49 research outputs found

    Price divergences & convertible arbitrage strategy

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    Thesis(masters) --์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ฒฝ์˜์ „๋ฌธ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ฒฝ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ(SNUGlobal MBA์ „๊ณต),2010.8.Maste

    Down-regulation of MutY by oxidative stress in Escherichia coli ๋Œ€์žฅ๊ท ์—์„œ ์‚ฐํ™”์  ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์— ์˜ํ•œ MutY์˜ ํ•˜ํ–ฅ ์กฐ์ ˆ

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    Thesis (master`s)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์˜ํ•™๊ณผ ์•ฝ๋ฆฌํ•™ ์ „๊ณต,1999.Maste

    The Shaping and Changes of Scientific Discourses: Focusing on the Discourses on Sex/Gender Differences

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ํ˜‘๋™๊ณผ์ • ๊ณผํ•™์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ๊ณผํ•™์ฒ ํ•™์ „๊ณต, 2016. 8. ํ™์„ฑ์šฑ.๊ทผ๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„ ๊ณ„๋ชฝ ์ฒ ํ•™์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ํ‰๋“ฑํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‚จ์„ฑ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์ •๋‹นํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์€ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ด์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ๊ณผํ•™์ด ์ด ์ฃผ์žฅ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์€ ์„ ์ฒœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋งก๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ณ„๋ชฝ ์ฒ ํ•™์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์€ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋น„ํŒํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋‚จ๋…€์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ํƒ€๊ณ ๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ•™์Šต๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ 20์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•œ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•™์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์˜ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„์ง ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ƒํƒœ์ž„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ๋‡Œ์˜ ์„ฑ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋‚จ๋…€์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์„ฑํ–ฅ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ด๋ก ์ด ํž˜์„ ์–ป๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋‡Œ ์˜์ƒ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‡Œ ํ™œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ํฐ ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ณผํ•™ ๋‹ด๋ก ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๊ณ  ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋จผ์ € ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ์•ˆ์˜ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ํ›„, ์„ฑ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ fMRI ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™ ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ, ๋‡Œ๊ณผํ•™ ๋Œ€์ค‘์„œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‡Œ๊ณผํ•™ ๋Œ€์ค‘์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ธ๋ก  ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋„คํ‹ฐ์ฆŒ ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๋‹ด๋ก ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ฒด์™€ ์ฃผ์ฒด์˜ ์ธ์‹์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋‹ด๋ก ์ด ์„œ๋กœ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ฃผ์ฒด์˜ ์ธ์‹๋„ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์ฒด์™€ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €, ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ์•ˆ์—์„œ์˜ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก  ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค๋„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก  ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์„ฑ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ถ€ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์„ฑ์ฐจ๋งˆ์ € ๋ถ€์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ๊ณผ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์— ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์„ฑ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋„ ์  ๋” ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์ด ์„ฑ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฐ˜์˜๋˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์  ๋” ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‰ด๋กœ์„น์‹œ์ฆ˜(neurosexism) ํ˜„์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋ถ„์„์€ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ž˜ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. 4์žฅ๊ณผ 5์žฅ์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ fMRI ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™ ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค์ด ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์  ๋” ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค์ด ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ๋„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ ‘ํ•œ ๋‹ด๋ก ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์˜ ์ธ์‹์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ , ์ด ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋ฐ˜์˜๋˜์–ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค์ด ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ฐ€์น˜์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘” ๋‹ด๋ก ์ด ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ๋„ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ๊ณผ ์ง„ํ™”๋ก  ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋” ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์  ๋” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ ๋‘ ํŽธ์€ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ๋‡Œ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๊ณผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ธ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ ์€ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜, ์ง„ํ™”๋ก , ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•™, ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. 6์žฅ๊ณผ 7์žฅ์€ ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์™œ๊ณก๋˜๊ณ , ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ์ด ํ™•์‚ฐ๋˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ด ๋‹ด๋ก ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‚จ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์„ ์ฒœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋‡Œ๊ณผํ•™ ๋Œ€์ค‘์„œ๋“ค์€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋“ฑ์„ ํŽธํ–ฅ๋˜๊ฒŒ ์ธ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์™œ๊ณกํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ์„ ์™œ๊ณกํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ฃผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ ‘ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค์„ ์˜์‹ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์— ๋น„์ถ”์–ด ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ํŠน์ • ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฃผ์ฒด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์™œ๊ณกํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ๋‹ด๋ก ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ณผํ•™์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋ฉด ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋„ ํž˜์„ ์–ป๋Š”๋‹ค. ์–ธ๋ก ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์ค‘์€ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณผํ•™์ ์ธ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ , ๋Œ€์ค‘์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋‡Œ๊ณผํ•™ ๋Œ€์ค‘์„œ๋“ค์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๊ณผํ•™์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐ•ํ•œ ์ฝ”๋ธ๋ฆฌ์•„ ํŒŒ์ธ์˜ ์ฑ…์ด ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋˜์–ด ์ถœํŒ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ธ๋ก ๋„ ๋Œ€์ค‘๋„ ํŒŒ์ธ์˜ ์ฑ…์ด ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒผ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋„คํ‹ฐ์ฆŒ์€ ํŒŒ์ธ์˜ ์ฑ…์— ์„ค๋“๋‹นํ•ด ์„ฑ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์ƒ์€ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ์‹ค์ฒœ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๋‹ด๋ก  ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜์‹์„ ๋‹ด์€ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ์ด ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ์˜์—ญ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋ฉด ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋„ ํž˜์„ ์–ป๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณผํ•™์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก  ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์ • ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ด์€ ๋‹ด๋ก ์ด ์ฃผ์ฒด์™€ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ œ์•ˆ์€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฑ…์ž„๊ณผ ์œค๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•™์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐํš์˜ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ธ์‹๋ก ๊ณผ ์กด์žฌ๋ก , ์œค๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋“œ(2007)์˜ ํ–‰์œ„์  ์‹ค์žฌ๋ก ์ด ์ง€์‹, ํ˜„์ƒ, ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ์–ฝํ˜€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ด์€ ์ง€์‹์ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋‹ด๋ก ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ , ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ธ์‹๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ฃผ์ฒด์˜ ์ธ์‹, ๋‹ด๋ก , ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค.โ…  ์„œ๋ก  1 1. ๋ฌธ์ œ์ œ๊ธฐ 1 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก  5 3. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 7 โ…ก ์ด๋ก ์  ๋…ผ์˜ 10 1. ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•™, ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ดํ•ด 12 1.1. ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•™ ๋…ผ์˜๋“ค 12 1.2. ๊ณผํ•™์ง€์‹์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ดํ•ด, ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ฃผ์˜ 16 1.3. ๊ณผํ•™์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์ด ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…, ANT 21 2. ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•™, ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐํš 25 2.1. ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ค‘์‹ฌ์„ฑ 25 2.2. ๊ณผํ•™์ง€์‹์˜ ๊ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ œ์•ˆ๋“ค 29 2.3. ์  ๋”์™€ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ฒœ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 35 2.4. ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐํš, ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•™์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ ํ™•์žฅ 41 2.5. ์ฃผ์ฒด์™€ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ 43 3. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ: ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก  ๋ถ„์„์ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํ•จ์˜ 49 โ…ข ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์—์„œ ๋ณธ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 52 1. ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ์•ˆ์—์„œ์˜ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก  53 1.1. ์„ฑ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์˜ ๋…ผ์˜๋“ค 53 1.2. ์„น์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜๊ณผ ๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•™์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ 61 1.3. ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜๊ณผ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก  69 2. ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ: ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ž์—ฐ์ฒ ํ•™์—์„œ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™๊นŒ์ง€ 71 2.1. ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ์—ด๋“ฑํ•˜๋‹ค 72 2.2. ์‚ฌํšŒ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™, ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด 77 2.3. ์„ฑํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ฑ 83 3. ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด์„: ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ 92 3.1. ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์˜ ํ•ด์„ 93 3.2. ๊ณผํ•™์ž์˜ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก  ์ˆ˜์šฉ 96 3.3. ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก  ์•ˆ์—์„œ์˜ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ, ๊ณผํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ „ํ†ต ์•ˆ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์ž 98 4. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ: ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ 102 โ…ฃ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด 107 1. ๋‰ด๋กœ์„น์‹œ์ฆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค 109 1.1. ์  ๋” ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์ด ๋ฐ˜์˜๋œ ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ์‹ค 110 1.2. ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์  ๋” ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค 112 1.3. ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก  ์•ˆ์—์„œ์˜ ๋‰ด๋กœ์„น์‹œ์ฆ˜ ๊ฐœ๋…, ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ์—ญํ•  113 2. fMRI ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํŠน์ง• 115 2.1. ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค, ๋ชจ์ˆœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช… 116 2.2. ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์„ค 119 2.3. ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค 124 3. fMRI ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ 134 3.1. fMRI ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์ด ํŽธํ–ฅ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€ 134 3.2. ์„ฑ์ฐจ์˜ ์›์ธ, ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ธ๊ฐ€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ธ๊ฐ€ 140 4. ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜, ๊ณผํ•™์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋‹ค 147 4.1. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ 147 4.2. ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ํŒŒํŽธ๋“ค 149 4.3. ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์„ ๋‹ด์€ ์ด๋ก ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ, ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ 152 5. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ: ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค 155 โ…ค ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค 158 1. ์ง€์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด์„ 159 1.1. ๋‡Œ ์˜์ƒ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„์™€ fMRI ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ 159 1.2. ๋ชจ์ˆœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด์„ 161 1.3. ์„ฑ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค vs. ์„ฑ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค 163 2. ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ 167 2.1. ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‡Œ, ์œ ์ „์ž์™€ ์„ฑํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์˜ ์—ญํ•  167 2.2. ๋‡Œ์˜ ์„ฑ์ฐจ, ์ง„ํ™”์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 168 2.3. ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์ง„ํ™”๋ก , ENA ์ด๋ก  170 3. ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ 172 3.1. ์„œ๋กœ ์–ฝํ˜€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„น์Šค(sex)์™€ ์  ๋”(gender) 172 3.2. ์ฐจ์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ํฐ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ 174 3.3. ๋‚จ๋…€์˜ ์ฐจ์ด, ๊ฒฝํ—˜๊ณผ ํ•™์Šต์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 175 3.4. ์„ฑ์ธ์ง€ ์˜ํ•™, ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ž„์ƒ์  ํ•จ์˜ 176 4. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ: ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ 178 โ…ฅ ๋Œ€์ค‘์„œ์—์„œ ์™œ๊ณก๋˜๋Š” ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก  180 1. ๋Œ€์ค‘์„œ์˜ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ์˜์‹ 181 1.1. ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ: ํ‰๊ท ์ ์ธ ์ฐจ์ด, ๊ฐœ์ธ์ฐจ 181 1.2. ์„ฑ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์›์ธ: ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์š”์†Œ์˜ ์ธ์ •, ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์š”์†Œ์˜ ๊ฐ•์กฐ 183 1.3. ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ์—ด๋“ฑํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค 193 1.4. ์–‘์„ฑํ‰๋“ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ: ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ์ •์‹ ์˜ ์ž์˜์  ํ•ด์„ 194 2. ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์˜ ์žฌ์ƒ์‚ฐ: ๋‡Œ ์˜์ƒ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํŽธํ–ฅ๋œ ์ธ์šฉ 200 2.1. ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… 1: ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์–ธ์–ด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 200 2.2. ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… 2: ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 202 2.3. ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… 3: ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 205 2.4. ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… 4: ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 207 2.5. ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… 5: ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ 212 2.6. ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… 6: ๋ชจ์„ฑ 214 2.7. ์„ ์ฒœ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ: ์—ฌ์•„์™€ ๋‚จ์•„์˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ ์ฐจ์ด 215 2.8. ๋‚จ๋…€์˜ ์„ฑ์  ๊ด€์‹ฌ 218 3. ์ง„ํ™”์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์˜ ๋ฌด๋น„ํŒ์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์šฉ 219 3.1. ๋‹ค์œˆ์˜ ์ง„ํ™”๋ก ๊ณผ ๋ฒ„์Šค์˜ ์ง„ํ™”์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™ 220 3.2. ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… 1: ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ฒด๊ณ„ํ™” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 223 3.3. ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… 2: ์–‘์œก, ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ฑ, ์ง€์œ„ ์ถ”๊ตฌ 227 3.4. ์ง„ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ค‘์„œ ์ €์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ดํ•ด 231 4. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ: ์ฃผ์ฒด์˜ ์ธ์‹๊ณผ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์™œ๊ณก 233 โ…ฆ ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 235 1. ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ 236 1.1. ์–ธ๋ก ์—์„œ ์žฌ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ๋‹ด๋ก  236 1.2. ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ 244 2. ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ด๋ก ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ 250 2.1. ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์ธ์‹์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ 250 2.2. ์ฑ…์˜ ๋…ผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ธ ์ ‘๊ทผ 256 2.3. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋… 263 3. ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ๋‹ด๋ก ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐ•ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 266 3.1. ์–ธ๋ก ์˜ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 266 3.2. ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์ธ์‹๊ณผ ์„ฑ์ฐจ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 270 4. ์†Œ๊ฒฐ: ๊ณผํ•™์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์ฒด์˜ ์ธ์‹๊ณผ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 274 โ…ง ๊ฒฐ๋ก  276 1. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ์š”์•ฝ๊ณผ ์ •๋ฆฌ 276 2. ์ฃผ์ฒด์™€ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 278 2.1. ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์˜ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณธ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์–‘์œก์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ 278 2.2. ์ฃผ์ฒด์™€ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ 282 ์ฐธ๊ณ  ๋ฌธํ—Œ 286 Abstract 316Docto

    Development and evaluation of transitional nursing program of brain injury patients and family caregivers in neurological care unit

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    ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ณผ/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” Meleis ๋“ฑ(2000)์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์ด๋ก ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „ํ™˜์ด๋ก ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ, ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ง„๊ณผ ํฌ์ปค์Šค ๊ทธ๋ฃน ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ๋„ ํŒŒ์•…, ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์™€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ์ง‘๋‹จ ๋‚ด์šฉ ํƒ€๋‹น๋„ ๊ฒ€์ฆ, ์ž„์ƒ ์ ์šฉ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ตœ์ข… ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ํšจ๊ณผ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ์ „์‹ค์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ ์‹œ์ ๊ณผ ์ „ํ™˜ ํ›„ ํ‡ด์› ์‹œ์ ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋น„๋™๋“ฑ์„ฑ ์ „ํ›„ ์„ค๊ณ„์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌ ์‹คํ—˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ 2011๋…„ 3์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2012๋…„ 3์›”๊นŒ์ง€์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ณ‘์‹ค๋กœ ์ „์‹ค์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— 2011๋…„ 6์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2007๋…„ 10์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ 48๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋™์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ํ›„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 2011๋…„ 12์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2012๋…„ 3์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ 46๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ „์‹ค ๊ฒฐ์ •์‹œ์ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ‡ด์›ํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ „์‹ค์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ ์‹œ์ ๊ณผ ํ‡ด์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „ ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” SPSS 15.0์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 1) ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ „ํ™˜์ด๋ก ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฐœ๋… ์ค‘์—์„œ ์ „ํ™˜์˜ ์†์„ฑ์ธ ์ธ์‹๊ณผ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์ „ํ™˜์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์กฐ๊ฑด์ธ ์ „ํ™˜์ค€๋น„์™€ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ธ ์ง€์ง€์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์กฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „ํ™˜๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „ํ™˜๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์‹œ์ ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์˜์—ญ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ „ํ™˜์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์‹œ์ ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์˜์—ญ์€ ํ™˜์ž ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ, ๋ณ‘๋™์—ฐ๊ณ„, ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ ์ง€์ง€, ํ˜‘๋™ ๋ฐ ์ž๋ฌธ, ๋ฆฌ๋”์‰ฝ ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ๊ณผ ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋ฐ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ง„๊ณผ์˜ ํฌ์ปค์Šค ๊ทธ๋ฃน ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ, ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ๋ก ๋‚ด์šฉ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ค‘์žฌ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ค‘์žฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ค‘์žฌ ์ž์›์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ์ „ํ™˜์ „ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„๋ฉด๋‹ด, ๊ฐœ๋ณ„๊ต์œก, ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋ชจ์ž„, ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ณ‘์‹ค ์ „ํ™˜์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ์œ ์‚ฌ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์†Œ๊ฐœ, ์ง์ ‘์‹ค์Šต, ์ง์ ‘ํˆฌ์–ด, ์ง์ ‘๊ด€์ฐฐ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰, ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต ๋“ฑ์„ ๋‚ด์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฆฌํ”Œ๋ ›, ์†Œ์ฑ…์ž, ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ง€, EMR(electronic medical recording) ๋“ฑ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „์‹ค์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ ์‹œ์ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ‡ด์›์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์‹œ์ ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2) ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์ „ํ™˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์„ค 1. โ€œ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ ์šฉ ํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ณ‘์‹ค ์ „ํ™˜์ค€๋น„์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹คโ€๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ณ‘์‹ค ์ „ํ™˜์ค€๋น„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  158.35์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์˜ 147.42์ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค(p<0.001). ์ „ํ™˜์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ•œ ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์€ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์ด 93.5%๋กœ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์˜ 89.6%๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์•˜์œผ๋‚˜ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์„ค 2. โ€œ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ ์šฉ ํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ํ‡ด์›์ค€๋น„์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹คโ€๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ณ‘์‹ค ํ‡ด์›์ค€๋น„์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  166.22์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์˜ 154.65์ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค(p<0.001). ํ‡ด์›์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ•œ ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์€ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์ด 97.8%๋กœ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์˜ 83.5%๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค(p=0.42). ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋ฐ˜์‘์–‘์ƒ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์„ค 1. โ€œ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ ์šฉ ํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.โ€๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ „ํ™˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” 10์  ๋งŒ์ ์— ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์€ 4.46์ ์—์„œ 2.78์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์€ 4.60์ ์—์„œ 3.73์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋˜์–ด ์ง‘๋‹จ๊ฐ„(p=.025), ์‹œ์ ๊ฐ„(p<.001)์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(p=.009). ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” 10์  ๋งŒ์ ์— ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์€ 4.80์ ์—์„œ 2.83์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์€ 4.56์ ์—์„œ 3.94์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋˜์–ด ์ง‘๋‹จ๊ฐ„(p=.008), ์‹œ์ ๊ฐ„(p<.001)์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(p<.001). ๊ฐ€์„ค 2. โ€œ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜๋ถˆ์•ˆ์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.โ€๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ „ํ™˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์€ 100์  ๋งŒ์ ์— ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์€ 52.39์ ์—์„œ 46.74์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์€ 51.81์ ์—์„œ 49.67์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋˜์–ด ๊ตํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(p=.050). ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜ ํ›„ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์€ 100์  ๋งŒ์ ์— ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์€ 54.04์ ์—์„œ 44.22์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์€ 52.46์ ์—์„œ 48.88์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋˜์–ด ๊ตํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(p=.001). ๊ฐ€์„ค 3. โ€œ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ ์šฉ ํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ƒํƒœ๋Š” ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.โ€๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ƒํƒœ๋Š” 10์  ๋งŒ์ ์— ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์ด 5.98์ ์—์„œ 8.04์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์€ 6.42์ ์—์„œ 6.83์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋˜์–ด ์ง‘๋‹จ๊ฐ„(p=.049), ์‹œ์ ๊ฐ„(p<.001)์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(p<.001). ๊ฐ€์„ค 4. โ€œ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ ์šฉ ์ „ใ†ํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋ถ€๋‹ด๊ฐ์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.โ€๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ๋Œ๋ด„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋‹ด๊ฐ์€ 110์  ๋งŒ์ ์— ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์€ 56.63์ ์—์„œ 41.57์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์€ 54.38์ ์—์„œ 47.85์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋˜์–ด ๊ตํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(p<.001). ๊ฐ€์„ค 5. โ€œ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ ์šฉ ํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค ์žฌ์ž…์‹ค ๊ฑด์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.โ€๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์„ค 6. โ€œ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ ์šฉ ํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ณ‘์‹ค ์žฌ์›๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.โ€๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์„ค 7. โ€œ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ ์šฉ ํ›„ ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š” ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.โ€๋Š” ์ง€์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„๋กœ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š” 55์  ๋งŒ์ ์— ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์ด 48.46์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์˜ 34.92์ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค(p<.001). ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š” 55์  ๋งŒ์ ์— ์‹คํ—˜๊ตฐ์ด 49.00์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ์˜ 36.46์ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค(p<.001). ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค ๋‡Œ์†์ƒ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹๊ณผ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œ์ผฐ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ „ํ™˜์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์ด‰์ง„์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์–‘์ƒ์„ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋ƒˆ๊ณ , ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ์ „ํ™˜์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ–ฅํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” Meleis ๋“ฑ(2000)์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์ด๋ก ์„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ „ํ™˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ํ™•๋Œ€ ์ ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ์–ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์›ํ™œํ•œ ์ „ํ™˜๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ๊ณผ ์žฅ์• ์š”์ธ์„ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „ํ™˜๊ณผ์ •์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ง„์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ฌ์ธต ๋ฉด๋‹ด์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์–ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „ํ™˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์˜ ์งˆ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์‹ค๋ฌด์ž์˜ ์ธ์‹์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ „๋žต์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•จ์„ ์ œ์–ธํ•œ๋‹ค.ope

    (The) effects of aroma inhalation on sleep and fatigue in night shift nurses

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    ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์•„๋กœ๋งˆ ํก์ž…์ด ๋ฐค๋ฒˆ๊ทผ๋ฌด ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด๊ณผ ํ”ผ๋กœ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์‹œ๋„๋œ ๋‹จ์ผ๊ตฐ ์ „ํ›„์„ค๊ณ„์˜ ์›์‹œ ์‹คํ—˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์€ ์„œ์šธ ์‹œ๋‚ด C๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต K๋ณ‘์› ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์™ธ๊ณผ ์ค‘ํ™˜์ž์‹ค์—์„œ ๋ฐค๋ฒˆ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ด 17๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.์ž๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์ง‘์€ 2007๋…„ 10์›”๏ฝž12์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋น„์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜ ์ „ใ†ํ›„ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค.์‹คํ—˜์ฒ˜์น˜์šฉ ์•„๋กœ๋งˆ๋Š” ๋ ˆ๋ชฌ, ๋ผ๋ฒค๋”, ์ƒŒ๋‹ฌ์šฐ๋“œ๋ฅผ 1 : 2 : 1์˜ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋”ฉํ•œ ์—์„ผ์…œ ์˜ค์ผ 27cc์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ฒ˜์น˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์—์„ผ์…œ ์˜ค์ผ์„ 2ร—2๊ฑฐ์ฆˆ์— 1๋ฐฉ์šธ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ ค ์ฝ”๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 5cm ์ด๋‚ด์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ 2๋ถ„๊ฐ„์˜ ํก์ž…์„ ์ทจ์นจ ์ „ 1ํšŒ์”ฉ ์ด 2ํšŒ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋งค ํก์ž… ํ›„ ์•„๋กœ๋งˆ ๋ชฉ๊ฑธ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐฉ์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์‚ฌ์ „ใ†์‚ฌํ›„ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด๊ณผ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์–‘์ƒ์€ actigraph๋กœ, ์ฃผ๊ด€์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์–‘์ƒ์€ Verran & Synder-Halpern(VSH) Sleep Scale(1987)์„ ๊น€๊ฒฝํฌ(2001)๊ฐ€ ๋ฒˆ์—ญํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ใ†๋ณด์™„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๊ณ , ํ”ผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ผ๋ณธ์‚ฐ์—…์œ„์ƒํ˜‘ํšŒ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ”ผ๋กœ์œ„์›ํšŒ(1988)๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ํ”ผ๋กœ ์ž๊ฐ์ฆ์ƒ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ‘œ์™€ cline ๋“ฑ(1992)์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ์ƒ์‚ฌ ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์ž๋ฃŒ๋ถ„์„์€ SPSS Win 12.0 ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ค์ˆ˜์™€ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ, ๋น„๋ชจ์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ธ Friedman,๊ณผ Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.1. ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์ž ๋ณต๊ธฐ๋Š” ์•„๋กœ๋งˆ ํก์ž… ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ํก์ž… ํ›„์— ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.2. ์ž…๋ฉด ํ›„ ๊ฐ์„ฑํšŸ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์•„๋กœ๋งˆ ํก์ž… ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ํก์ž… ํ›„์— ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(ฯ‡2=5.70, p=.05).3. ์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์•„๋กœ๋งˆ ํก์ž… ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ํก์ž… ํ›„์— ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.4. ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ํšจ์œจ์€ ์•„๋กœ๋งˆ ํก์ž… ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ํก์ž… ํ›„์— ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(ฯ‡2=11.41, p=.003).5. ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์˜ ์งˆ์€ ์•„๋กœ๋งˆ ํก์ž… ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ํก์ž… ํ›„์— ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(ฯ‡2=25.53, p=.000).6. ํ”ผ๋กœ ์ž๊ฐ์ฆ์ƒ์€ ์•„๋กœ๋งˆ ํก์ž… ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ํก์ž… ํ›„์— ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(ฯ‡2=26.30, p=.000).7. ํ”ผ๋กœ ์ž๊ฐ๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” ์•„๋กœ๋งˆ ํก์ž… ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ํก์ž… ํ›„์— ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜ ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค(ฯ‡2=24.30, p=.000).์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์•„๋กœ๋งˆ ํก์ž…์ด ๋ฐค๋ฒˆ๊ทผ๋ฌด ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ž…๋ฉด ํ›„ ๊ฐ์„ฑํšŸ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ํšจ์œจ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ ํ”ผ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์ž ๋ณต๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ]This study is original experimental study with "before and after design" of single cluster to examine effects of inhalation of Aroma on sleep and fatigue of night shift nurses, and objectives of the study were total 17 night shift nurses who work at neurosurgery intensive care unit of K hospital, of C university in Seoul city.Data was collected from preliminary survey in October๏ฝžDecember, 2007 and successively before and after this experiment.Aroma for experimental treatment was 27cc of essential oil blended with lemon, lavender, sandalwood of which proportion was 1 : 2 : 1, and treatment method was to make objectives inhale essential oil in 2ร—2 gauze to which one drop was soaked, within the distance of 5cm from nose to take one breath two times before going to sleep while wearing Aroma necklace.Sleeping and fatigue were measured before and after examinations, and actigraph for objective sleep type, a translated tool of Verran & Synder-Halpern (VSH)Sleep Scale(1987) by Kim Gyeong Hui(2001) for subjective sleep type were used to measure, and fatigue was measured by visual analog scale that Cline and others(1992) developed and the subjective symptoms questionnaire developed by the Industrial Fatigue Committee(1988) of the Japan Industrial Sanitary Association.SPSS Win 12.0 program was used for data analysis, and Friedman and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test which is analysis method of real number, percentage, non-parameter was used to analyze.The result of study is as follows.1. The sleep latent period increased after inhalation than that before inhalation, there was no statistically meaningful difference.2. Awakening number decreased after inhalation than that before inhalation and there was statistically meaningful difference(ฯ‡2=5.70, p=.05).3. Total sleeping hours decreased after inhalation than that before inhalation and there was no statistically meaningful difference.4. Sleep efficiency increased after inhalation than that before inhalation, there was no statistically meaningful difference(ฯ‡2=11.41, p=.003).5. Quality of sleep increased after inhalation than that before inhalation and there was statistically meaningful difference(ฯ‡2=25.53, p=.000).6. Subjective symptom of fatigue increased after inhalation than that before inhalation, and there was statistically meaningful difference(ฯ‡2=26.30, p=.000).7. Intensity of subjective symptom of fatigue increased after inhalation than that before inhalation, and there was statistically meaningful difference(ฯ‡2=24.30, p=.000).Above results clarify that inhalation of Aroma of night shift nurses reduce awakening numbers after sleeping and increase sleep efficiency and reduce fatigue, but increase sleep latent period and reduce total sleeping hours, on which repeated studies are needed.ope

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    ์‚ผ์ค‘ํ•ญ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ„๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๊ณ ํšจ์œจ ์–‘์ž์  ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    Master์–‘์ž์ ์€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ , ๊ด‘ํ•™์  ์„ฑ์งˆ์„ ์กฐ์ ˆ์ด ์šฉ์ดํ•˜์—ฌ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๋น› ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „ํ•˜, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ž, ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฉ์ดํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–‘์ž์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€, ๋””์Šคํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด, ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค ์„ผ์„œ, ๊ด‘์ด‰๋งค ๋“ฑ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด‘์ „์ž๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ์–‘์ž์ ์€ ์ „์ž์™€ ์ •๊ณต์˜ ์ด๋™์œผ๋กœ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ฒŒํฌ ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ๋ฌผ์งˆ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, ์ „ํ•˜ ์šด๋ฐ˜์ž ์—†์ด ๋‹ค์ค‘ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ž ์ƒ์„ฑ, ์ƒํ–ฅ/ํ•˜ํ–ฅ ๋ณ€ํ™˜, ํฌ์Šคํ„ฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌ, ๋ฑ์Šคํ„ฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌ ๋“ฑ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ž ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœํ˜„๋œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์‚ผ์ค‘ํ•ญ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌ (TET) ๋‹จ์ผํ•ญ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ž์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋Š๋ฆฐ ์ด๋™์†๋„, ๊ธด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ž ์ˆ˜๋ช…, ๋‹จ์ผํ•ญ-์‚ผ์ค‘ํ•ญ ๊ณ„๊ฐ„์ „์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ธˆ์ง€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด ๋ฌผ์งˆ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ž์˜ ์ด๋™์ด ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์–‘์ž์ ์€ ํŠน์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์—†์ด ์–‘์ž ์ œํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋‹จ์ผํ•ญ๊ณผ ์‚ผ์ค‘ํ•ญ์˜ ์Šคํ•€ ์–‘์ž ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ๊ทธ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘์•„ (1- 10 meV) ๋น„๊ต์  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†์‹ค ์—†์ด TET๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์—์„œ ์–‘์ž์ ์ด ์‚ผ์ค‘ํ•ญ ์ฃผ๊ฐœ์ด์ž ๋ฐ›๊ฐœ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•จ์„ ์‹คํ—˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‚ฌ์ด์ฆˆ ์กฐ์ ˆ, ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ„๋“œ ์นœํ™”๋„, ์–‘์ž์ ๊ณผ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ„๋“œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง„ ์ค€์œ„ ์กฐ์ ˆ ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด TET ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ›„์†์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ํ™œ๋ฐœํžˆ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์–‘์ž์ ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ TET ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์šฉ์•ก์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ TET๋ฅผ ๊ด‘์ „์ž๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๋ฏธํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ๋‹ค. PbS ์–‘์ž์ ์€ ๋†’์€ ์œ ์ „์œจ, ํฐ ๋ณด์–ด ๋ฐ˜์ง€๋ฆ„, ๋‚ฎ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ž ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ๊ด‘ํ™œ์„ฑ์ธต์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ํ˜„์žฌ 13%๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜๊ณ  ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ TET ํ˜„์ƒ์—์„œ๋„ PbS ์–‘์ž์ ์ด ์ง์ ‘ ์‚ผ์ค‘ํ•ญ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ž๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๊ฐœ์ด์ž ๋ฐ›๊ฐœ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ , ๊ณ ์ฒด ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์‚ผ์ค‘ํ•ญ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ž๋ฅผ ์ „ํ•˜๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์‹œ์ผœ ๊ด‘์ „๋ฅ˜๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹คํ—˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ PbS ์–‘์ž์  ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€์— TET๋ฅผ ์ ‘๋ชฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ „ํ™˜๋œ ๊ด‘๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋” ๋†’์€ ๊ด‘์ „ํ™˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ TET์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌธํ—Œ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ผ์ค‘ํ•ญ ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๊ตฐ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ 9-anthracene carboxylic acid, ACA๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ACA๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€์ด๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ACA์˜ ์นด๋ฅด๋ณต์‹ค๋ ˆ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ZnO์˜ ์‚ฐํ™”๋ฌผ ๊ณตํ•์„ ๋ถ€๋™ํƒœํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ZnO ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ACA์—์„œ PbS ์–‘์ž์  ์ธต์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋œ ์‚ผ์ค‘ํ•ญ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ž๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ด‘์ „๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์‚ผ์ค‘ํ•ญ ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์–‘์ž์ ์— ๋ถ™์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ž์–ด์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ACA๋ฅผ ZnO ์ธต์— ์„ž์–ด์„œ ACA์™€ PbS ์–‘์ž์ ์˜ ์ด์ค‘์ธต์„ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ACA ์–‘์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•ด์„œ (1~10 wt%) ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ด๋‹น ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด PL. SCLC, XPS, CV, EIS, J-V characteristics ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ด‘ํ•™์ , ์ „๊ธฐ์  ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, 5 wt% ACA๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์€ ์†Œ์ž์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์†Œ์ž ๋Œ€๋น„ (11.18%) ๋†’์€ ํšจ์œจ(11.97%)์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” TET ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐํ•จ ํŒจ์‹œ๋ฒ ์ด์…˜์˜ ์ด์ค‘ ํšจ๊ณผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ฐœ์„ ๋œ ๋‹จ๋ฝ ์ „๋ฅ˜ (29.90 mA/cm2) ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ ์ „์•• (0.61 V)์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ TET ์‘์šฉ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „๋žต์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋‹ค.Triplet exciton has attracted attention for its utility in optoelectronics due to its long exciton lifetime and diffusion length, but triplet energy transfer(TET) in organic systems has been limited due to the properties of spin-forbidden triplet excitons. Recently, many research groups have demonstrated that quantum dots are promising mediators that transmit and receive triplet excitons in solution systems because of their ill-defined quantum number. However, there are insufficient studies to elucidate the TET effect in optoelectronic devices experimentally. Therefore, I demonstrate the successful incorporation of an acene-based triplet donor material, 9-anthracene carboxylic acid (ACA), into photovoltaic devices. ACA not only passivates oxygen defect sites but also harvests triplet excitons. In bilayer structure with PbS QDs, the triplet excitons successfully transfer to PbS QD solids, increasing the photocurrent. The PbS QD solar cells with ACA showed the highest efficiency (11.97 %) with the enhancement of JSC (29.9 mA/cm2) and VOC (0.61 V) than that of the pristine device. Consequently, I believe our results will provide a simple approach to realize both improved passivations of ZnO and TET application strategy for efficient PbS QD solar cells in the future
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