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    ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์กฐ์ง๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณธ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ฒด๊ณ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™๊ณผ, 2014. 2. ๊น€ํ˜„์ฒ .๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ‰๋ฉด์ , ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์  ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ œ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ์ž๋™์ฐจ, ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด, ๊ฑด์ถ•, ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ž…์ฒด ์ „์‹œ๋ฌผ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋ฌธ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ „๋ฌธ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ทธ ์˜์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ „์‹œ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ์žฅ(Field) ํ˜•์„ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „์‹œ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ฑ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ์น˜์ด๋‹ค. ํ‰๋ฉด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ํšŒํ™”์  ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์ „์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์€ ์ž…์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๊ฐ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 2000๋…„๋Œ€ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜์ดํ›„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž…์ฒด์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ฑ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ์™€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋œ 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์กฐ์ง์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ์—๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ณ€๋งฅ๋ฝ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „์ฒด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜์—ญ์„ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” 1) ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํ‹€, ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ง“๊ณ  ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” 2) ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ค๋ธŒ์ œ, ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๊ด€๋žŒ์ž์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธํ•œ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” 3) ์ „์‹œ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฐฉ์‹ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ๋ฆ„์„ (็ทš)์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” 4) ๊ด€๋žŒ๋™์„ ํ˜•์‹์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์กฐ์ง์—๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์†์—์„œ ์ธต์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” 1) ์ผœ์กฐ์ง, ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์†์—์„œ ํŠน์ • ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์„ ํ˜• ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” 2) ๋‚˜์„ ์กฐ์ง, ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์†์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์žฅ(Field)๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„œ์ˆ ์  ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” 3) ์„ (็ทš)ํ˜• ์กฐ์ง์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์š”์†Œ์™€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์กฐ์ง์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ณ„๋กœ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ „์ฒด ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ณ„ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋ณผ๋ฅจ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ด๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ๋ฆ„์˜ ์˜์—ญ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™” ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž…์ฒด์  ์ „์‹œ๋ฐฐ์น˜์™€ ์—ฐ์ถœ์  ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋„์ž…โ€ค์ „ํ™˜โ€ค๊ฐ€์†โ€ค์ ˆ์ •โ€ค๊ฒฐ๋ง์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ, ์ฆ‰, ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์„œ์ˆ ์  ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์€ 2์ฐจ์› ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ผœ ์กฐ์ง์—์„œ 1์ฐจ์› ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์„ ํ˜•์กฐ์ง์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™” ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์—ญ์„ค์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ํฐ ์ž…์ฒด์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ 1์ฐจ์›์˜ ์„ ํ˜•ํ๋ฆ„์ด 3์ฐจ์›์˜ ์ž…์ฒด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋”์šฑ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋œ 3์ฐจ์› ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— 2์ฐจ์›์˜ ์ผœ์กฐ์ง์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ด€๋žŒ์ž๋Š” ๊ธ‰์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚œ ์ž์œจ์„ฑ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋œ 3์ฐจ์› ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„œ์ˆ ์  ์š”์†Œ์ธ ๋ณผ๋ฅจ์„ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์กฐ์ง๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ 1์ฐจ์›์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ด๋Œ์–ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‹ค์ธต์ ์ด๊ณ  ์„œ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์กฐ์ง๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด ์ „๋ฌธ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์‹œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋„ ์ด์— ๋งž์ถ”์–ด ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์€ ์‹คํ—˜์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ตœ์‹  ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ์ด๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์˜ ์ž…์ฒด์  ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์กฐ์ง์ฒด๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž…์ฒด์  ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ถ• ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋ฌธ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์— ์ ์šฉ๋˜๊ธธ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.In this study, I began with presentation of a problem that space of general museum which is planar and neutral. Exhibition space of recent, changes to the professional museum. This makes up the exhibition space using three-dimensional objects such as furniture, ceramic, graphic, media and Automobile. The purpose of this study is to define the spatial organization of exhibition space system of a new type that displayed in the automobile museum. Space of automobile museum is not intended to be shown as neutral for the exhibition only. This is an element for representing both the spatial properties and exhibits through the formation of Field long between the displayed objects. Generally, museum used to have exhibits that are planar and pictorial. But automobile museums, which contains three-dimensional exhibits, makes more variety of movements and space oriented display. Therefore, through the analysis of automobile museums, there is a goal to examine the three-dimensional and expressive characteristics of new kind of exhibition space. Automobile museums are constructed with four elements and combined into three compositions. In four elements, there is space frame which is formed by outer factors and space object which makes inner space. And also there is display arrangement which defines onlookers flow and the line of flow which is made by the other elements. In three compositions, there is layer composition which makes layers of exhibits in the space and spiral composition which makes continuous spiral flow in the space. For the last, there is linear composition which makes sequential flow by making field in exhibition space. In the study, by synthesizing space elements and space compositions, I arranged each characteristics and found age-specific trend in Automobile museums. As a result, display of the vehicle is changing into a space to produce field of flow through the space between the volumes arranged in the exhibition area. Thereby, automobile museums can have dramatic exhibition space and stereoscopic display layout. Futhermore, based on the linearity of the space, museums can have clear and narrative exhibition space. Thus, automobile museum is a good example for the new kind of exhibition space. That is, at the point of the swift in museums which contains three-dimensional exhibits, has to be designed expressive by space volume and narrative flow.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  1. 1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1. 2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์  1. 3 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„์™€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 1. 4 ์šฉ์–ด ๋ฐ ๋„ํ•ด์˜ ์ •์˜ ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์˜ˆ๋น„๊ณ ์ฐฐ 2. 1 ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€๊ณผ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์˜ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋น„๊ต 2.1.1 ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์˜ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„ (1) ํ™”์ดํŠธํ๋ธŒ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„ (2) ์ปฌ๋ ‰์…˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€ํ˜• ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„ (3) ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ „์‹œ๊ด€ํ˜• ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„ 2.1.2 ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์˜ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„ (1) ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์กฐ์ง์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„ (2) ์ž…์ฒด์  ์ „์‹œ๋ฌผ์„ ๋‹ด๋Š” ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„ (3) ์ „๋ฌธ์ „์‹œ๊ด€ํ˜• ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„ 2.1.3 ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์กฐ์ง๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตฌ์ถ•๋œ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ๋“ฑ์žฅ 2. 2 ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ 2.2.1 ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์  ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 2.2.2 ํ†ตํ•ฉ์  ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 2.2.3 ์™ธ๋ถ€๋กœ ํ™•์žฅ๋œ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 2.2.4 ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์กฐ์ง๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ‹€์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 2. 3 ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ฒด๊ณ„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ‹€ 2.3.1 ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€ 2.3.2 ๊ณต๊ฐ„์กฐ์ง์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€ 2.3.3 ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€ 2. 4 ์†Œ๊ฒฐ ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ณ„ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๋ถ„์„ 3. 1 ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ 3. 2 ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ํ‹€์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๋ถ„์„ 3.2.1 ์ •ํ˜• ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ‹€์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ 3.2.2 ์ดํ˜• ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ‹€์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ 3.2.3 ์ž์œ ํ‹€์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ 3. 3 ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์˜ค๋ธŒ์ œ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๋ถ„์„ 3.3.1 ๋ฉด ์˜ค๋ธŒ์ œ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ 3.3.2 ๋ณผ๋ฅจ ์˜ค๋ธŒ์ œ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ 3. 4 ์ „์‹œ ๋ฐฐ์น˜์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๋ถ„์„ 3.4.1 2์› ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ฐฐ์น˜์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ 3.4.2 3์› ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ฐฐ์น˜์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ 3.4.3 ๋‹จ์ผ ๋ฐฐ์น˜์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ 3.4.4 4์› ๋ณตํ•ฉ๋ฐฐ์น˜์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ 3. 5 ๊ด€๋žŒ๋™์„ ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๋ถ„์„ 3.5.1 ๋‹จ์†ํ˜• ๋™์„ ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ 3.5.2 ์—ฐ์†ํ˜• ๋™์„ ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ 3. 6 ์†Œ๊ฒฐ ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ณ„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์„ 4. 1 ๊ณต๊ฐ„์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ 4. 2 ์ผœ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ณ„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์„ 4.2.1 ๋‹จ์ธต ์ผœ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ 4.2.1.1 ๋‹จ์ธต ์ผœ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ (1) ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ‹€ ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์‚ฐํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํŠน์„ฑ (2) ์ž์œ ํ‹€ ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์‚ฐํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํŠน์„ฑ (3) ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ‹€ ๋‚ด ์—ฐ์†ํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํŠน์„ฑ 4.2.1.2 ๋‹จ์ธต ์ผœ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ (1) ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณ„๊ณต๊ฐ„ (2) ๊ฐœ๋ณ„๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ‰์  ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ 4.2.2 ์ ์ธต ์ผœ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ 4.2.2.1 ์ ์ธต ์ผœ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ (1) ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ‹€ ๋‚ด ์—ฐ์†์ ์ธตํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํŠน์„ฑ (2) ์ž์œ ํ‹€ ๋‚ด ์—ฐ์†์ ์ธตํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํŠน์„ฑ 4.2.2.2 ์ ์ธต ์ผœ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ (1) ์ค‘์•™ void/์˜ค๋ธŒ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์„ฑ (2) ์ˆ˜์ง์  ์ƒ์Šน๊ฐ 4. 3 ๋‚˜์„  ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ณ„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์„ 4.3.1 ์ƒ์Šน ๋‚˜์„  ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ 4.3.1.1 ์ƒ์Šน ๋‚˜์„  ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ (1) ์ƒ์Šน ๋‚˜์„ ํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํŠน์„ฑ 4.3.1.2 ์ƒ์Šน ๋‚˜์„  ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ (1) ์ง€์‹œ์  ๋™์„ ์ฒด๊ณ„ (2) ๋น ๋ฅธ ํšŒ์ „๊ณต๊ฐ„ 4.3.2 ํ•˜๊ฐ• ๋‚˜์„  ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ 4.3.2.1 ํ•˜๊ฐ• ๋‚˜์„  ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ (1) ํ•˜๊ฐ• ๋‚˜์„ ํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํŠน์„ฑ 4.3.2.2 ํ•˜๊ฐ• ๋‚˜์„  ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ (1) ์„ ํƒ์  ๋™์„ ์ฒด๊ณ„ (2) ๋Š๋ฆฐ ํ™œ๊ฐ•๊ณต๊ฐ„ 4. 4 ์„ ํ˜• ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ณ„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์„ 4.4.1 ์ผ์ฐจ ์„ ํ˜• ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ 4.4.1.1 ์ผ์ฐจ ์„ ํ˜• ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ (1) ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ‹€ ๋‚ด ํ‰๋ฉด์„ ํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํŠน์„ฑ (2) ์ž์œ ํ‹€ ๋‚ด ํ‰๋ฉด์„ ํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํŠน์„ฑ 4.4.1.2 ์ผ์ฐจ ์„ ํ˜• ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ (1) ํ‰๋ฉด์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํ๋ฆ„ (2) ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ๊นŠ์ด๊ฐ-๋ฏธ๋„๋Ÿฌ์ง€๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„ 4.4.2 ์ด์ฐจ ์„ ํ˜• ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ 4.4.2.1 ์ด์ฐจ ์„ ํ˜• ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ (1) ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ Loopํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํŠน์„ฑ (2) ๋‚ดํฌ Loopํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํŠน์„ฑ (3) ๊ต์ฐจ Loopํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํŠน์„ฑ 4.4.2.2 ์ด์ฐจ ์„ ํ˜• ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํšจ๊ณผ (1) ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์  ๊ฒฝํ—˜ (2) ์‹œ์„ ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ 4. 5 ์†Œ๊ฒฐ ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ณ„ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ 5. 1 ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ์˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ณ„ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ 5.1.1 ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํ‹€์˜ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ : ์ฃผ๋ณ€๋งฅ๋ฝ๊ณผ์˜ ์ผ์ฒดํ™” 5.1.2 ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ค๋ธŒ์ œ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ : ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ํƒˆ์ค‘์‹ฌํ™” 5.1.3 ์ „์‹œ๋ฐฐ์น˜์˜ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ : ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋งž์ถคํ˜• ์ „์‹œ๋ฐฐ์น˜ 5.1.4 ๊ด€๋žŒ๋™์„ ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ : ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ฒฝํ—˜์˜ ์—ฐ์†์„ฑ 5. 2 ๊ณต๊ฐ„์กฐ์ง์˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ณ„ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ 5.2.1 ์ผœ ์กฐ์ง์—์„œ ์„ ํ˜•์กฐ์ง์œผ๋กœ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„ 5.2.2 ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์กฐ์ง์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜ : ๋‚˜์„ ์กฐ์ง 5.2.3 ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์กฐ์ง์˜ ํ™•์žฅ๊ณผ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์„ฑ 5. 3 ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ 5.3.1 ์‚ฌ์ด๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ๋ฆ„์˜ ์žฅ ํ˜•์„ฑ 5.3.2 ์—ฐ์ถœ์  ์ „์‹œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 5.3.3 ์„ (็ทš)ํ˜• ํ๋ฆ„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์„œ์ˆ ์  ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ฒฝํ—˜ 5. 4 ์†Œ๊ฒฐ ์ œ 6 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ AbstractMaste

    (A) study on growth changes of maxilla and mandible and position changes of first permanent molars of growing children

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    ์น˜์˜ํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ์„ฑ์žฅ๊ธฐ ์•„๋™์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ต์ •์น˜๋ฃŒ์‹œ ์ƒํ•˜์•…๊ณจ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ์ƒํ•˜์•… ์ œ 1๋Œ€๊ตฌ์น˜์˜ ๋งน์ถœ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋ถ€์ •๊ตํ•ฉ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ฐ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ณ„ํš ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์— ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ €์ž๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž 43๋ช…, ์—ฌ์ž 39๋ช…์˜ 6์„ธ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 11์„ธ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ดฌ์˜ํ•œ ๋‘๋ถ€๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„  ๊ทœ๊ฒฉ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค ์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1. TM-ANS, Mandibular plane์„ ์ค‘์ฒฉ์‹œ์ผœ ์–ป์€ ์ƒํ•˜์•… ์ œ 1๋Œ€๊ตฌ์น˜์˜ ๋งน์ถœ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 2. ์ƒ์•… ์ œ 1๋Œ€๊ตฌ์น˜์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ‰, ์ˆ˜์ง๋ณ€ํ™”๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ•˜์•… ์ œ 1๋Œ€๊ตฌ์น˜์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ‰, ์ˆ˜์ง ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ˆœ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 3. ํ•˜์•… ์ œ 1๋Œ€๊ตฌ์น˜๋Š” ์ƒ์•… ์ œ 1๋Œ€๊ตฌ์น˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งน์ถœํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ „๋ฐฉ์ด๋™๋Ÿ‰์ด ์œ ์˜์„ฑ์žˆ๋Š” ํฐ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 4. ์ƒํ•˜์•…๊ณจ์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ผ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. 5. ํ•˜์•ˆ๋ฉด๊ณ ๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Ÿ‰์€ ๋น„๊ต์  ์ผ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 6. N-S-6์€ 7์„ธ ์ดํ›„์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. A STUDY ON GROWTH CHANGES OF MAXILLA AND MANDIBLE AND POSITION CHANGES OF FIRST PERMANENT MOLARS OF GROWING CHILDREN Dae Hee Cho Dept. of Dental Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University (Directed by Prof. Byung Hwa Sohn, D.D.S., M.S.D., Ph.D.) The purpose of this study was to investigate the growth changes of maxilla and mandible and position changes of first permanent molars of growing children. The author analyzed the data using cephalometric roentgenogram of 43 boys and 39 girls age of 6 to 11 with normal occlusion. The obtained results were as follows 1. The eruption path of maxillary and mandibular first permanent molar superimposed on TMANS and mandibular plane shows individual variation. 2. There was no correlation between horizontal and vertical changes of maxillary first permanent molar, but positive correlation in mandibular first permanent molar. 3. As the eruption, the forward changes of mandibular first permanent molar was significantly greater than that of maxillary first permanent molar. 4. As the ages were increased, there were irregular growth changes of maxilla and mandible. 5. Growth changes of lower anterior facial height was relatively stable 6. N-S-6 was stable after age7. [์˜๋ฌธ] The purpose of this study was to investigate the growth changes of maxilla and mandible and position changes of first permanent molars of growing children. The author analyzed the data using cephalometric roentgenogram of 43 boys and 39 girls age of 6 to 11 with normal occlusion. The obtained results were as follows 1. The eruption path of maxillary and mandibular first permanent molar superimposed on TMANS and mandibular plane shows individual variation. 2. There was no correlation between horizontal and vertical changes of maxillary first permanent molar, but positive correlation in mandibular first permanent molar. 3. As the eruption, the forward changes of mandibular first permanent molar was significantly greater than that of maxillary first permanent molar. 4. As the ages were increased, there were irregular growth changes of maxilla and mandible. 5. Growth changes of lower anterior facial height was relatively stable 6. N-S-6 was stable after age7.restrictio

    (A) study on secondary images in panoramic radiograph

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    ์น˜์˜ํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํŒŒ๋…ธ๋ผ๋งˆ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ์ง„์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ฐจ์ƒ๊ณผ ์ด์ฐจ์ƒ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ์ด์ฐจ์ƒ์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธ๋ฅ˜๊ฑด์กฐ๋‘๊ฐœ๊ณจ์˜ ์ฃผ์š”ํ•ด๋ถ€ ํ•™์ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ ๋ฐ ์ž„์˜๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ๋ถ€์œ„์— ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ๋ถˆํˆฌ๊ณผ์„ฑ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ฐฉํ•œ ํ›„ ํ†ต๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™˜์˜ํ•œ ์ด 65๋งค์˜ ํŒŒ๋…ธ๋ผ๋งˆ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ค‘ 17๋งค๋ฅผ ์„ ๋ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํŒ๋… ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋ฐ” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ๊ฒฝ์ถ”์˜ ์ƒ์ด ํ•„๋ฆ„์˜ ์ •์ค‘๋ถ€์œ„์™€ ์ขŒ์šฐ์ธก๋ฐฉ๋ถ€์œ„๋“ฑ ์„ธ๋ถ€์œ„์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ •์ค‘๋ถ€์œ„์—์„œ๋Š” ํ›„์ „๋ฐฉํˆฌ๊ณผ์ƒ์ด ํ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์ขŒ์šฐ์ธก๋ฐฉ๋ถ€์œ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ธก๋ฐฉํˆฌ๊ณผ์ƒ์ด ๋ณด๋‹ค ์„ ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์•…์ง€ ํ›„๋ฐฉ๋ถ€์œ„์™€ ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋˜์–ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 2. ํ•˜์•…๊ณจ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•˜์•…์ง€ํ›„์—ฐ์˜ ์ด์ฐจ์ƒ์ด ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ธก ํ•˜์•…์ง€์ „์—ฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ›„๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธธ๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ์žฅ๋˜์–ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ณผ๋‘์˜ ์ด์ฐจ์ƒ์ด ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ธก ๊ณผ๋‘์˜ ์ƒ๋ฐฉ๋ถ€์œ„์— ์ˆ˜ํ‰์—ฐ์žฅ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 3. ์ƒ์•…๊ณจ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ตฌ๊ฐœ๋ถ€ ํ›„๋ฐฉ๋ถ€์œ„๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์•ผ๊ธฐ๋œ ์ด์ฐจ์ƒ์ด ๋น„๊ฐ•์˜ ํ•˜๋ฐฉ๋ถ€์œ„์™€ ์ƒ์•…๋™์˜๋‚ด์ธก๋ฒฝ์— ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋˜์–ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 4. ํ›„๋‘๊ณผ์™€ ์œ ์–‘๋Œ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ผ์ฐจ์ƒ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ถ€์œ„์— ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋˜์–ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ›„๋‘๊ณผ์˜์ด์ฐจ์ƒ๋งŒ์ด ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ธก ํ›„๋‘๊ณผ์˜ ์ผ์ฐจ์ƒ ์œ„์— ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ™•๋Œ€๋˜์–ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 5. ๋‘๊ฐœ์ €์˜ ์ •์ค‘๋ถ€์œ„์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์ „๋‘๋™ํ•˜์—ฐ, ํ† ์ด๊ธฐ์•ˆ, ์ ‘๊ณจ๋™ํ•˜์—ฐ ๋ฐ ํ›„๋‘๊ณจํ›„๋ฐฉ๋ถ€์œ„์˜ ์ƒ์ด ์ •์ค‘์„ ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ขŒ์šฐ ๋Œ€์นญ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–‘์ธก์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] This study was performed to observe the secondary images and to analyse the relationships between the primary and secondary images in panoramic radiograph. Using the Moritta's Panex-EC panoramic x-ray machine and the human dry skull, the author analysed 17 radiographs which were selected from 65 radiographs of the dry skull that attached the radipgaque materials, and the attached regions of the radiopaque materials were the normal anatomical structures which were important and the selected regions for the evaluation of the secondary images effectively. The results were as follows; 1. The cervical vertebrae showed three images. The midline image was the most distorted and less clear, and bilateral images were slightly superimposed over the posterior border of the mandibular ramus. 2. In mandible, the secondary image of the posterior border of the ramus was superimposed on the opposite ramus region, and this image was elongated from the anterior border of the ramus to the lateral side of the posterior border of the ramus. The secondary image of the condyle was observed on the upper area of the coronoid process, the sigmoid notch and the condyle in opposite side. 3. In maxilla, the posterior region of the hard palate showed the secondary image on the lower part of the nasal cavity and the medial wall of the maxillary sinus. 4. The primary images of the occipital condyle and the mastoid process appeared on the same region, and only the secondary image of the occipital condyle was observed symmetrically on the opposite side with similar shape to the primary one. 5. In the cranial base, the anatomical structures of the midsagittal portions like a inferior border of the frontal sinus, sella turcica, inferior borderr of the sphenoid sinus and inferior border of the posterior part of the occipital bone showed the simillar shape between the primary and secondary images symmetrically.restrictio

    Communications in the Villages neighboring Metropolitan City

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    A Study on the development of education program in architectural design : Focused on the composition of design project

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธๅคงๅญธๆ ก ๅคงๅญธ้™ข :ๅปบ็ฏ‰ๅญธ็ง‘,1995.Docto
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