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    μ˜λ―Έλ²•μƒ λ…Όμ˜ 및 κ·Έ μ‹œμ‚¬μ μ„ μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (박사) -- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : λ²•κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ 법학과, 2021. 2. λ…Έν˜μ€€.Article 43(1) of the Korean Trust Act, enacted in 2012, states: Where a trustee has violated his duties incurring any loss to the trust property, the settlor, beneficiary, or other trustees where a number of trustees exist, may request the relevant trustee to restore, reinstate the trust property: Provided, that where it is impossible or substantially impracticable to reinstate the trust property, or excessive expenses are incurred in such reinstatement, or where any special ground exists making reinstatement inappropriate, a claim for damages may be raised.Furthermore, article 43(3) of the Korean Trust Act states that where a trustee is in breach of a duty of loyalty stipulated in Articles 33 through 37, he should disgorge all the profits acquired by himself or a third party to the trust property, even if no loss has incurred to the trust property. The disgorgement remedy set out in Article 43(3) provides exceptional relief, preventing the trustee from realizing any gains resulting from a breach of the trustees fiduciary duty. Yet, this powerful gain-based remedy has not been applied by courts in South Korea. Thus, it is difficult to understand a clear rule for determining disgorgement of profits case. Before the enactment of article 43(3), there have been debates by legal scholars whether any legal basis already existed for disgorgement of profits in South Korea. Unjust enrichment and management of anothers affairs(negotiorum gestio) were traditional remedies available to an injured party, however the legal basis for disgorgement of profits was tenuous. Thus, the legislature found it necessary to specially enact Article 43(3) to be able to impose this remedy. However, no case law has been developed so far and Article 43(3) is often overlooked due to its obscurity. The purpose of this dissertation is to clarify the nature and function of a trustees fiduciary duty and the disgorgement of profits under Article 43(3) by analyzing the fiduciary duty of a trustee and the remedies available for breach of a trustees fiduciary duty in Anglo-American jurisprudence. This dissertation will first examine the basic principles of disgorgement of profits in a breach of trustees fiduciary duty in Anglo-American jurisprudence. In Anglo-American jurisprudence, the purpose of disgorgement of profits is to strip profits if they are gained in a breach of fiduciary duty owed by the trustee to its beneficiaries. The fiduciary duty of the trustee requires the fiduciary to exercise the highest duty of trust and confidence between the fiduciary and its beneficiaries. The fiduciary must exercise its powers and discretion carefully given the vulnerable and dependent nature of any beneficiarys relationship to its trustee. Given the special status of this relationship, a trustee owes the highest fiduciary duty to the beneficiary, which includes the no-conflict rule and the no-profit rule. The vitally important duty of loyalty is not self-enforcing, and when a breach occurs, the remedy should be in conformity with the duty. The rationale for disgorgement of profits is to deter a breach of the duty of loyalty. Deterrence and prophylaxis are the strongest rational for disgorgement of profits. The quantification of illegally gained profits must reflect the nuances of the fiduciary relationship and the manner in which the duty was breached; the uneasy interplay between causation, remoteness and allowances must be considered. In ordering a disgorgement of profits, a court should factor in the fiduciarys skill and effort in determining the amount of the profits that should be disgorged. Disgorgement of profits is a harsh remedy, and its effectiveness as a deterrent depends on its proportionality to the wrongs. This paper will also address the liability of third parties to its beneficiaries in Anglo-American jurisprudence. The liability of third parties is based upon the concepts of knowing receipt and knowing assistance. When a third party receives a trust asset which has been disposed of by the trustee in breach of the trustees duty, and the third party has knowledge of the breach of duty, then the third party can be held liable to its beneficiaries for the value of the asset. Moreover, if the third party knowingly assists the trustee in a dishonest and fraudulent manner, the third party can be held independently liable to its beneficiaries for the third partys misconduct. Under the Korean Trust Act, when the trustee has engaged in a legal act in violation of the purpose of trust, the beneficiary is granted the right to seek recission. However, the remedy of recission is only available when the third party (and a subsequent purchaser) knows about the trustees breach of fiduciary duty at the time when the breach occurs, or the third party is unaware of the breach due to gross negligence of the third party. Unlike Anglo-American jurisprudence, knowing assistance is not a basis for imposing liability on a third party in South Korea. However, this dissertation proposes that South Korea should adopt the basis for liability to include knowing assistance, to ensure that the third party does not profit from his wrongdoing. Most circumstances involving knowing assistance pertain to professionals, such as financial institutions, accountants, and legal professionals alleged to have fostered the fiduciarys misconduct. Finally, this paper examines whether it is plausible to apply the disgorgement of profits remedy to a corporations board of directors. In Anglo-American jurisprudence, a director of a corporation is categorically treated as a status-based fiduciary who owes a fiduciary duty to the corporation. If unauthorized profits are made by a director in breach of his fiduciary duty to the corporation, the director should be required to disgorge the profits just as a disloyal trustee is required to disgorge profits under the Trust Act in South Korea. Under the Korean Commercial Code, remedies exist that are functionally similar to the disgorgement of profits, yet these remedies are fragmented. For instance, directors are prohibited from engaging in a transaction which competes with their corporations interests without the consent of the board of directors. If a director violates his duty not to compete in the absence of the boards consent, the director may be held liable for monetary damages sustained by the corporation. Additionally, intervention rights are granted to a corporation under the Korean Commercial Code. The corporation may intervene and substitute itself for the director in the third-party transaction. Furthermore, a director may not usurp certain business opportunities available to the corporation without approval by the board of directors. If a director usurps the corporations business opportunity in contravention of his fiduciary duty, then the director may be held liable for damages based upon a presumption that the ill-gotten gains made by the director are the damages suffered by the corporation. Both intervention rights and the presumption that illegal profits are the corporations damages are modified forms of the remedy of disgorgement of profits. However, a breach of a general duty of loyalty under the Korean Commercial Code does not stipulate these gain-based remedies. The directors of a corporation are in charge of managing the companys business and thus, their role is similar to that of a trustee. Thus, this paper argues that the remedy of disgorgement of profits should be adopted for breach of a duty of loyalty by a director under the Korean Commercial Code.신탁법 제43μ‘° 제1항은 μˆ˜νƒμžμ˜ μ›μƒνšŒλ³΅ μ±…μž„μ„ κ·œμ •ν•˜μ—¬ μˆ˜νƒμžκ°€ 의무λ₯Ό μœ„λ°˜ν•˜μ—¬ μ‹ νƒμž¬μ‚°μ— 손해가 생긴 κ²½μš°μ— 의무λ₯Ό μœ„λ°˜ν•œ μˆ˜νƒμžμ—κ²Œ μ‹ νƒμž¬μ‚°μ˜ μ›μƒνšŒλ³΅μ„ 청ꡬ할 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  κ·œμ •ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. 이에 덧뢙여 제43μ‘° 제3항은 μˆ˜νƒμžκ°€ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄λ₯Ό μœ„λ°˜ν•œ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” μ‹ νƒμž¬μ‚°μ— 손해가 생기지 μ•„λ‹ˆν•˜μ˜€λ”λΌλ„ μˆ˜νƒμžλŠ” 그둜 μΈν•˜μ—¬ μˆ˜νƒμžλ‚˜ 제3μžκ°€ 얻은 이득 μ „λΆ€λ₯Ό μ‹ νƒμž¬μ‚°μ— λ°˜ν™˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  κ·œμ •ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. 제43μ‘° 제3항은 2012λ…„ 신탁법 μ „λ©΄κ°œμ • μ‹œ μ˜λ―Έλ²•μ˜ μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μžμ˜ μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ„ λ„μž…ν•˜λ €κ³  μ‹ μ„€ν•œ κ·œμ •μ΄λ‹€. λ³Έ 논문은 신탁법 제43쑰에 λŒ€ν•œ μˆ˜νƒμžμ˜ μ›μƒνšŒλ³΅μ±…μž„ 및 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ 성격을 νŒŒμ•…ν•˜κ³  λ°˜ν™˜ λ²”μœ„λ₯Ό νšμ •ν•˜λŠ” 법리λ₯Ό κ²€ν† ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄λŠ” νŠΉμ • κ΄€κ³„μ—μ„œ ν˜•μ„±λœ 신뒰와 μ‹ μž„μ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ” 법적 μž₯치둜 νŒŒμ•…ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. 신인관계에 μžˆλŠ” μ–‘ λ‹Ήμ‚¬μžμ‚¬μ΄μ—λŠ” 신뒰와 μ‹ μž„μ΄ ν˜•μ„±μ΄ λœλ‹€. 이 λ‹¨κ³„μ—μ„œ μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μžμΈ 일방 λ‹Ήμ‚¬μžμ—κ²Œ 폭넓은 μž¬λŸ‰μ„ λΆ€μ—¬ν•˜κΈ°μ— 본인은 μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μžμ˜ κΆŒν•œκ³Ό μž¬λŸ‰μ— 따라 μ’Œμ§€μš°μ§€λ˜λŠ” μ·¨μ•½μ„±, μ˜μ‘΄μ„±μ„ 띄고 정보 λΆˆκ· ν˜•μ˜ 상황에 놓여 있게 λœλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ 일반적인 계약관계와 달리 신인관계에 μžˆλŠ” 본인은 일정 μž₯μΉ˜μ— μ˜ν•΄ 보호λ₯Ό λ°›μ•„μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μžκ°€ μžμ‹ μ˜ 이읡을 μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄λ³΄λ‹€ μš°μ„ μ‹œν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μžμ˜ μ§€μœ„ 등을 말미암아 이읡을 μ·¨λ“ν•˜λŠ” 것을 κΈˆμ§€ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μ΅μΆ©λŒκΈˆμ§€ 원칙과 이읡ν–₯μˆ˜κΈˆμ§€ 원칙은 본인을 λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μž₯치의 κ°€μž₯ 기본일 것이닀. μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄λ₯Ό λΆ€μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” 것과 같은 μ·¨μ§€μ—μ„œ μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜ μ±…μž„μ˜ 좔ꢁ 방법도 μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μžμ˜ 의무 μœ„λ°˜μ˜ 얡지와 예방 λͺ©μ μ„ λ‹¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” λ°©ν–₯으둜 이루어져야 ν•œλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ 신탁법 제43μ‘° 제3ν•­μ˜ μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ λ„μž…μ€ λ°”λžŒμ§ν•˜λ‹€. μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μžμ˜ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜μ„ μ λ°œν•˜λŠ” κ²½μš°μ— μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μžκ°€ 의무 μœ„λ°˜μ„ 톡해 μ·¨λ“ν•œ 이읡을 μ „λΆ€ ν† μΆœν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜λŠ” κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨μ€ λΆ„λͺ… μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μžμ˜ 의무 μœ„λ°˜μ„ 얡지 및 μ˜ˆλ°©ν•˜λŠ” 역할을 ν•  수 μžˆμ„ 것이라고 κΈ°λŒ€ν•œλ‹€. λ‹€λ§Œ 아직 우리 μ‹ νƒλ²•μ—μ„œ μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ„ ꡬ체적으둜 μ μš©ν•œ νŒλ‘€κ°€ μΌμ²œν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 이λ₯Ό μ μš©ν•˜λŠ” λ°©μ•ˆμ— λŒ€ν•œ λ…Όμ˜κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€. λ³Έ λ…Όλ¬Έμ—μ„œλŠ” ν–₯ν›„ 우리 μ‹ νƒλ²•μ—μ„œ μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ„ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ μš©ν•  것인지에 λŒ€ν•œ 길작이λ₯Ό λ§ˆλ ¨ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ˜λ―Έλ²•μ˜ 이둠과 νŒλ‘€λ₯Ό μžμ„Ένžˆ κ²€ν† ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ˜λ―Έλ²•μ—μ„œλŠ” μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜μ˜ μ±…μž„μ˜ 엄격성과 이둜 μΈν•œ κ°€ν˜Ήν•œ μ±…μž„ μ‚¬μ΄μ—μ„œ κ· ν˜•μ„ 이루기 μœ„ν•΄ μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ λ°˜ν™˜λ²”μœ„λ₯Ό κ²°μ •ν•  λ•Œμ— 인과관계 κΈ°μ€€, 격원성 κΈ°μ€€ 및 곡제 λ“±μ˜ 방식을 ν™œμš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜μ˜ 얡지 λͺ©μ κ³Ό κ³΅ν‰μ˜ λͺ©μ μ„ λ™μ‹œμ— λ‹¬μ„±ν•˜κ³ μž ν•œλ‹€. 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μ˜λ―Έλ²•μ—μ„œλŠ” μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μžμ˜ μ±…μž„ μ™Έ 제3μˆ˜λ Ήμžμ™€ 제3μ‘°λ ₯μžκ°€ μš”κ±΄μ„ λ§Œμ‘±ν•˜λ©΄ 제3μžμ—κ²Œλ„ μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ„ λΆ€κ³Όν•œλ‹€. 반면 우리 신탁법은 제3μžκ°€ 직접 이득을 μ·¨λ“ν•œ κ²½μš°μ—λ„ μˆ˜νƒμžμ—κ²Œ μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ„ λΆ€κ³Όν•˜λŠ” 방식을 μ·¨ν•˜κ³  제3μ‘°λ ₯자 μ±…μž„μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ…Όμ˜λŠ” 아직 이루어지지 μ•Šκ³  μžˆλ‹€. 제3수령자의 경우, μˆ˜νƒμžμ—κ²Œ μ±…μž„μ„ μ μš©ν•˜λŠ” λ™μ‹œμ— 신탁법 제75μ‘° 수읡자 μ·¨μ†ŒκΆŒμ„ ν™œμš©ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. λ…Όλ¬Έμ—μ„œλŠ” μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜μ‹œ 제43쑰에 λ”°λ₯Έ μˆ˜νƒμžμ˜ μ±…μž„κ³Ό 제75μ‘° 수읡자 μ·¨μ†ŒκΆŒμ˜ 관계에 λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ κ³ μ°°ν•΄λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ μ˜λ―Έλ²•μ˜ 제3자 μ±…μž„μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ…Όμ˜λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬ 우리 μ‹ νƒλ²•μ—μ„œλ„ 제3자 μ±…μž„μ„ λ„μž…ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ λ³Έ 논문은 μˆ˜νƒμž 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μ „ν˜•μ μΈ 신인관계에 ν•΄λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” νšŒμ‚¬μ˜ μ΄μ‚¬μ˜ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ λ„μž… ν•„μš”μ„±μ„ κ²€ν† ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ˜λ―Έλ²•μƒ νšŒμ‚¬μ˜ μ΄μ‚¬λŠ” λŒ€ν‘œμ μΈ μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μžμ— ν•΄λ‹Ήν•˜κ³  μ΄μ‚¬μ˜ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜μ—λ„ μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ„ μ μš©ν•œλ‹€. 우리 νšŒμ‚¬λ²•μ—μ„œλŠ” 일반적인 μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ κ·œμ • 외에도 μžκΈ°κ±°λž˜κΈˆμ§€, κ²½μ—…κΈˆμ§€ 및 νšŒμ‚¬κΈ°νšŒ μœ μš©κΈˆμ§€ λ“± μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄μ˜ μ„ΈλΆ€κ·œμ •μ„ 두고 μžˆλ‹€. μ„ΈλΆ€κ·œμ • μœ„λ°˜μ‹œμ—λŠ” κ°œμž…κΆŒκ³Ό 이읡의 μ†ν•΄μΆ”μ •κ·œμ •μ„ ν™œμš©ν•˜λŠ” κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨μ„ μ μš©ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜μ—λŠ” μ†ν•΄λ°°μƒμ±…μž„λ§Œμ„ μ μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ„ 뿐 λ³„λ„μ˜ κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨μ„ κ·œμ •ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ§€ μ•Šλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ λ³Έ λ…Όλ¬Έμ—μ„œ μ΄μ‚¬μ˜ μ—„κ²©ν•œ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ 이행을 μ΄‰κ΅¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ μ΄μ‚¬μ˜ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ„ λ„μž…ν•  것을 μ œμ•ˆν•œλ‹€.λͺ©μ°¨ 제1μž₯ μ„œλ‘  1 제1절 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λ°°κ²½ 및 λͺ©μ  1 1. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λ°°κ²½ 1 2. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λͺ©μ  1 제2절 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ ꡬ성 및 μš©μ–΄μ˜ μ •μ˜ 2 1. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ ꡬ성 2 2. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λ²”μœ„ 3 3. μš©μ–΄μ˜ μ •μ˜ 및 λ¬Έν—Œμ˜ 인용 4 제2μž₯ 영미의 μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨ 및 λΆ€λ‹Ήμ΄λ“λ²•μ œ 7 제1절 μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μ˜ 성격과 κΈ°λŠ₯ 7 1. 신인관계 7 κ°€. μ‹ μΈκ΄€κ³„μ˜ 본질 7 λ‚˜. ꡬ뢄 κ°œλ… 10 2. μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μ˜ 성격과 λ‚΄μš© 11 κ°€. μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μ˜ λ‚΄μš© 11 λ‚˜. μ†Œκ·Ήμ  κΈˆμ§€μ˜λ¬΄μΈκ°€ λͺ…령적 μž‘μœ„μ˜λ¬΄μΈκ°€ 23 λ‹€. κ³΅ν‰μ˜λ¬΄μ˜ μ§€μœ„ 25 3. μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μ˜ κΈ°λŠ₯ 29 κ°€. 보좩적, 보쑰적 κΈ°λŠ₯ 30 λ‚˜. 예방 및 얡지 κΈ°λŠ₯ 30 제2절 μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜μ˜ 사법적 효λ ₯ 31 1. μ˜κ΅­λ²•μ˜ 경우 31 κ°€. 문제의 μ†Œμž¬ 31 λ‚˜. κ²¬ν•΄μ˜ λŒ€λ¦½ 32 λ‹€. μ·¨μ†ŒκΆŒ 행사와 κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨μ˜ 관계 34 2. λ―Έκ΅­λ²•μ˜ 경우 34 κ°€. 제3μ°¨ μ›μƒνšŒλ³΅λ²• 및 뢀당이득법 λ¦¬μŠ€ν…Œμ΄νŠΈλ¨ΌνŠΈ 34 λ‚˜. 제3μ°¨ 신탁법 λ¦¬μŠ€ν…Œμ΄νŠΈλ¨ΌνŠΈ 35 λ‹€. 톡일신탁법 35 제3절 영미의 μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜μ˜ κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨ 36 1. ν˜•ν‰λ²•μƒ κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨μ˜ νŠΉμ§• 36 2. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ 37 3. μ˜μ œμ‹ νƒ 38 κ°€. 영ꡭ의 μ˜μ œμ‹ νƒ 38 λ‚˜. 미ꡭ의 μ˜μ œμ‹ νƒ 42 λ‹€. μ˜μ œμ‹ νƒμ˜ 쟁점 43 4. ν˜•ν‰λ²•μƒ 손해배상 45 κ°€. ν˜•ν‰λ²•μƒ 손해배상 적용 45 λ‚˜. μ†ν•΄λ°°μƒμ±…μž„κ³Ό μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ 청ꡬꢌ κ²½ν•© 46 5. 수읡자 μ·¨μ†ŒκΆŒ 47 κ°€. 수읡자 μ·¨μ†ŒκΆŒμ€ κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨μΈκ°€ 47 λ‚˜. 수읡자 μ·¨μ†ŒκΆŒκ³Ό λ‹€λ₯Έ κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨μ˜ 관계 47 6. κΈˆμ§€λͺ…λ Ή 48 제4절 영미의 λΆ€λ‹Ήμ΄λ“λ²•μ œ 48 1. 영ꡭ의 뢀당이득법 48 κ°€. λΆ€λ‹Ήμ΄λ“λ²•μ˜ λ°œμ „κ³Όμ • 48 λ‚˜. μ›μƒνšŒλ³΅λ²•μ˜ 전톡적인 ꡬ뢄 49 λ‹€. 뢀당이득법과 μ›μƒνšŒλ³΅λ²•μ˜ 관계 54 라. 이득에 κΈ°λ°˜μ„ λ‘” κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨ 56 2. 미ꡭ의 뢀당이득법 57 κ°€. μ†μ‹€μžμ˜ μž¬μ‚°κ°μ†Œμ— μ˜ν•œ μ›μƒνšŒλ³΅ 57 λ‚˜. μœ„λ²•ν–‰μœ„μ— μ˜ν•œ μ›μƒνšŒλ³΅ 58 λ‹€. μ›μƒνšŒλ³΅μ±…μž„: κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨κ³Ό μ μš©λ²”μœ„ 60 3. μ†Œκ²° 61 κ°€. 우리 λΆ€λ‹Ήμ΄λ“λ²•λ¦¬μ™€μ˜ 비ꡐ 61 λ‚˜. μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μžμ˜ μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„κ³Ό 뢀당이득법 62 제3μž₯ 영미의 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ 63 제1절 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ 의의 64 1. κ°œλ… 및 κ·Όκ±° 64 κ°€. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ κ°œλ… 및 연원 64 λ‚˜. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ κ·Όκ±° 65 2. 법적 성격과 κ΅¬λ³„κ°œλ… 73 κ°€. 법적 성격 73 λ‚˜. κ΅¬λ³„κ°œλ…κ³Ό μ μš©λ²”μœ„ 78 제2절 영ꡭ의 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ 80 1. μ±…μž„μ˜ λ²”μœ„ 81 κ°€. μ±…μž„μ˜ λ²”μœ„ νšμ •μ˜ 어렀움 81 λ‚˜. 인과관계 81 λ‹€. 곡제 85 라. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ— λŒ€ν•œ 이자 88 2. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„κ³Ό 제3자 μ±…μž„ 90 κ°€. 제3자 μ±…μž„μ˜ ꡬ뢄 90 λ‚˜. 제3 수령자 μ±…μž„ 91 λ‹€. 제3 μ‘°λ ₯자 μ±…μž„ 96 3. 영ꡭ의 ꡬ체적인 νŒλ‘€ 뢄석 101 κ°€. μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄μ˜ 엄격성 101 λ‚˜. 인과관계, 격원성 λ“± 104 λ‹€. 곡제 107 제3절 미ꡭ의 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ 111 1. 미ꡭ의 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ 법원(法源) 111 κ°€. 제3μ°¨ 신탁법 λ¦¬μŠ€ν…Œμ΄νŠΈλ¨ΌνŠΈ 111 λ‚˜. 제2μ°¨ 신탁법 λ¦¬μŠ€ν…Œμ΄νŠΈλ¨ΌνŠΈ 114 λ‹€. 톡일신탁법 116 라. 제3μ°¨ μ›μƒνšŒλ³΅λ²• 및 뢀당이득법 117 마. 영ꡭ과의 차이점 118 2. μ±…μž„μ˜ λ²”μœ„ 119 κ°€. 인과관계 및 곡제 119 λ‚˜. κ·€μ†μ˜ 문제 120 λ‹€. μž…μ¦μ±…μž„κ³Ό λΆˆν™•μ‹€μ„± μœ„ν—˜ 122 라. Friedmann ꡐ수의 견해 122 3. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„κ³Ό 제3자 μ±…μž„ 123 κ°€. 제3μ°¨ μ›μƒνšŒλ³΅λ²• 및 λΆ€λ‹Ήμ΄λ“λ²•μ˜ 제3자 μ±…μž„ 123 λ‚˜. 제3μ°¨ 신탁법 λ¦¬μŠ€ν…Œμ΄νŠΈλ¨ΌνŠΈμ˜ 제3자 μ±…μž„ 124 λ‹€. 제2μ°¨ 신탁법 λ¦¬μŠ€ν…Œμ΄νŠΈλ¨ΌνŠΈμ˜ 제3자 μ±…μž„ 125 라. ν†΅μΌμ‹ νƒλ²•μ˜ 제3자 μ±…μž„ 130 4. 미ꡭ의 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ νŒλ‘€ 131 κ°€. 자기거래 131 λ‚˜. κ·Έ μ™Έ μ΄μ΅μΆ©λŒκΈˆμ§€ μœ„λ°˜ 134 λ‹€. 이읡ν–₯μˆ˜κΈˆμ§€ μœ„λ°˜: λ³΄λ„ˆμŠ€, μ»€λ―Έμ…˜ 수령 139 라. 제3자 μ±…μž„ 140 제4절 영미의 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ ν™•μž₯ 141 1. μ˜κ΅­λ²•μ—μ„œ μ΄μ‚¬μ˜ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ 및 κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨ 141 κ°€. νšŒμ‚¬λ²•μƒ μ΄μ΅μΆ©λŒκΈˆμ§€ 및 이읡ν–₯μˆ˜κΈˆμ§€ 142 λ‚˜. νšŒμ‚¬λ²•μƒ 자기거래 145 λ‹€. νšŒμ‚¬λ²•μƒ 기회유용 및 κ²½μ—…κΈˆμ§€ 148 라. μ΄μ‚¬μ˜ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜ νŒλ‘€ 150 2. λ―Έκ΅­λ²•μ—μ„œ μ΄μ‚¬μ˜ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ 및 κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨ 156 κ°€. λͺ¨λ²”νšŒμ‚¬λ²• 157 λ‚˜. 미ꡭ법λ₯ ν˜‘νšŒ 원칙 159 λ‹€. 델라웨어주 νšŒμ‚¬λ²• 161 마. μ΄μ‚¬μ˜ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜ νŒλ‘€ 163 3. 영미의 비ꡐ법적 뢄석 167 κ°€. μ΄μ‚¬μ˜ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ κΈ°μ€€μ˜ 차이 167 λ‚˜. 영ꡭ의 μ—„κ²©ν•œ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄μ— λŒ€ν•œ λΉ„νŒ 및 이에 λŒ€ν•œ κ²€ν†  172 제5절 μ†Œκ²°λ‘  173 제4μž₯ 영미 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ 비ꡐ법적 νŠΉμ„± 172 제1절 일본과의 비ꡐ 172 1. 일본 μ‹ νƒλ²•μ˜ μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄ 172 κ°€. 일본 μ‹ νƒλ²•μ˜ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ 172 λ‚˜. μ£Όμ˜μ˜λ¬΄μ™€ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄μ˜ 관계 174 2. 일본 κ°œμ •μ‹ νƒλ²•μ˜ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨ 177 κ°€. μ†μ‹€μ „λ³΄μ±…μž„μ˜ μ†μ‹€μΆ”μ •κ·œμ • 178 λ‚˜. μ‹ νƒμž¬μ‚° 귀속원칙 181 λ‹€. κ°œμž…κΆŒ 181 라. 수읡자 μ·¨μ†ŒκΆŒ 183 3. κ²€ν†  185 κ°€. μ†μ‹€μΆ”μ •κ·œμ • λΉ„νŒ 185 λ‚˜. κ°œμž…κΆŒκ³Ό μ†μ‹€μΆ”μ •κ·œμ • 187 λ‹€. μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄μ™€ 이읡ν–₯μˆ˜κΈˆμ§€ 187 제2절 λ‹€λ₯Έ λŒ€λ₯™λ²• κ΅­κ°€λ“€κ³Όμ˜ 비ꡐ 187 1. λ…μΌμ˜ 경우 188 κ°€. λ…μΌλ²•μ˜ 신탁 κ³„μˆ˜ 188 λ‚˜. λ…μΌλ²•μ˜ μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μ™€ μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ 188 λ‹€. λ…μΌλ²•μ—μ„œ μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ 적용 μœ ν˜• 189 라. μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜κ³Ό κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨ 190 마. 독일 ν•™κ³„μ˜ μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ 견해 193 2. κ·Έ μ™Έ κ΅­κ°€λ“€μ˜ 경우 202 κ°€. μŠ€μ½”ν‹€λžœλ“œ 202 λ‚˜. λ£¨μ΄μ§€μ• λ‚˜μ£Ό 205 λ‹€. 남아프리카 곡화ꡭ 206 3. κ²€ν†  209 제3절 μ†Œκ²°λ‘  210 제5μž₯ 신탁법상 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„κ³Ό κ·Έ ν™•μž₯ κ°€λŠ₯μ„± 209 제1절 μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄ 및 κ·Έ μœ„λ°˜ κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨ 및 법리 212 1. 신탁법상 μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄μ˜ 의의 212 κ°€. 신탁법상 주의의무 212 λ‚˜. 신탁법상 μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ 214 λ‹€. μ£Όμ˜μ˜λ¬΄μ™€ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄μ˜ 관계 217 2. 신탁법상 μ‹ μΈμ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜μ— κ΄€ν•œ κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨ 221 κ°€. κ°œμ • μ „ 신탁법상 κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨ 221 λ‚˜. κ°œμ • 신탁법상 κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨ 222 λ‹€. 평가 226 제2절 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ μž…λ²•κ²½μœ„μ™€ 법적 성격 226 1. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ μž…λ²•κ²½μœ„ 226 κ°€. μž…λ²• λ‹Ήμ‹œμ˜ λ…Όμ˜ 226 λ‚˜. 적극적 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ λ„μž… 226 2. λ‹€λ₯Έ λ²•λ¦¬μ™€μ˜ ꡬ뢄 227 κ°€. 뢀당이득법리 228 λ‚˜. 쀀사무관리 229 λ‹€. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ 법적 성격 231 제3절 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ λ°œμƒμš”κ±΄ 및 쟁점 κ²€ν†  232 1. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ μš”κ±΄ 및 성격 232 κ°€. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ μš”κ±΄ 232 λ‚˜. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ²­κ΅¬κΆŒμž 및 μƒλŒ€λ°© 235 λ‹€. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ²­κ΅¬κΆŒ 성격 236 2. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ μ μš©μƒ 문제점 237 κ°€. 청ꡬꢌ κ²½ν•© 237 λ‚˜. 의무의 λ²”μœ„ 238 λ‹€. 수읡자 μ·¨μ†ŒκΆŒκ³Όμ˜ 관계 243 라. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ 인적 λ²”μœ„: 제3자 μ±…μž„ 250 제4절 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ 적용의 ν™•μž₯ κ°€λŠ₯μ„±: 상법상 이사 253 1. 신인관계 및 μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„μ˜ ν™•μž₯ κ°€λŠ₯μ„± 253 2. 상법상 μ΄μ‚¬μ˜ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ μ‘°ν•­ 255 κ°€. 상법상 μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ μ‘°ν•­ 및 의미 255 λ‚˜. μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄μ™€ ꡬ체적 κ·œμ • μ‘°ν•­ 257 3. νšŒμ‚¬λ²•μƒ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ μ„ΈλΆ€μ‘°ν•­ 및 κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨ 257 κ°€. 자기거래 258 λ‚˜. κ²½μ—…κΈˆμ§€ 및 κ²Έμ§κΈˆμ§€ 260 λ‹€. νšŒμ‚¬μ˜ κΈ°νšŒμœ μš©κΈˆμ§€ 261 4. μ΄μ‚¬μ˜ μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ μœ„λ°˜μ— μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ 적용 κ²€ν†  263 κ°€. μˆ˜νƒμžμ™€ μ΄μ‚¬μ˜ μ§€μœ„ 비ꡐ: μ‹ μΈκ΄€κ³„μ˜ μ§•ν‘œλ₯Ό ν† λŒ€λ‘œ 263 λ‚˜. μ΄λ“ν† μΆœμ±…μž„ κ·Όκ±° 적용 264 λ‹€. μΆ©μ‹€μ˜λ¬΄ κ΅¬μ œμˆ˜λ‹¨μ˜ 문제점 265 라. ν˜„μ‹€λ‘  267 제6μž₯ κ²°λ‘  266 μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ 268 ABSTRACT 293Docto

    The relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and transformative leadership - Focusing on a moderating effect of communication

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(석사) -- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅λŒ€ν•™μ› : ν–‰μ •λŒ€ν•™μ› ν–‰μ •ν•™κ³Ό(행정학전곡), 2023. 2. μž„λ„λΉˆ.λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μ€‘μ•™λΆ€μ²˜μ™€ κ΄‘μ—­μžμΉ˜λ‹¨μ²΄ 일반직 곡무원을 λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ λ³€ν˜μ  리더십과 μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅μ΄ μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯을 μ‹€μ¦μ μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„μ„ν•œλ‹€. λ³Έ 연ꡬ가 가진 차별성은 두 가지이닀. 첫 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ”, 곡무원 개인이 λŠλΌλŠ” μžμ•„νš¨λŠ₯감과 동기뢀여 κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ λ³€ν˜μ  리더십과 μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™μ˜ 관계λ₯Ό μ£Όλͺ©ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 점이닀. 두 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ”, 쑰직 λ‚΄ 개인이 μΈμ‹ν•˜λŠ” μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅μ„ 쑰절 λ³€μˆ˜λ‘œ ν•˜μ—¬ λ³€ν˜μ  리더십과 μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™μ˜ 관계 양상을 λ³Έλ‹€λŠ” 점이닀. 뢄석을 μ‹€μ‹œν•œ κ²°κ³Ό, μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅μ΄ ν™œλ°œν•œ λΆ„μœ„κΈ°μ—μ„œ 적극적이지 μ•Šμ€ λ³€ν˜μ  리더십은 κ³΅λ¬΄μ›μ˜ μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™μ— 뢀정적인 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜μ§€λ§Œ, 적극적인 λ³€ν˜μ  리더십은 κ³΅λ¬΄μ›μ˜ μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™μ— 긍정적인 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” κ³΅λ¬΄μ›μ˜ μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™μ„ 높일 수 μžˆλŠ” λ°©μ•ˆμœΌλ‘œ λ¦¬λ”μ‹­μ˜ ν•œ 츑면뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ 개인의 심리적 λ³€ν™” 과정에 μ΄ˆμ μ„ 맞좰 개인과 쑰직이 μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” ν™˜κ²½μ˜ 쑰성이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 점을 μ œμ‹œν•œλ‹€.The purpose of this study is to see how organizational citizenship behavior have been discussed as a way to improve organizational efficiency considering with influence by transformational leadership and communication in government sector. Transformational leadership is an independent variable in this study, and communication is a moderating variable which are both have a function of giving motivation to the members of the organization. In perspective of social exchange theory, the transformational leadership have positive relation with unexpected behavior by the members of the organization. Since the members are received psychological or physical benefits from the relations built in the organization, they behave them back with positive attitude in return of the benefits.From the perspective of social exchange theory, transformational leadership engages in organizational citizenship behavior to receive positive benefits from intimacy with other members (Cropanzano & Mitchell, 2005). In addition, managers who can demonstrate transformational leadership have a positive effect on the formation of self-efficacy in organizational members in the process of performing tasks (Avolio & Gibbons, 1988; Bandura & Wood, 1989). On the same hand, the communication have the same motivational function and it also affect to the members as well. From the point of view of self-determination theory, smooth communication within the organization can satisfy intrinsic motivation by improving the sense of competence and relationships with others in the organization in the process of performing tasks (Ryan & Deci, 2000). Considering Murray's (1965) definition of motivation as an intrinsic factor that drives, directs, and promotes integration, both transformational leadership and communication can be considered as important factors in motivation. Therefore, it can be inferred that the sense of self-efficacy and positive attitude toward the organizational member's sense of self-efficacy in the transformational leadership or communication received from the organizational manager in the process of performing work is related to organizational citizenship behavior that exceeds their role expectations (Organ, 1988). In this study analyzed by using data from the 2020 Public Service Life Survey published by the Korea Institute of Public Administration, which was collected from a perception survey of 4,339 general public officials in central government and metropolitan governments. In this study, a total of three hypotheses were established and tested. First, the transformational leadership of managers perceived by organizational members will have a positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior. This hypothesis was analyzed through regression. The result was found that the transformational leadership of managers perceived by organizational members showed a positive (+) effect on organizational citizenship behavior. This is an another support to the the theoretical discussions and many related studies of studying the relation between organizational citizenship behavior and the transformative leadership. Second, the hypothesis of 'communication within an organization will have a positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior' was verified by regression analysis. As a result, it was found that the active communication within the organization perceived by the members of the organization showed a positive (+) effect on the organizational citizenship behavior. This result also confirmed the relationship between communication and organizational citizenship behavior that could be confirmed in the previous theoretical discussion and the review of previous studies. Third, the more active communication within the organization, the stronger the positive relationship between the organizational managers transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior was verified while confirming the moderating effect of communication. As a result, it was found that organizational citizenship behavior had a negative (-) effect when the manager's transformational leadership was low in an organization with active communication. However, when communication within the organization is active, when the transformational leadership of managers recognized by the members of the organization is high, it can be confirmed that the organizational citizenship behavior has an effect in the positive (+) direction. When examining the questionnaire items of the data used, it can be seen that the communication-related questionnaire items are composed of vertical communication and horizontal communication. Communication is defined as the process of exchanging information mutually between two or more members of an organization to achieve a common goal of the organization (Roger, 1976). Information exchanged through communication is not only business-related information, but also information such as rumors and gossip. Looking at the analysis results from the perspective of social exchange relationship, when communication is active but managers' transformational leadership is low, organizational members receive fewer benefits and benefits from managers' transformational leadership, and exchange of gossip and rumors. It can be seen that individuals do not engage in organizational citizenship behavior such as altruistic behavior within the organization due to the negative emotions formed by weak perceived transformative leadership given by the manager while the communication level is active. On the other hand, the increase in organizational citizenship behavior can be seen when the communication is active and the transformational leadership of managers is also given in high level.1. μ„œλ‘  1 1.1 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λͺ©μ  및 ν•„μš”μ„± 1 1.2 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 방법 및 λ²”μœ„ 6 2. 이둠적 λ…Όμ˜μ™€ 선행연ꡬ κ²€ν†  7 2.1 쑰직 μ‹œλ―Ό 행동 7 2.1.1 μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™μ˜ μ •μ˜ 7 2.1.2 쑰직 λ‚΄ μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™μ˜ λ°œν˜„ 기제 10 2.1.3 μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™μ— λŒ€ν•œ 선행연ꡬ 뢄석 11 2.2 λ³€ν˜μ  리더십과 μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™ 12 2.2.1 λ¦¬λ”μ‹­μ˜ κ°œκ΄„μ  이해 12 2.2.2 λ³€ν˜μ  λ¦¬λ”μ‹­μ˜ μ •μ˜ 14 2.2.3 κ³΅κ³΅μ‘°μ§μ—μ„œ λ³€ν˜μ  λ¦¬λ”μ‹­μ˜ μ—­ν•  15 2.2.4 λ³€ν˜μ  리더십과 μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™μ˜ 관계 16 2.3 μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅ 18 2.3.1 μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅μ˜ κ°œλ… 18 2.3.2 μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅κ³Ό μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™μ˜ 관계 21 3. 연ꡬ섀계 25 3.1 연ꡬ κ°€μ„€ 25 3.2 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 뢄석틀 27 3.3 연ꡬ 방법 28 3.3.1 μžλ£Œμˆ˜μ§‘λ°©λ²• 28 3.3.2 μ—°κ΅¬λŒ€μƒ 29 3.3.3 λ³€μˆ˜μ˜ μ‘°μž‘μ  μ •μ˜μ™€ μΈ‘μ • 방법 29 3.3.4 λ¬Έν•­μ˜ 신뒰도 및 타당성 34 3.3.5 λ³€μˆ˜μ˜ 츑정도ꡬ ꡬ성 λ‚΄μš© 37 3.3.6 뢄석방법 39 4. 연ꡬ결과 40 4.1 ν‘œλ³Έμ˜ νŠΉμ„± 40 4.2 λ³€μˆ˜λ“€μ˜ κΈ°μ΄ˆν†΅κ³„ 41 4.2.1 μ’…μ†λ³€μˆ˜μ˜ κΈ°μ΄ˆν†΅κ³„λŸ‰ 41 4.2.2 λ…λ¦½λ³€μˆ˜μ˜ κΈ°μ΄ˆν†΅κ³„λŸ‰ 42 4.2.3 μ‘°μ ˆλ³€μˆ˜μ˜ κΈ°μ΄ˆν†΅κ³„λŸ‰ 43 4.3 λ³€μˆ˜λ“€μ˜ 상관관계 뢄석 κ²°κ³Ό 43 4.3.1 λ³€μˆ˜ κ°„μ˜ 상관관계 뢄석 43 4.3.2 λ³€μˆ˜ κ°„μ˜ 닀쀑곡선성 뢄석 44 4.4 λ‹€μ€‘νšŒκ·€λΆ„μ„μ„ ν†΅ν•œ 연ꡬ κ°€μ„€ 검증 46 4.4.1 λ³€ν˜μ  리더십이 μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯ 46 4.4.2 μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅μ΄ μ‘°μ§μ‹œλ―Όν–‰λ™μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯ 47 4.4.3 μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅μ˜ 쑰절효과 48 5. κ²°λ‘  52 5.1 뢄석결과 μš”μ•½ 및 해석 52 5.2 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 의의 및 μ‹œμ‚¬μ  54 5.3 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ ν•œκ³„ 56 6. μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ 58 7. Abstract 67석
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