๋ฅผ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๅคไพ†๋กœ ่จ“์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ไธ‰ๅœ‹้บไบ‹(ๅท 1. ๆ–ฐ็พ…ๅง‹็ฅ– ่ตซๅฑ…ไธ–็Ž‹)์˜ ใ€Œๅพไผใ€ๅ‰ฒ่จป์— ไปŠไฟ—่จ“ไบฌ ๅญ—ไบ‘ๅพไผ์ด๋ผ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ์ค‘ ์˜ค๋žœ ไพ‹๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ้‡‹์ด๋ž€ ๋ง์€ ็ญ†่€…๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๋Š” ่จ“่’™ๅญ—ๆœƒ(ๅ‡กไพ‹)์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค. ๅ‡กไธ€ๅญ—ๆœ‰ๆ•ธ้‡‹่€… ๆˆ–ไธๅ–ๅธธ็”จไน‹้‡‹ ่€Œๅ…ˆๅญธๅˆฅ็พฉ็‚บ็”จ่€… ไปฅไปŠๆ‰€ๅœจๆญคไธๅœจๅฝผไนŸ". ์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ์ด ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋˜ ๋” ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šฐ๋‚˜ ่ฟ‘ไธ– ๆœ้ฎฎ์—์„œ๋Š” ้‡‹๊ณผ ่จ“์ด ๋‹ค ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๅพŒ่ฟฐํ•  ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๆผขๅญ์˜ ้‡‹์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ๅฝขๆˆ๋˜์–ด ๆ—ฅๆœฌ์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๆ—ฅๆœฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๅคไพ†๋กœ ่จ“์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๅคไปฃ์—๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋„ ่จ“์ด๋ž€ ๋ง์ด ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ธก๋œ๋‹ค

    ๅ…ง่จ“์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ

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    ๆˆๅฎ— 6ๅนด(1475)์— ๆ˜ญๆƒ ็Ž‹ๅŽ(ไป็ฒนๅคงๅฆƒ)๊ฐ€ ํŽธ์ฐฌํ•œ ๅ…ง่จ“์€ ๆ—ฅๆœฌ ่“ฌๅทฆๆ–‡ๅบซ ๆ‰€่—ๆœฌ์ด ๅฝฑๅฐ๋œ ์ด๋ž˜ ไธญไธ–ๅœ‹่ชž ่ณ‡ๆ–™์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์ด์šฉ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค. ์ข…๋ž˜ ๅœ‹ๅ…ง์—์„œ๋Š” ่ฌๆ›† 39ๅนด(ๅ…‰ๆตทๅ› 3ๅนด, 1611)์˜ ๅ…ง่ณœ่จ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฑ…(์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๅฅŽ็ซ ้–ฃ ๆ‰€่—)์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ด๋ฅธ ็‰ˆๆœฌ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์™”๋Š”๋ฐ, ่“ฌๅทฆๆ–‡ๅบซๆœฌ์€ ่ฌๆ›† ๅ…ƒๅนด(ๅฎฃ็ฅ– 6ๅนด, 1573) 12ๆœˆ์˜ ๅ…ง่ณœ่จ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๅฃฌ่พฐๅ‰์˜ ็‰ˆๆœฌ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์ฑ…์€ ๅฃฌ่พฐๅ‰์˜ ์ฑ…์˜ ้€šไพ‹๋Œ€๋กœ ไฝ›้ปž์ด ์žˆ์Œ์ด ๋‹๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๅญธ็•Œ์—์„œ ๅ…ง่จ“์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์œผ๋ก€ ์ด ่“ฌๅทฆๆ–‡ๅบซๆœฌ์„ ๋“ค์–ด ๋งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค

    ๅไธ‰ไธ–็ด€ ไธญ่‘‰์˜ ๅœ‹่ชž ่ณ‡ๆ–™ - ้„•่—ฅๆ•‘ๆ€ฅๆ–น์˜ ๅƒนๅ€ผ -

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    ๅœ‹่ชž์˜ ๏ฆŒๅฒ็š„ ็ก็ฉถ๋Š” ๅไบ”ไธ–็ด€ ์ด์ „์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ๏ฅชๆผ ํ•ด์ง„๋‹ค. ่ณ‡ๆ–™์˜ ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ็ผบไน์ด ๋ถ€ํ”ผ ์žˆ๋Š” ๏ฆŒๅฒ๋ฅผ ์—ฎ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ไธๅฏ่ƒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์ด๋ผ๋„ ๅ…‹ๆœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ”์ณ์ง„ ๅŠชๅŠ›์€ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์ ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ไฝœๆฅญ-์ƒˆ ่ณ‡ๆ–™์˜ ็™ผๆŽ˜๊ณผ ์ด๋ฏธ ็™ผๆŽ˜๋œ ่ณ‡ๆ–™๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๏ฅงๆ–ทํ•œ ๅ†ๆชข่จŽ๊ฐ€ ํ–‰ํ•ด์ ธ ์™”๋‹ค. ้›žๆž—๏งไบ‹๋‚˜ ๆœ้ฎฎ้คจ่ญฏ่ชž ๋Œ€ํ•œ ็ก็ฉถๅฒ๋ฅผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๏ฆต๋กœ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ้›žๆž—๏งไบ‹๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ(๊ฐ€๋ น ๏งกๆœ ๅพŒๅŠๆœŸ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๆ–‡็ป์— ้›žๆž—๏งไบ‹๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ๅผ•็”จ์ด ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค) ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ ๅญธ่€…๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์™”๊ณ  ๋Š์ž„์—†๋Š” ๆณจ็›ฎ์˜ ๅฐ่ฑก์ด ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค. ้›žๆž—๏งไบ‹์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์€ ๅœ‹่ชžๅฒ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๆ™‚ๆœŸ ์ฆ‰ ้ซ˜้บ—ๅ…ฑ้€š่ชž๊ฐ€ ๅฝขๆˆ๋œ ๆ™‚ๆœŸ์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋Š” ่ณ‡ๆ–™์ธ๋ฐ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๅœ‹่ชž(ๅ…ฑ้€š่ชž)๋Š” ์ด ้ซ˜้บ—ๅ…ฑ้€š่ชž์˜ ์ง์ ‘์  ็นผ็บŒ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ่ฏๅคท่ญฏ่ชž ์ค‘์˜ ๆœ้ฎฎ้คจ่ญฏ่ชž๋Š” ๋น„๊ต์  ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๊ทธ ๅญ˜ๅœจ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๋ ค์กŒ๊ณ  ํŠนํžˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๅœ‹่ชžๅญธ่€…๋“ค์˜ ์ƒˆ์‚ผ์Šค๋Ÿฐ ๆณจ็›ฎ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด ๆ•ธๅนดไพ†์˜ ์ผ์ด๋‹ค

    ้›žๆž—้กžไบ‹์˜ ๅ†ๆชข่จŽ - ์ฃผ๋กœ ้Ÿณ้Ÿปๅฒ์˜ ่ง€้ปž์—์„œ

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    ้›žๆž—๏งไบ‹์˜ ๅญ˜ๅœจ๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ ๅญธ่€…๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€๋ น ๆฌŠๆ–‡ๆตท์˜ ๅคงๆฑ้Ÿปๅบœ็พค็Ž‰(1588)์—๋Š” ่ชช้ƒ›์˜ ๆ‰€ๆ”ถ์˜ ้›žๆž—๏ง้ (์•ž์œผ๋กœ ้ กไบ‹๋ผ ็•ฅ็จฑ)๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๅผ•็”จ์ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ”, ์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ไธญๅœ‹์—์„œ ๅ‚ณไพ†๋œ ๏งไบ‹์˜ ์–ด๋Š ็พๅญ˜ๆœฌ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๅนดไปฃ็š„์œผ๋กœ ์•ž์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๅคงๆฑ้Ÿปๅบœ็พค็Ž‰์ดํ›„๋กœ๋Š” ๆตทๆฑ็นนๅฒ(ๅท28)์— ้กžไบ‹(ๅคไปŠๅœ–ๆ›ธ้›†ๆˆๆœฌ ๆ–น่จ€้ƒจๅˆ†)๊ฐ€ ๆ”ถ้Œ„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•˜์—ฌ ๆ–ท็‰‡็š„ ๅผ•็”จ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๆ–‡็ป์—์„œ ๆ•ฃ่ฆ‹๋˜๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ่žๅŒ–ๆœŸ์—๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด์–ด์ ธ ๋‚ด๋ ค ์™”์Œ์„ ็ขบ่ชํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ณ  ์ด ้กžไบ‹๊ฐ€ ่ฅฟๆด‹ไบบ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ์ฐ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๅœ‹่ชž ่ณ‡ๆ–™์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋  ๋งŒํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋‹ค. J. Klaproth ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ Asia Polyglotta 1823, ๅ†็‰ˆ 1831)์†์— ๅœ‹่ชž ๅ–ฎ่ชž ็ด„400์„ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์ฃผ๋œ ๅ‡บๅ…ธ์€ ๅคไปŠๅœ–ๆ›ธ้›†ๆˆๆ‰€์˜ ้กžไบ‹๋…”๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๋“ฏ ้กžไบ‹๋Š” ๅ…งๅค–์— ๋น„๊ต์  ๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ไปŠไธ–็ด€์— ๋“ค์–ด ๅœ‹่ชž์˜ ๆญทๅฒ็š„ ็ก็ฉถ๊ฐ€ ํ–‰ํ•ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ž ์ผ์ฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ่„šๅ…‰์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค

    A study on the Lexical Comparison of Korean and Altaic

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    ้Ÿ“ๅœ‹่ชž์™€ ์•Œํƒ€์ด่ซธ่ชž์˜ ๆฏ”่ผƒ๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ ํ•™์ž๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํฐ ้—œๅฟƒไบ‹์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๆตฎๅˆป๋˜์–ด ์™”์œผ๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์ตœ๊ทผ 20้ค˜ๅนด้–“ ์ด๋ ‡๋‹คํ•  ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ้€ฒๅฑ•์„ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•€๋žœ๋“œ์˜ ์•Œํƒ€์ด่ชžๅญธ่€… G. j. Ramstedt๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์„ ๊ฐœ์ฒ™ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๋‚œ 20ๅนดไปฃ์˜€๊ณ  ๊ทธ์˜ ็”Ÿๆถฏ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๆฅญ็ธพ์œผ๋กœ์„œ Studies in Korean Etymology(็•ฅ็จฑ SKE)๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„ํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด 1949ๅนด์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ(ไธ‹่ฟฐ ์ฐธ๊ณ ), ๊ทธ๋’ค ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์˜ ็ก็ฉถ๋Š” ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์ธ ไฟฎๆญฃ ๅขž่ฃœ์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ ์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ์ง€๋‚˜์นœ ๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ็‹€ๆณ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๋งŒํ•œ ๏งค็”ฑ๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. Ramstedt๋Š” ๅ…ˆ้ฉ…่€…๋กœ์„œ ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€ํ•œ ็ถœๅˆ์„ ์ด๋ฃฉํ•˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ์˜ ๅˆๆœŸ็š„ ็ถœๅˆ ๋’ค์— ๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๅ็œ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์•Œํƒ€์ด่ชžๅญธ่€…๋“ค์€ ํ† ์ด๊ธฐ, ๋ชฝ๊ณ , ํ‰๊ตฌ์Šค์˜ ๅ„่ชž็พค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๅ…ง็š„ ็ก็ฉถ์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ ์™”๋‹ค. The present paper is the first in a series of reports concerning research on the lexial comparison of the Korean and Altaic languages. The aim of this paper is to examine the achievements of the past and to establish the direction for future studies in this field. The following works are examined in this paper. (l) G. j. Ramstedt; As a pioneer in Altaic and Korean comparative studies, Ramstedt published his first articles on the Korean language in the twenties, in which he proposed a number of Korean etymologies based on comparisons with the Altaic languages. Already in his article entitled "A Comparison of the Altaic languages 'with Japanese" (1924) he proposed two etymologies: Korean tol 'stone', Turkic tas id.; Korean kolta 'ha1f', Mongolian kaltasun id., Tungus kalta id. It is interesting to note that Ramstedt abandoned the former in his later works and correctly revised the latter by substituting kari-'to divide' for kolta which was an obvious mistake

    ๆฏ้Ÿณ่ชฟๅ’Œ์˜ ๏งค่ซ–

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    ๋ชจ์Œ์กฐํ™”๋Š” ์šฐ๋ž„์ œ์–ด, ์•Œํƒ€์ด์ œ์–ด์—์„œ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ณ ์•„์„ธ์•„์ œ์–ด, ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๋ฐ ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์–ธ์–ด์—์„œ๋„ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์–ด ์–ธ์–ดํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์™”์๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ์–ด์—์„œ ์ด ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋…ผ์˜๋œ ์ง€๋„ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋˜์—ˆ์๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ์Œ์กฐํ™”์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ž๋ชป ๊ด‘๋ฒ”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์Œ“์˜€๊ณ  ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋„ ๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ƒ์„ฑ์Œ์šด๋ก ์—์„œ ๋ชจ์Œ์กฐํ™”๋Š” ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋“ฏ์ด ๋Š๊ปด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ € ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ์กฐํ™”์— ์ด๋ก ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์ € ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ตญ์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ์กฐํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์†Œ๋‚˜๋งˆ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์›Œ์ง€๊ณ  ๋ชจ์Œ ์กฐํ™”์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ด๋ก ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์—๋„ ๋‹ค์†Œ๋‚˜๋งˆ ์ด๋ฐ”์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
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