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    A Study on Mental Health Status in Adult according to Commensality and Household types Using 6th, 7th (2013-2017) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๋ณด๊ฑด๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™๊ณผ(๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™์ „๊ณต),2020. 2. ์กฐ์„ฑ์ผ.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ œ 6, 7๊ธฐ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์˜์–‘์กฐ์‚ฌ(2013-2017) ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ 19์„ธ ์ด์ƒ ์„ฑ์ธ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ ์œ ๋ฌด ๋ฐ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์œ„ํ—˜ ์š”์ธ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์„œ์ˆ ์  ๋‹จ๋ฉด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค, ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ ๋“ฑ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด์ค‘ ์ข…์† ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ธก์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์™€ ์„ธ๋ผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฃผ 2ํšŒ ์ดํ•˜๋กœ ๋จน๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋Š” ์ œ์™ธํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ด 23,675๋ช… (๋‚จ์„ฑ: 9,725๋ช…, ์—ฌ์„ฑ: 13,950๋ช…)์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ 1์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์™€ ๋‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ๋กœ ์„ธ๋ถ„ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์™€ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹์‚ฌ์œ ํ˜• (๊ฐ€์กฑ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ, ํƒ€์ธ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ, ํ˜ผ๋ฐฅ)๊ณผ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ(์ธ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ, ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ–‰ํƒœํŠน์„ฑ)์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ๊ต์ฐจ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์ค‘ ๋กœ์ง€์Šคํ‹ฑ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ธ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์™€ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ์˜ ์ฃผ์š”๊ด€์‹ฌ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ธ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹์‚ฌ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜ผ๋ž€๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์™€ ๋‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ ์œ ํ˜•์ด ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์ค‘ ๋กœ์ง€์Šคํ‹ฑ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ํŠน์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์ •ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ, 1์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํƒ€์ธ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ํ˜ผ๋ฐฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ๋ฐœ์ƒ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ๋Š” ์•„์นจ, ์ ์‹ฌ, ์ €๋…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ˜ผ๋ฐฅ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค (OR: ์•„์นจ-1.129 (1.041-1.224), ์ ์‹ฌ-1.102 (1.006-1.208), ์ €๋…-1.373 (1.256-1.5)). ๋‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ๋Š” ํƒ€์ธ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค (OR: 1.338 (1.205-1.485)). ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”, 1์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์™€ ๋‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ €๋…์‹์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ ๋Œ€๋น„ ํ˜ผ๋ฐฅ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ์ด ๋” ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค (OR: 1์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ-1.614 (1.006-2.59), ๋‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ-1.233 (1.091-1.392)). ์ด๋Š” ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ •์„œ์  ์•ˆ์ •์„ ์ฃผ์–ด ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‹์Šต๊ด€๊ณผ ๊ธ์ •์  ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธ์ •์  ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™๋ณด ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹์‚ฌ ์‹œ ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•ด ๋‚ด์—ˆ๊ณ , 1์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์™€ ๋‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ๋กœ ์ธตํ™”๋ถ„์„์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ณ„ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ์˜์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. 1์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์™€ ๋‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ €๋…์˜ ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์›์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ 1์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ €๋…์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ๋ฐฅ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ €๋…์— ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ข€๋” ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ผ์›ํ™”๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋‹ค๊ฐํ™”๋œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์‹์Šต๊ด€ ํ™•๋ฆฝ์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ˜ผ๋ฐฅ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ถ„์„์— ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด, ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ ํ˜ผ๋ฐฅ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์‹์Šต๊ด€ ์š”์ธ์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ํŒŒ์•…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.Based on data from the 6th and 7th Korea National Health Nutrition Survey (2013-2017), this study is a descriptive cross-section study to identify mental health risk factors according to the types of commensality. General characteristics and mental health risk factors such as stress and depression according to the type of commensality were explored. A total of 23,675 (men: 9,725 and women: 13,950) were analyzed excluding those who had missing dependent variables and ate meals less than two times a week. The research analysis method were subdivided into Single-person household and Multi-person household, descriptive analysis and cross analysis to identify association for the types of commensality (Eating with Family, Eating with others, and Eating alone) and general characteristics (sociodemographic characteristics, health behavior characteristics) about stress and depression. And using multiple logistic regression, other confounding variables were controlled to identify the differences in stress and depression, which are dependent variables according to the major interest variables types of commensality. As a result of multiple logistic regression analysis to compare the effects of the type of commensality on stress with adjustment of other confounding variables, no difference was observed in single-person household population for eating with others group or eating alone group compared to eating with family group, but in the multi-person household population were found to have significantly higher stress in the eating alone group for breakfast, lunch and dinner (OR: Breakfast-1.129 (1.041-1.224), Lunch-1.102 (1.006-1.208), Dinner-1.373 (1.256-1.5)). And also for multi-person household population, a higher rate of stress was observed in eating with others group for dinner compared to eating with family group (OR: 1.338 (1.205-1.485). As for depression, it was found that both single-person household and multi-person household were more depressed when they were eating alone for dinner (OR: Single-person household-1.614 (1.006-2.59), Multi-person household-1.233 (1.091-1.392)). This can be interpreted as commensality has a positive effect on mental health by providing emotional stability to the subjects, thus requiring environmental improvement so that they can eat together for healthy eating habits and positive mental health, and promoting the positive effects of the commensality should also be made. It is meaningful that this study has produced significant results by analyzing differences in the effects on depression and stress by the type of commensality, and through stratified analysis of households with single and multi-person households to present indicators of each type of household. Both single and multi-person household showed a significant impact for dinner on their mental health. So, depending on the number of households, it should be emphasized the importance of having dinner together rather than eating alone for single-person households, and for multi-person households, the emphasis on dining together with family for dinner should be given as a basic material that provides directions for establishing proper diets that are not monolithic but diversified. This study has limitations that have not been considered in the analysis of various eating alone situations, so further studies in the future require a clear understanding of the differences in eating alone situations and an accurate understanding of the eating habits factors affecting mental health.I. ์„œ๋ก  1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1 2. ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 3 1) ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ์™€ ํ˜ผ๋ฐฅ 3 2) ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 5 3) ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์™€ ์šฐ์šธ 7 II. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 7 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์„ค๊ณ„ 7 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘ 8 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋„๊ตฌ 9 1) ์ธ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ 9 2) ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ–‰ํƒœ ํŠน์„ฑ 10 3) ์‹์Šต๊ด€ ํ–‰ํƒœ 10 4) ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ํŠน์„ฑ 10 4. ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 11 III. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 12 1. ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ํŠน์„ฑ 12 2. ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ๋ฐ ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์ƒ์˜ ์œ ๋ณ‘๋ฅ  15 3. ๊ฐ ๋ผ๋‹ˆ๋ณ„ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹์‚ฌ ์œ ํ˜• 20 4. ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ 32 1) ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ ์œ ํ˜•์ด ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 32 2) ๋™๋ฐ˜์‹์‚ฌ ์œ ํ˜•์ด ์šฐ์šธ๊ฐ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 33 IV. ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 35 V. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  39 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 42 Abstract 50Maste
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