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    νŽ©νƒ€μ΄λ“œ μˆ˜μ‹ κ·Έλž˜ν•€μ„ μ΄μš©ν•œ 쒅양쑰직 ν™œμ„±ν™” 진단/치료 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ•½ν•™λŒ€ν•™ μ•½ν•™κ³Ό(물리약학전곡), 2017. 2. 였유경.Simultaneous cancer therapy and diagnosis, termed theranostics, have received considerable attention due to requirement of personalized medicine, fulfilling spatiotemporal needs of medication for individual patient. Here, we developed a tumor selectively-activable theranostic system that utilize a conjugate of Cy5.5, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and chimeric peptide which engineered to include a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-cleavable sequence, a spacer sequence, and a binding sequence for graphene nanosheet (GN). Cy5.5-PEG-chimeric peptide-modified GN clearly marred the fluorescence of Cy5.5 and cell-penetrating function of therapeutic peptide modified onto GN due to quenching ability of GN, and stealth effect of PEG, respectively. With the presence of MMP, cleavage of chimeric peptide released Cy5.5-PEG from GN, facilitating recovery of fluorescence of Cy5.5 and exposure of cell penetrating peptide on the surface of GN. Deletion of MMP-cleavable sequence in this theranostic system showed negligible differences in fluorescence and antitumor effect upon exposure to MMP. Intravenous administration of MMP-cleavable PEG-GN into SCC7 tumor-bearing mice resulted in 7.2-fold higher fluorescence intensity at tumor site than that of MMP-non-cleavable PEG-GN after 24 hours. Furthermore, cell-penetrating peptide delivered by MMP-cleavable PEG-GN revealed the highest antitumor effect, showing 80% regression of tumor volume than untreated group. Overall, our results demonstrate that tumor-activable PEG-GN could serve as a nano-theranostic system for tumor selective imaging and therapy.1. Introduction 1 2. Materials and methods 4 2.1. Synthesis of peptides 4 2.2. Detection of peptide cleavage 5 2.3. Preparation of surface functionalized GN 6 2.4. Characterization 7 2.5. Dequenching ability test of pMSP-GN 8 2.6. Loading of T-Bu onto nanosheets 8 2.7. Hemolysis assay 9 2.8. In vitro anti-cancer efficacy test 9 2.9. In vivo fluorescence imaging study 10 2.10. In vivo anti-cancer efficacy test 11 3. Results 12 3.1. Characterization of pMSP-GN nanoplatform 12 3.2. Dequenching of fluorescence following cleavage of peptide 12 3.3. In vitro anti-tumor effect 18 3.4. In vivo imaging by fluorescence distribution of pMSP-GN 18 3.5. In vivo anti-tumor effect of T-Bu delivered on pMSP-GN 21 4. Discussion 24 5. Conclusion 26 6. References 27 κ΅­λ¬Έ 초둝 30Maste

    AFS Studies of molybdenum-containing bimetallic catalysts

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    A Study on the Principles of Vertical Connection and Practices in the Sentence Structure Education

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (박사) -- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ‚¬λ²”λŒ€ν•™ κ΅­μ–΄κ΅μœ‘κ³Ό(κ΅­μ–΄κ΅μœ‘μ „κ³΅), 2020. 8. ꡬ본관.λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ˜ κ°œλ…κ³Ό 원리λ₯Ό 이둠적으둜 μ •λ¦½ν•˜λŠ” ν•œνŽΈ, ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 지식 μƒνƒœλ₯Ό λ‹€κ°λ„λ‘œ λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 쒅적 연계 원리λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ²΄ν™”ν•˜κ³ , 이λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ μ΄ˆΒ·μ€‘ν•™κ΅ 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ•ˆμ˜ μ‹€μ œλ₯Ό λ§ˆλ ¨ν•˜λŠ” 것을 λͺ©μ μœΌλ‘œ ν•œλ‹€. μ΄μƒμ˜ λ…Όμ˜λŠ” ꡐ윑의 연속성을 보μž₯ν•˜λ €λ©΄ λ§ˆλ•…νžˆ 학ꡐ급 κ°„ ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©μ˜ 효과적인 쒅적 연계가 μ „μ œλ˜μ–΄μ•Ό 함에도 κ΄€λ ¨ λ…Όμ˜κ°€ μ—¬μ „νžˆ 선언적이고 좔상적인 차원에 머물러 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” λ°˜μ„±μ  인식에 ν„°ν•œλ‹€. 쒅적 연계성 κ°œλ…μ€ ꡬ쑰화, 계열성, μœ„κ³„μ„±, 계속성 λ“± μœ κ΄€ κ°œλ…κ³Όμ˜ 관계 μ†μ—μ„œ κ·Έ μ •μ˜μ™€ μœ„μΉ˜κ°€ λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ κ·œμ •λ˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•œ 채 κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ •μ„ λΉ„λ‘―, μ—¬λŸ¬ λ¬Έμ„œμ™€ 연ꡬ에 μ“°μ—¬ μ™”λ‹€. μ΄λŠ” κ·Έκ°„ ꡬ체적이고 μ‹€μš©μ μΈ 쒅적 연계 λ…Όμ˜μ˜ λ°œμ „μ΄ μ–΄λ €μ› λ˜ μ΄μœ μ΄κΈ°λ„ ν•˜λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 근본적인 원인은 ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš© μ„ μ •κ³Ό 쑰직의 두 좕이 ꡐ과 내적 논리와 ν•™μŠ΅μžμž„μ—λ„ κ·Έκ°„ 문법 κ΅μœ‘κ³Όμ •μ΄ 문법 μ§€μ‹μ˜ 학문적 λ…Όλ¦¬μ—λ§Œ 주둜 μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜μ—¬ μ˜¨λ°”, ν•™μŠ΅μžλ₯Ό ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©μ˜ 쒅적 연계λ₯Ό 도λͺ¨ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 쀑심에 두지 λͺ»ν•œ 데 μžˆλ‹€. μ΄λŠ” μ‹€μ§ˆμ μΈ ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš© ꡬ성은 응당 ν•™μŠ΅μž μ•Žμ˜ νŒŒμ•…μ„ 좜발점으둜 μ‚Όμ•„μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ³΅κ°λŒ€μ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ , ν•™μŠ΅μžλ₯Ό κ΄€μ°°ν•˜μ—¬ κ·Έ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μΌλ°˜ν™”ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ μ ˆν•œ 방법둠을 μ μš©ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•œ λ°μ—μ„œ μ—°μœ ν•œλ‹€. 이렇듯 학ꡐ급별 ν•™μŠ΅μžκ°€ λŒ€μ²΄λ‘œ λ‚΄μž¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 지식과 κ·Έ κ°„κ·Ήμ˜ 싀체에 λŒ€ν•œ λΆ€μž¬λŠ” 결과적으둜 λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 쒅적 연계λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ 싀증적 κ·Όκ±°λ₯Ό ν™•λ³΄ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 ν•¨μ˜ν•œλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 문법 ꡐ윑 λ‹΄λ‘ μ˜ λ³€ν™” μ†μ—μ„œ 지식 ꡐ윑과 ꡐ윑 주체인 ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ μ€‘μš”μ„±μ„ μ£Όμ§€ν•˜λ©΄, ν•™μŠ΅μž μ§€μ‹μ˜ ꡐ윑적 의의λ₯Ό 기반으둜 ν•™μŠ΅μžμ— κ·Όκ±°ν•œ ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©μ΄ μ„ μ •λ˜κ³  μ‘°μ§λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό 함은 자λͺ…ν•˜λ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 관점 μ•„λž˜ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μ–Έμ–΄ λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ 뢄석을 μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ—¬ 학ꡐ급 κ°„ ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©μ˜ 양적 차이와 μž„μ˜μ  λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ˜ 문제적 μ–‘μƒμœΌλ‘œ μ΄ˆμ ν™”ν•˜κ³ , 섀득λ ₯ μžˆλŠ” κ΅μœ‘μ„ μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 지식 μƒνƒœ(knowledge state)κ°€ 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ˜ κΈ°μ€€μ΄μž λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 쒅적 연계 원리λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ²΄ν™”ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 근거둜 λΆ€κ°λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό 함을 λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ΄λ•Œ, ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 지식 μƒνƒœλŠ” 지식 곡간둠(Knowledge Space Theory)을 κ·Όκ°„μœΌλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” 지식 μƒνƒœ λΆ„μ„λ²•μ˜ 지식 ꡬ쑰도와 면담을 ν†΅λ‘œλ‘œ ν‘œμƒλœλ‹€. 본격적인 ν•™μŠ΅μž 지식 μƒνƒœ 뢄석에 μ•žμ„œ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 이둠적 κ²€ν† λ₯Ό 톡해 ꡐ윑의 κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ 지식을 μ‘°λ§ν•˜κ³ , 문법 지식과 ν•™μŠ΅μž μ§€μ‹μ˜ κ°œλ…κ³Ό 성격을 λͺ…λ£Œνžˆ ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ΄λŠ” μ§€μ‹μ˜ 본질과 성격을 μƒˆλ‘­κ²Œ μž¬ν•΄μ„ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹Œ ꡐ윑의 κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ 지식을 μ‘°λ§ν•˜κ³ , κΆκ·Ήμ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” 문법 κ΅μœ‘μ—μ„œ ν•™μŠ΅μž μ§€μ‹μ˜ μœ„μƒμ„ 규λͺ…ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•¨μ΄λ‹€. 이에 따라 λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μ£Όλͺ©ν•˜λŠ” ν•™μŠ΅μž 지식은 객체적인 문법 지식이 ν•™μŠ΅μžμ—κ²Œ λ‚΄λ©΄ν™”λœ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ, ꡐ윑이 이루어진 후에 ν•™μŠ΅μžμ—κ²Œ κ΅¬μ„±λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ” 지식인 κ°€λ₯΄μΉœ(ν•™μŠ΅λœ) 지식과 μƒν†΅ν•˜λŠ” 것이닀. ν•™μŠ΅μž 지식을 ν† λŒ€λ‘œ λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 쒅적 연계 원리λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ²΄ν™”ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μš°μ„ μ μœΌλ‘œ 일반적 μ°¨μ›μ˜ 원리 상정이 μš”μ²­λœλ‹€. 이에 λ¬Έν—Œ 연ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ„±μ˜ κ°œλ…μ„ κ²€ν† ν•˜μ—¬ 쒅적 연계성은 계속성과 계열성을 μ€‘ν•΅μ˜ 의미둜 내포함을 밝히고, 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ—λŠ” λ‚΄μš© λ²”μœ„μ™€ μˆ˜μ€€μ΄ ν•œλ° 관여함을 규λͺ…ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 그리고 계속성을 ν¬ν•¨ν•˜λŠ” κ³„μ—΄μ„±μ˜ νŠΉμ„±, 쑰직자, λ²”μ£Όλ₯Ό 이둠적으둜 λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ—¬ 쒅적 연계 원리λ₯Ό μ„€μ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν•œνŽΈ, μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ›λ¦¬λŠ” 범ꡐ과에 μ μš©λ˜λŠ” 성격을 μ§€λ‹ˆλŠ”λ°”, 문법 ꡐ과 νŠΉμ • μ›λ¦¬λ‘œ κ΅¬μ‘°ν™”μ˜ 원리, μ΄ˆμ ν™”μ˜ 원리, μƒν˜Έμ„±μ˜ 원리, λ°˜λ³΅Β·μ‹¬ν™”μ˜ 원리, μΌκ΄€μ„±μ˜ 원리, μ‹€μ œμ„±μ˜ 원리, 탐ꡬ κ³Όμ •μ˜ 원리λ₯Ό κ·œμ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ‹€λ§Œ, 이 λ˜ν•œ λ¬Έλ²•μ˜ μ „ μ˜μ—­μ— ν•΄λ‹Ήλœλ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 κ΅μœ‘μ— ν•©λ‹Ήν•œ ꡬ체화가 μš”κ΅¬λ˜λ©°, 이에 ν•™μŠ΅μž 지식을 μ‚΄νŽ΄ 원리별 μ„ΈλΆ€ λ‚΄μš©μ„ λ§ˆλ ¨ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ΄μƒμ˜ 이둠적 λ…Όμ˜λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 지식 μƒνƒœλ₯Ό 톡합 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 순차적 톡합 섀계 과정에 따라 λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 양적 접근은 지식 μƒνƒœ 뢄석법에 κ·Όκ±°ν•˜μ—¬ λ„μΆœλœ 지식 ꡬ쑰도 λΆ„μ„μœΌλ‘œ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€. κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό κ°œλ…μ˜ 관계적 μ—°κ²°, λ¬Έμž₯의 계측적 뢄석, 핡심 κ°œλ… μ€‘μ‹¬μ˜ ꡬ쑰화, λ²”μ£Ό 기반의 κ°œλ… λ³€λ³„μ΄λΌλŠ” νŠΉμ§•μ μΈ 쟁점이 λ„μΆœλ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. 이λ₯Ό 기반으둜 질적 접근은 면담을 톡해 지식 κ΅¬μ‘°λ„λ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œ μŸμ μ„ ν™•μΈν•˜κ³ , μ–‘μ μœΌλ‘œ νŒŒμ•…μ΄ μ–΄λ €μš΄ κ°œλ…ν™” 양상 λ°œκ²¬μ„ μœ„ν•΄ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘ŒμœΌλ©°, κ°œλ…μ˜ 변별적 속성에 λŒ€ν•œ 이해 κ²°μ—¬, μš©μ–΄μ™€ κ°œλ…μ˜ 자의적 μ—°κ²°, μœ κ΄€ κ°œλ…μ˜ 관계적 인식 λΆ€μ‘±, κ°œλ…μ˜ μƒμœ„ 범주에 λŒ€ν•œ 이해 λΆ€μ‘±κ³Ό 같이 λ²”μ£Όν™”λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. μ–‘μͺ½μ˜ μ ‘κ·Ό 결과인 지식 κ΅¬μ‘°λ„μ˜ 쟁점과 κ°œλ…ν™” 양상을 μ’…ν•©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 쒅적 연계 원리λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ²΄ν™”ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό, (1) κ΅¬μ‘°ν™”μ˜ 원리, (2) μ΄ˆμ ν™”μ˜ 원리, (3) μƒν˜Έμ„±μ˜ 원리, (4) λ°˜λ³΅Β·μ‹¬ν™”μ˜ 원리, (5) κ³„μΈ΅μ„±μ˜ 원리, (6) μΌκ΄€μ„±μ˜ 원리, (7) μ‹€μ œμ„±μ˜ 원리, (8) 탐ꡬ κ³Όμ •μ˜ μ›λ¦¬λ‘œ μ •λ¦¬λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. μ΄λ•Œ, κ³„μΈ΅μ„±μ˜ μ›λ¦¬λŠ” 쒅적 연계 일반 μ›λ¦¬λ‘œλŠ” ν•™μŠ΅μž μ–‘μƒμ˜ μ„€λͺ…이 μ–΄λ €μ›Œ λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑 νŠΉμ •μ˜ μ›λ¦¬λ‘œ μƒˆλ‘­κ²Œ μƒμ •ν•œ 것이닀. 이듀 μ›λ¦¬λŠ” μƒν˜Έ 배타적이라기보닀 λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©μ„ μ„ μ •ν•˜κ³  μ‘°μ§ν•˜λŠ” 일련의 κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ 두루 μž‘μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ„±κ²©μ˜ 것이며, 원리 κ°„ μƒν˜Έ μž‘μš© ꡬ도λ₯Ό ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš© μ„ μ •κ³Ό 쑰직 μ°¨μ›μ—μ„œ μ²΄κ³„ν™”ν•˜μ—¬ λ³΄μ˜€λ‹€. 이와 같은 λ…Όμ˜λ₯Ό ν† λŒ€λ‘œ ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©ν™”μ˜ μΈ΅μœ„λ₯Ό ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš© μ„ μ •κ³Ό ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš© 쑰직으둜 μ΄λΆ„ν™”ν•˜κ³ , 각 μΈ΅μœ„μ— μ€‘μ μ μœΌλ‘œ κ΄€μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 쒅적 연계 원리λ₯Ό 기반으둜 μ΄ˆΒ·μ€‘ν•™κ΅ λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ•ˆμ„ μ„€κ³„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κ·Έλ¦¬ν•˜μ—¬ ν•™μŠ΅μž μ€‘μ‹¬μ˜ λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 쒅적 연계λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 ꡬ쑰화λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©, λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰의 계측성을 κ³ λ €ν•œ ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©, κ°œλ…μ˜ μ΄ˆμ ν™”λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©, μ—°κ²°μ†Œλ₯Ό λΆ€κ°ν•œ μƒν˜Έ 관련적 ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©, κ°œλ…μ˜ λ°˜λ³΅μ Β·λ‹¨κ³„μ  이해λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©μ΄ λ§ˆλ ¨λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό 함을 λ…Όμ˜ν•˜κ³ , μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©μ΄ μ„±μ·¨ κΈ°μ€€, λ‚΄μš© μš”μ†Œ, ν•™μŠ΅ ν™œλ™, 기술 방식 μ°¨μ›μ—μ„œ 쑰직되고 μƒμ„Έν™”λ˜λŠ” 과정을 λ³΄μ˜€λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μ œμ•ˆν•œ 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ•ˆμ€ κ΅­μ–΄ ꡐ윑 μ „λ¬Έκ°€ μ§‘λ‹¨μ˜ κ²€ν† λ₯Ό 톡해 μ •λ ¨λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. 문법 ꡐ윑의 μΆœλ°œμ μ€ ν•™μŠ΅μž 지식이 λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ£Όμž₯을 μ‹€μ²΄ν™”ν•˜λŠ” λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 쒅적 연계λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ ν•™μŠ΅μžλ₯Ό 핡심 κΈ°μ€€μœΌλ‘œ λ‚΄μ„Έμ›Œμ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” ꡐ윑적 의의λ₯Ό μ‘°λͺ…ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, 이에 λŒ€ν•œ μ‹€μ²œμ  μˆ˜ν–‰μ„ 보이고자 ν•™μŠ΅μž 지식 μƒνƒœλ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 쒅적 연계 원리λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ²΄ν™”ν•˜κ³ , 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ•ˆμ˜ μ‹€μ œλ₯Ό λ…Όν•˜μ˜€λ‹€λŠ” 연ꡬ사적 의의λ₯Ό μ§€λ‹Œλ‹€. ν–₯ν›„ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 주제λ₯Ό λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ 쒅적 연계 원리λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ²΄ν™”ν•˜λŠ” μž‘μ—…μ΄ κ³„μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ 이루어져 ν•™μŠ΅μžλ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ 섀득λ ₯ μžˆλŠ” ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©μ΄ κ΅¬μ„±λ˜κ³  μ •μ°©λ˜κΈ°λ₯Ό κΈ°λŒ€ν•œλ‹€.This study aims to theoretically establish the concept and principle of Vertical Connection, embody the longitudinal linkage principle of sentence structure education by analyzing the learners sentence structure knowledge status from various angles, and develop a plan to establish a link for sentence structure education programs in elementary and middle schools. As the effective connection of educational contents across school levels is crucial to ensure educational study, it is necessary to solve the issues regarding vertical declarative and abstract connections. The concept of Vertical Connection has been used in various documents and studies, including curriculum, without clear definition and location, in relation to relevant concepts such as structuralization, sequence, hierarchy, continuity and so on. This is why it has been difficult to develop concrete and practical discussions on vertical connection. However, The fundamental reason is that despite the fact that the two axes involved in the selection and organization of educational content are curriculum-internal logic and learner, the grammar curriculum has been largely dependent on the academic logic of grammar knowledge, so the learner has not been at the center of the effort to vertical connect educational content. The problem lies in the fact that despite the consensus that the practical composition of educational content should be used as a starting point for the identification of the learners knowledge, it failed to apply an appropriate methodology to generalize the results by observing learners. Above all, the absence of knowledge and the reality of the gap, which are largely inherent in learners at each school level, implies that, as a result, the empirical basis for the vertical connection of sentence structure education has not been secured. However, if the importance of knowledge education and learners, who are the subjects of education, is noted in the changing discourse of grammar education, it is obvious that the contents of education that fully considers the learner should be selected and organized based on the educational significance of the learners knowledge. Under this view, the study conducted a language network analysis to focus quantitative differences and arbitrary changes in educational content between school levels on the problematic aspects of vertical connections, and to ensure a convincing education, the learners knowledge state should be highlighted as a mechanism for realizing vertical connections and as a basis for clarifying the vertical connection principle of sentence structure education. At this time, the knowledge state of the learner is represented by a knowledge structure map and interview paths in accordance with the knowledge state analysis method. Prior to the full-scale analysis of the state of learner knowledge, this study overviews knowledge from an educational perspective in addition to defining the concept and characteristics of learner knowledge. This is to overview knowledge from an educational perspective rather than to newly re-interpret the essence and nature of knowledge, ultimately establishing the status of knowledge in grammar education. Accordingly, the learners knowledge that this study focuses on is that objective grammar knowledge is internalized to the learner, and is in communication with the taught (learned) knowledge, which is the knowledge constituted by the learner after the education is completed. In order to materialize the vertical connection principle of sentence structure education based on the learner's knowledge, it is first requested to set the principle at the general level. Thus, the concept of Vertical Connection was reviewed in the literature study to identify that vertical connection implies the meaning of continuity and sequence, and that content scope and level are involved in the vertical connection. And the features, organization, and categories of sequentially including continuity are then theoretically analyzed to develop a principle of vertical connection. Meanwhile, since the principle of vertical connection is generally applied to all academic subjects, to provide an analysis specific to the grammar curriculum, the research is further segmented into the Principle of Structuralization, Principle of Focusing, Principle of Reciprocity, Principle of RepetitionΒ·Intensification, Principle of Consistency, Principle of Practicality, and Principle of Inquiry Process. However, since it is also involved in all areas of grammar, it is necessary to materialize appropriately for sentence structure education, and thus by examining the learners knowledge, it was intended to prepare detailed contents for each principle. Based on the discussion, the learners knowledge state was analyzed according to the sequential design of the integrated study. The quantitative approach consisted of analyzing the knowledge structure derived based on the knowledge state analysis method. As a result, issues such as relational connection of concepts, hierarchical analysis of sentences, core concept-based structured structure, and category-based concept discrimination were derived. Based on this, the qualitative approach was made to identify issues that appeared in the knowledge structure diagram through interviews, and to discover conceptualization patterns that are difficult to grasp quantitatively. As a result, it was categorized as Deficient Understanding of Concepts Variable Properties, Arbitrary Connection Between Terms and Concepts, Lack of Categoric Relationships Among Concepts, and Lack of Understanding of the Upper Category of Concepts. As a result of embodying the principle of vertical connection of sentence structure by synthesizing the issues and conceptualization aspects of the knowledge structure diagram, it was organized as follows: (1) Principle of Structuralization; (2) Principle of Focusing; (3) Principle of Reciprocity; (4) Principle of RepetitionIntensification; (5) Principle of Hierarchy; (6) Principle of Consistency; (7) Principle of Practicality; (8) Principle of Inquiry Process. The interactive dynamic among the principles is also investigated. At this time, the Principle of Hierarchy' is a newly assumed principle because it is difficult to explain the learners aspect with the general principle of vertical connection. These principles are not mutually exclusive, but rather work in a series of processes that connect the sentence structure educational content, and the interaction structure between the principles was systematized at the level of education content selection and organization. Based on the discussion, the development of education content is stratified into selection of educational content and organization of educational content, and the linkage plan of elementary and middle school sentence structure education was designed based on the principle of vertical connection of sentence structure education, which focuses on each level. In order to link learning-oriented sentence structure education, we discussed the need for education contents for structuring sentence structure education, education contents considering hierarchy of sentence structure, education contents for focusing concepts, interrelated education contents highlighting connections, and education contents for repetitive and step-by-step understanding of concepts, and the process in which these educational contents are organized and detailed in terms of achievement standards, content elements, learning activities, and technical methods showed. The above connection plan developed in the current study was refined through reviews conducted by a group of Korean language education experts. This study, which asserts that the starting point of grammar should be the learners knowledge, has the educational significance of establishing the vertical connection of sentence education with the learner as the core criterion, and the practical performance for this is the sentence structure by analyzing the learners knowledge state. The principle of vertical connection in education is specified, and the practice of vertical connection research is discussed. It is hoped that these results will promote a continued effort to materialize the principle of vertical connection for a wide variety of topics, leading to the development and implementation of educational contents that are persuasive for the learner.β… . μ„œλ‘  1 1. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ ν•„μš”μ„± 및 λͺ©μ  1 2. 연ꡬ사 6 2.1. κ΅­μ–΄ ꡐ윑 ꡬ쑰화에 κ΄€ν•œ 연ꡬ 6 2.2. 문법 ꡐ윑 연계성에 κ΄€ν•œ 연ꡬ 10 2.3. λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 κ΅μœ‘μ— κ΄€ν•œ 연ꡬ 17 3. 연ꡬ 방법 22 β…‘. λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 쒅적 연계λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ 이둠적 κ³ μ°° 33 1. 문법 κ΅μœ‘μ—μ„œ ν•™μŠ΅μž μ§€μ‹μ˜ μœ„μƒ 33 1.1. 문법 지식과 ν•™μŠ΅μž μ§€μ‹μ˜ κ°œλ… 및 관계 33 (1) 문법 지식과 ν•™μŠ΅μž μ§€μ‹μ˜ κ°œλ… 33 (2) 문법 지식과 ν•™μŠ΅μž μ§€μ‹μ˜ 관계 37 1.2. ν•™μŠ΅μž 지식과 문법 λŠ₯λ ₯의 관계 40 (1) ν•™μŠ΅μž μ§€μ‹μ˜ ꡐ윑적 의의 40 (2) ν•™μŠ΅μž 지식과 문법 λŠ₯λ ₯의 상관성 44 2. 문법 ꡐ윑 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ˜ ν˜„μž¬μ™€ λ°©ν–₯ 49 2.1. λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑 μ—°κ³„μ˜ λ°˜μ„±μ  κ³ μ°° 49 (1) ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©μ˜ μž„μ˜μ  μ„ μ •κ³Ό 쑰직 49 (2) ν•™μŠ΅ ν™œλ™κ³Ό 기술 λ°©μ‹μ˜ 비연계 69 2.2. ν•™μŠ΅μž 지식 기반 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ˜ 의의 74 (1) ν•™μŠ΅μž 쀑심 ꡐ윑의 μ‹€μ œμ  μ‹€ν˜„ 74 (2) ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš© κ΅¬μ‘°ν™”μ˜ 타당성 확보 75 (3) ν•™μŠ΅μ˜ 전이 촉진을 ν†΅ν•œ 문법 λŠ₯λ ₯의 증진 76 3. 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ˜ κ°œλ…κ³Ό 원리 79 3.1. 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ˜ κ°œλ… 79 3.2. 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ˜ 원리 85 β…’. λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 쒅적 연계 원리 λ„μΆœ 96 1. λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰에 λŒ€ν•œ ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 지식 ꡬ쑰도 뢄석 96 1.1. 학ꡐ급별 ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 지식 ꡬ쑰도 뢄석 96 (1) 전체 ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 지식 ꡬ쑰도 λ„μΆœ κ²°κ³Ό 105 (2) μ΄ˆλ“± ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 지식 ꡬ쑰도 109 (3) 쀑등 ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 지식 ꡬ쑰도 125 1.2. ν•™μŠ΅μž 지식 ꡬ쑰도 μ–‘μƒμ˜ μ΄ˆμ ν™” 141 (1) κ°œλ…μ˜ 관계적 μ—°κ²° 145 (2) λ¬Έμž₯의 계측적 뢄석 147 (3) 핡심 κ°œλ… μ€‘μ‹¬μ˜ ꡬ쑰화 153 (4) λ²”μ£Ό 기반의 κ°œλ… 변별 156 2. λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰에 λŒ€ν•œ ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ κ°œλ…ν™” 양상 뢄석 158 2.1. κ°œλ…μ˜ 변별적 속성에 λŒ€ν•œ 이해 κ²°μ—¬ 160 2.2. μš©μ–΄μ™€ κ°œλ…μ˜ 자의적 μ—°κ²° 164 2.3. μœ κ΄€ κ°œλ…μ˜ 관계적 인식 λΆ€μ‘± 167 2.4. κ°œλ…μ˜ μƒμœ„ 범주에 λŒ€ν•œ 이해 λΆ€μ‘± 169 3. λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 쒅적 연계 원리 ꡬ체화 171 3.1. κ΅¬μ‘°ν™”μ˜ 원리 175 3.2. μ΄ˆμ ν™”μ˜ 원리 177 3.3. μƒν˜Έμ„±μ˜ 원리 179 3.4. λ°˜λ³΅Β·μ‹¬ν™”μ˜ 원리 182 3.5. κ³„μΈ΅μ„±μ˜ 원리 184 3.6. μΌκ΄€μ„±μ˜ 원리 186 3.7. μ‹€μ œμ„±μ˜ 원리 188 3.8. 탐ꡬ κ³Όμ •μ˜ 원리 189 β…£. λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 쒅적 연계 μ‹€μ œ 191 1. λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ•ˆ μ„€κ³„μ˜ κ°œμš” 191 1.1. 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ•ˆ μ„€κ³„μ˜ 쀑점과 절차 191 (1) 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ•ˆ μ„€κ³„μ˜ 쀑점 191 (2) 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ•ˆ μ„€κ³„μ˜ 절차 195 1.2. μ „λ¬Έκ°€ κ²€ν†  κ³Όμ • 196 1.3. ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš© 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ˜ μΈ΅μœ„ 199 (1) ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš© μ„ μ • 차원 199 (2) ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš© 쑰직 차원 205 2. λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑 쒅적 μ—°κ³„μ•ˆμ˜ 섀계 212 2.1. λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©μ˜ μ„ μ • 212 (1) λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑의 ꡬ쑰화λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš© 214 (2) λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰의 계측성을 κ³ λ €ν•œ ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš© 217 (3) κ°œλ…μ˜ μ΄ˆμ ν™”λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš© 220 (4) μ—°κ²°μ†Œλ₯Ό λΆ€κ°ν•œ μƒν˜Έ 관련적 ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš© 222 (5) κ°œλ…μ˜ λ°˜λ³΅μ Β·λ‹¨κ³„μ  이해λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš© 225 2.2. λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰 ꡐ윑 λ‚΄μš©μ˜ 쑰직 227 (1) μ„±μ·¨ κΈ°μ€€μ˜ 계열적 쑰직 227 (2) λ‚΄μš© μš”μ†Œμ˜ 체계적 쑰직 229 (3) ν•™μŠ΅ ν™œλ™μ˜ 유기적 쑰직 231 (4) 기술 λ°©μ‹μ˜ 일관적 쑰직 252 β…€. κ²°λ‘  258 μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ 263 Abstract 289Docto

    좩남 μ‚¬νšŒμ κ²½μ œμ˜ 톡합지원을 μœ„ν•œ 곡곡기관 κ΅μœ‘ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ μ—°κ³„λ°©μ•ˆ μ„Έλ―Έλ‚˜ (솑두범,λ°•μΆ˜μ„­,μ•ˆμˆ˜μ˜,배읡호,μ΅œμ„ ν¬)

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    An Analysis of Writing Activities in High School English Textbooks

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