18 research outputs found
PDDAλ‘ μΈμ¬μ§ νλ©΄ μ¦κ° λΌλ§ μ°λ νμ± μ λλ Έ κ»μ§μ μ΄μ©ν μλ¬Όμ²΄λ΄ μμ² μ λ° μ νΈ μ€μκ° κ²μΆμ κ΄ν μ°κ΅¬
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ (μμ¬) -- μμΈλνκ΅ λνμ : μ¬λ²λν κ³Όνκ΅μ‘κ³Ό(ννμ 곡), 2021. 2. μ λν.Real-time detection of phytohormones in the living plants is critical for understanding the plant defense response, and monitoring of growth conditions. Herein, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA)-functionalized bumpy silver nanoshells (AgNS@PDDA) were developed as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoprobes that can detect phytohormones in plants. AgNS@PDDA represents high SERS enhancement, and NIR activity, so that the strong SERS intensity was observed by the 785 nm photoexcitation. We obtained the distinctive SERS spectra of following three species with AgNS@PDDA: adenosine triphosphate (ATP), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and salicylic acid (SA), which can interact with PDDA through electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding. In watercress (Nasturtium officinale) leaf, AgNS@PDDA localized at the extracellular space of the mesophyll after infiltration through the stomata pores. We obtained the wound-induced SERS spectra of AgNS@PDDA in watercress leaf, and confirmed that three SERS peaks are correspond to the IAA with AgNS@PDDA Raman spectra. In addition, we demonstrate the potential application of real-time plant hormones detection by observing the increasing of IAA peaks over time from the wound-induced SERS spectra. These results indicate that the AgNS@PDDA is a highly sensitive nanosensors for use as a real-time monitoring plant defense responses.μ΄μμλ μλ¬Όλ‘λΆν° νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬μ μ€μκ° κ²μΆνλ κ²μ μλ¬Ό λ°©μ΄ μ²΄κ³λ₯Ό μ΄ν΄νκ³ μλ¬Όμ μμ₯ 쑰건μ λͺ¨λν°λ§νλ κ΄μ μμ λ§€μ° μ€μνλ€. μ°λ¦¬λ μ΄λ² μ°κ΅¬μμ μλ¬Ό λ΄ νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬μ κ²μΆν μ μλ νλ©΄ μ¦κ° μ°λ (Surface-enhanced Raman scattering) λλ
Ένλ‘λΈμΈ PDDAλ‘ μΈμ¬μ§ μ λλ
Έ κ»μ§ (AgNS@PDDA)λ₯Ό κ°λ°νμλ€. AgNS@PDDAλ λμ SERS μ¦κ°κ³Ό NIR νμ±μ λνλ΄λ―λ‘ 785 nmμ λ€λΈ λ μ΄μ λ‘λΆν° κ°ν SERS μΈκΈ°λ₯Ό λνλΈλ€. μ°λ¦¬λ AgNS@PDDAμ ν¨κ» PDDAμ μ μ κΈ°μ μΈλ ₯κ³Ό μμ κ²°ν©μΌλ‘ μνΈμμ©ν μ μλ μΈ κ°μ§ λ¬Όμ§ (ATP, IAA, SA)μ λν΄ κ°κ°μ νΉμ§μ μΈ SERS μ€ννΈλΌμ μ»μλ€. λ¬Όλμ΄μ μμΌλ‘ λ€μ΄κ° AgNS@PDDAλ μ£Όλ‘ ν΄λ©΄ μ‘°μ§ μΈν¬μ λ°κΉ₯ 곡κ°μ μμΉνλ€. λ¬Όλμ΄μ μμ μμ²λ₯Ό μ λ°νμ¬ μ»μ SERS μ€ννΈλΌμμλ μΈκ°μ λ΄μ°λ¦¬κ° AgNS@PDDAμ ν¨κ» μΈ‘μ ν IAAμ λ΄μ°λ¦¬λ€κ³Ό μΌμΉνλ κ²μ νμΈνμλ€. λλΆμ΄ μ°λ¦¬λ μμ² μ λ° SERS μ€ννΈλΌμΌλ‘λΆν° IAAμ μ νΈκ° μκ°μ λ°λΌ μ μ μ¦κ°νλ κ²μ κ΄μ°°νμ¬ μλ¬Ό νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬μ μ€μκ° κ²μΆμ λν μ μ© κ°λ₯μ±μ μ
μ¦νμλ€. μ΄ κ²°κ³Όλ€μ AgNS@PDDAκ° μλ¬Ό λ°©μ΄μ²΄κ³λ₯Ό μ€μκ° λͺ¨λν°λ§ν μ μλ κ³ κ°λμ λλ
ΈμΌμλ‘ νμ©λ μ μμμ 보μ¬μ€λ€.1. Introduction . 1
2. Experimental Section 4
2.1. Materials 4
2.2. Instruments 5
2.3. Preparation of AgNS@PDDA 6
2.4. Calculation of the SERS EF 8
2.5. SERS Measurement of Analytes with AgNS@PDDA 9
2.6. Preparation of SiNP-AF488 10
2.7. Fluorescent Confocal Micrographs 11
2.8. Detection of Wound-induced SERS Signals in Plants 12
3. Results and Discussion 13
3.1. Synthesis and Characterization of AgNS@PDDA 13
3.2. Raman Enhancement Mechanism 19
3.3. Fluorescent Confocal Imaging of Nanoprobes in Plants 23
3.4. Detection of Wound-induced SERS Signals in Plants 25
4. Conclusion 29
5. References 31
κ΅λ¬Έμ΄λ‘ 35Maste
R&D μΈλ ₯μ κ΅μ‘νλ ¨μ΄ μ§λ¬΄λ§μ‘±κ³Ό μ§λ¬΄λͺ°μ μ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯
νμλ
Όλ¬Έ (μμ¬)-- μμΈλνκ΅ νμ λνμ : 곡기μ
μ μ±
νκ³Ό, 2014. 8. λ°μμΈ.μ§λ μ λΆλ μλμ§ μμμ μμ£Όκ°λ°μ¨ μ¦κ°λ₯Ό μν΄ μμκ°λ° 곡기μ
λ€μ λνν(ν΄μΈ M&A)νμλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ νμ¬λ μμ κ°λ° R&Dμ§μλ€μ ν¨κ³Όμ μΈ μ‘μ±κ³Ό μλ κ°λ°μ μ€μμ±μ΄ κ°μ‘°λκ³ μλ μ€μ μ΄λ€. λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ λͺ©μ μ κ΅μ‘νλ ¨μ ν¬μ
μμΈκ³Ό κ³Όμ μμΈμ΄ μμ κ°λ° R&D μ§μλ€μ κ΅μ‘νλ ¨ μ±κ³ΌμΈ μ§λ¬΄λ§μ‘±κ³Ό μ§λ¬΄λͺ°μ
μ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯μ μ€μ¦μ μΌλ‘ λΆμνμ¬ ν₯ν μμ κ°λ° R&D κ΅μ‘νλ ¨μ μ±κ³Ό μ κ³ μ κ΅μ‘κ³Όμ μ κ°μ νκ³ μ νλ κ²μ΄λ€. μ°κ΅¬λͺ©μ μ λ¬μ±νκΈ° μν΄μ μ΄λ‘ μ κ³ μ°° λ° μ νμ°κ΅¬λ₯Ό ν λλ‘ μ°κ΅¬κ°μ€μ μ€μ νμκ³ , μ΄λ₯Ό νκ·μμ ν΅ν΄ λΆμν λ° κ·Έ κ²°κ³Όλ λ€μκ³Ό κ°λ€.
μ°κ΅¬κ²°κ³Ό κ΅μ‘νλ ¨ ν¬μ
μμΈμ€ μμ¬μ κ΄μ¬κ³Ό μ§μμ μ§λ¬΄λ§μ‘±μ κ°μ₯ μ€λͺ
λ ₯μ΄ λμ λ³μλ‘ λΆμλμλ€. κ·Έλ¬λ κ΅μ‘λΆμμ κ΅μ‘ μΈμμμ€μ μ€νλ € μ§λ¬΄λ§μ‘±μ μμ΄ λΆ(-)μ μν₯μ λνλμΌλ©°, κ΅μ‘λͺ©ν, κ΅μ‘νκ²½μ μ μν κ΄κ³κ° λνλμ§ μμλ€.
R&D κ΅μ‘νλ ¨ ν¬μ
μμΈμ€ κ΅μ‘νλ ¨μ λν μμ¬μ κ΄μ¬κ³Ό μ§μ, κ΅μ‘νκ²½μ΄ μ§λ¬΄λͺ°μ
μ μ μν μν₯μ λνλμΌλ©° μμ¬μ κ΄μ¬κ³Ό μ§μμ μ§λ¬΄λͺ°μ
μ κ°μ₯ μ μν μν₯μ λνλλ€. R&D κ΅μ‘νλ ¨ κ³Όμ μμΈμ€ κ΅μ‘ μ°Έκ°μμ κ΅μ‘νλλ§μ΄ μ§λ¬΄λ§μ‘±μ ν΅κ³μ μΌλ‘ μ μν μν₯μ λ―Έμ³€λ€.
R&D κ΅μ‘νλ ¨ κ³Όμ μμΈμΈ κ΅μ‘κ°μ¬, κ΅μ‘νλ ¨μ λ΄μ©, κ΅μ‘ μ°Έκ°μμ κ΅μ‘νλκ° μ§λ¬΄λͺ°μ
μ ν΅κ³μ μΌλ‘ μ μλ―Έν μν₯μ λ―Έμ³€λ€. μ§λ¬΄λͺ°μ
μ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ νμλ³μλ€ μ€ κ΅μ‘μμ κ΅μ‘νλ ¨μ λν νλκ° μ§λ¬΄λͺ°μ
μ κ°μ₯ μ€λͺ
λ ₯μ΄ λμ λ³μλ‘ κ΅μ‘νλ ¨ μ±κ³Όμ μ μν μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ κ²μΌλ‘ λΆμλμλ€.
μκΈ°μ λΆμμ ν΅ν΄ λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬λ λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ μμ¬μ μ λμΆν μ μμλ€.
첫째, R&D κ΅μ‘νλ ¨μ ν¬μ
μμΈκ³Ό κ³Όμ μμΈμ κ΅μ‘νλ ¨ μ±κ³ΌμΈ μ§λ¬΄λ§μ‘±κ³Ό μ§λ¬΄λͺ°μ
μ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ©°, νΉν κ°μ₯ λμ μν₯ λ³μλ κ΅μ‘κ³Όμ μ λ΄μ©μΌλ‘ κ΅μ‘ λͺ©ν λ¬μ±μ μν κ΅κ³Όλͺ© νΈμ±, κ΅μ‘ μ°Έκ°μμ μμ©λ₯λ ₯, μΈμ§ λ₯λ ₯κ³Ό λΆν©ν κ΅κ³Όλͺ© λ΄μ© μμ€κ³Ό νμ₯μμ μ μ© μ©μ΄νλλ‘ κ΅¬μ±λλ κ²μ΄ μ€μνμλ€.
λμ§Έ, ν¬μ
μμΈμ€ κ΅μ‘νλ ¨μ λν μμ¬μ κ΄μ¬κ³Ό μ§μμ΄ κ΅μ‘νλ ¨μ μ±κ³ΌμΈ μ§λ¬΄λ§μ‘±κ³Ό μ§λ¬΄λͺ°μ
μ ν₯μμν€λλ° λ§€μ° μ€μν λ³μμλ€. κ³Όμ μμΈμ€ κ΅μ‘μμ μ΄ν΄κ° μ§λ¬΄λͺ°μ
μ κ°μ₯ μ€λͺ
λ ₯μ΄ λμ λ³μ, κ΅μ‘μμ νλκ° μ§λ¬΄λ§μ‘±μ κ°μ₯ μ€λͺ
λ ₯μ΄ λμ λ³μλ‘ λνλ λ° μ΄λ κ΅μ‘μμ νλμ μ΄ν΄κ° κ΅μ‘νλ ¨ μ±κ³Όλ₯Ό ν₯μμν€λλ° λ§€μ° μ€μν¨μ μμ¬νμλ€.
μ
μ§Έ, ν΄μΈ μμ μμ κ°λ°μλ κΈ°μ λΏλ§ μλλΌ λ¬Ένμ μ΄ν΄μ ν΄μΈμμ μΌμ νκΈ° μν 건κ°, μμ κ΄λ¦¬ λ± μ’
ν©μ μΈ μΈλ ₯μ‘μ±μ λͺ©νλ‘ νλ κ΅μ‘μ§νμ΄ νμνλ€λ κ²μ μ μ μμλ€.μ 1 μ₯ μλ‘ 1
μ 1 μ μ°κ΅¬μ λͺ©μ λ° νμμ± 1
μ 2 μ μ°κ΅¬μ λμκ³Ό λ°©λ² 4
μ 2 μ₯ μ΄λ‘ μ λ°°κ²½ λ° μ νμ°κ΅¬ 6
μ 1 μ μ΄λ‘ μ λ°°κ²½ 6
1. κ΅μ‘νλ ¨μ μ΄λ‘ μ κ°λ
6
2. μ§λ¬΄λ§μ‘±μ λν λ
Όμ 7
3. μ§λ¬΄λͺ°μ
μ λν λ
Όμ 8
μ 2 μ μ νμ°κ΅¬ λ° μ°¨μ΄μ 10
μ 3 μ₯ μ°κ΅¬μ€κ³ λ° λΆμλ°©λ² 16
μ 1 μ μ°κ΅¬λͺ¨ν 16
μ 2 μ μ°κ΅¬κ°μ€ 17
μ 3 μ λ³μμ μ μ λ° μ‘°μμ μ μ 19
1. λ
립λ³μ 19
2. μ’
μλ³μ 20
3. ν΅μ λ³μ 21
μ 4μ μΈ‘μ λ°©λ² 21
1. μ€λ¬Έμ§ κ΅¬μ± 21
2. νλ³Έμ μ λ° μλ£μμ§, λΆμλ°©λ² 25
μ 4 μ₯ μ€μ¦λΆμ κ²°κ³Ό 26
μ 1 μ μ€λ¬Έμ§ νμνν©κ³Ό νλ³Έμ νΉμ± 26
μ 2 μ λ³μμ μ λ’°μ± λ° νλΉμ± λΆμ 27
1. μ λ’°μ± λΆμ 27
2. νλΉμ± λΆμ 28
3. κΈ°μ ν΅κ³ λΆμ 30
4. μκ΄κ΄κ³ λΆμ 31
5. κ°μ€μ κ²μ¦ 34
6. κ°μ€κ²μ¦κ²°κ³Ό μμ½ 42
μ 3 μ R&D κ΅μ‘νλ ¨μ λ¬Έμ μ λ° ν΄μΈμ¬λ‘λ₯Ό ν΅ν
μμ¬μ 43
1. μ°λ¦¬λλΌ R&D κ΅μ‘νλ ¨μ λ¬Έμ μ 43
2. ν΄μΈ μΈλ ₯μμ±μ¬μ
44
3. ν΄μΈμ¬λ‘λ₯Ό ν΅ν μμ¬μ 46
μ 5 μ₯ κ²°λ‘ 47
μ 1 μ μ°κ΅¬κ²°κ³Όμ μμ½ λ° μμ¬μ 47
μ 2 μ μ°κ΅¬μ νκ³ λ° λ°μ λ°©ν₯ 50
μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν 52
Abstract 60Maste
Importance of mixing protocol for enhanced performance of composite cathodes in all-solid-state batteries using sulfide solid electrolyte
All-solid-state battery performance is strongly dependent on effective charge transfer at both 1) the interface of the active particles and 2) through the interstitial regions of composite cathode. Design of the composite cathode is further complicated by the necessity to limit the amount of conductor additives in order to attain high energy density. These requirements present a difficult design challenge for the composite cathode. Here we investigate the extent to which the mixing order of the three components in the composite cathode impacts the charge transfer and cell performance. We test a total of 5 mixing protocols and find that the initial discharge capacity and the rate capability varies significantly with mixing order. It is shown that the location of the electron conductive carbon is particularly critical for cell performance due to its limited quantity in the composite cathode. Mixing protocols that concentrate the carbon at the active particle interface lowers the interfacial resistance leading to higher discharge capacity. Mixing protocols that place more carbon in the interstitial regions improves the electron path conductivity and is found to correlate with higher rate capability. Based on these results we demonstrate a mixing protocol that achieves both higher discharge capacity and better rate performance for all-solid-state batteries.This work was supported by the Dual Use Technology Program of the Institute of Civil Military Technology Cooperation granted financial resources from the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy and Defense Acquisition Program Administration (17-CM-EN-11)