8 research outputs found

    ์˜๋ฅ˜์ œํ’ˆ ๊ตฌ๋งค๊ฒฐ์ •๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ ์ƒํ‘œ์„ ํƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ƒํ‘œ์ถฉ์„ฑ ์œ ํ˜•

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์˜๋ฅ˜ํ•™๊ณผ,2006.Maste

    Resonant Soft X-ray Scattering Study on the Electronic and Magnetic Structures of Oxide Superlattices

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    Doctor๋‹ค์ธต ์ „์ด๊ธˆ์†์‚ฐํ™”๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ณ„๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ „์ž๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์—ฐ X-์„  ๊ณต๋ช…์‚ฐ๋ž€์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ X-์„  ๊ณต๋ช…์‚ฐ๋ž€์€ X-์„  ํก์ˆ˜๋ถ„๊ด‘๋ฒ•๊ณผ X-์„  ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ๋„์˜ ์žฅ์ ์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ „์ž๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊นŠ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋กœ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์„ ํ‰๊ด‘๊ณผ ์›ํ‰๊ด‘ X-์„ ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์Šคํ•€๊ณผ ๊ถค๋„ํ•จ์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์›์ž๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํก์ˆ˜๋๋จธ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ’์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „์ž๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์›์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ X-์„  ๊ณต๋ช…์‚ฐ๋ž€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ LaAlO3/SrTiO3(LAO/STO)์™€ La2/3Ba1/3MnO3/LaNiO3(LBMO/LNO)์˜ ๊ณ„๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ „์ž๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ๋“ค๋„ ๊ตฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์ธต ์ „์ด๊ธˆ์†์‚ฐํ™”๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ์งˆ์€ ๊ณ„๋ฉด์˜ ์ „์ž๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ตฌํ•œ ์ „์ž๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋‹ค์ธต์‚ฐํ™”๋ฌผ์˜ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‹ค๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.LAO/STO ๊ณ„๋ฉด์€ ์ „๋„์„ฑ, ์ดˆ์ „๋„์„ฑ, ์ž๊ธฐ์ €ํ•ญ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณ„๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ์ „์ž๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์˜ ์•„๋ž˜์ชฝ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณ„๋ฉด์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์—ฐ X-์„  ๊ณต๋ช…์‚ฐ๋ž€ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด LAO/STO ๋‹ค์ธต๋ฐ•๋ง‰ ๊ณ„๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ์ „์ž๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. (003) ๋‹ค์ธต๋ฐ•๋ง‰ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋Œ€์นญ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ธˆ์ง€๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋‚˜ Ti L2,3์™€ O K ํก์ˆ˜๋๋จธ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ’ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์—์„œ ์‚ฐ๋ž€๋œ X-์„ ์˜ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ณ„๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ์ „์ž๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ฯƒ ํŽธ๊ด‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ฯ€ ํŽธ๊ด‘์ผ ๋•Œ ์‚ฐ๋ž€๋œ X-์„ ์˜ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ๋ฉด๋Œ€์นญ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ’๋ณด๋‹ค 9๋ฐฐ ์ •๋„ ํฐ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ Ti d ๊ถค๋„ํ•จ์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฒน์นฉ์ด ์—†์–ด์ง์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ƒ๊ธด Templeton ์‚ฐ๋ž€ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. O K ํก์ˆ˜๋๋จธ๋ฆฌ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์—์„œ์˜ ์—ฐ X-์„  ๊ณต๋ช…์‚ฐ๋ž€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—์„œ๋Š” Ti t2g ๊ถค๋„ํ•จ์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” O p ๊ถค๋„ํ•จ์ˆ˜์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ด‰์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘˜๋กœ ๊ฐˆ๋ผ์ง€๊ณผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ด‰์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋†’์ด๊ฐ€ ํŽธ๊ด‘์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ dxy ๊ถค๋„ํ•จ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ t2g ๊ถค๋„ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋“ค๋„๋‹ค ์•ฝ 1 eV ์ •๋„ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ฐฉ ์ฐŒ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด STO์™€ NdGaO3 ๋‘ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ธฐํŒ์—์„œ ํ‚ค์šด ์‹œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์—ฐ X-์„  ๊ณต๋ช…์‚ฐ๋ž€ ์ธก์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋‘ ์‹œ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋ชจ์–‘์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.LBMO๋Š” ๊ฐ•์ž์„ฑ ๋„์ฒด์ด๊ณ  LNO๋Š” ์ƒ์ž์„ฑ ๋„์ฒด์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ LBMO/LNO ๋‹ค์ธต๋ฐ•๋ง‰์€ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€์ž๊ธฐ์ €ํ•ญ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ™๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ธก์ •๋œ ์ž๊ธฐ์ €ํ•ญ ๊ฐ’์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘๋‹ค. ์—ฐ X-์„  ๊ณต๋ช…์ž๊ธฐ์‚ฐ๋ž€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด์„œ ์ „ํ•˜๊ณผ ์ž๊ธฐ ์‚ฐ๋ž€์ง„ํญ์„ ๊ตฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ํ•˜ (์ž๊ธฐ) ์‚ฐ๋ž€์ง„ํญ์˜ ํ—ˆ์ˆ˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ํก์ˆ˜๋ถ„๊ด‘ (์ž๊ธฐ์›ํ‰๊ด‘์ด์ƒ‰์„ฑ) ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜์กด์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ „์ž๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ์ž๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌํ•œ ํก์ˆ˜๋ถ„๊ด‘ ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ Mn ๋‹น ์•ฝ 0.5๊ฐœ์˜ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ Ni๋กœ ๊ณ„๋ฉด์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์ด๋™ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณ„๋ฉด์—์„œ Mn์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ๋Š” ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ  Ni์—๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์œ ๋„๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ „ํ•˜์˜ ์ด๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด LNO๋Š” ์ƒ์ž์„ฑ ๋„์ฒด์—์„œ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ•์ž์„ฑ ๋ถ€๋„์ฒด๋กœ ์ƒ์ „์ด๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ž๊ธฐ์ €ํ•ญ ๊ฐ’์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.์—ฐ X-์„  ๊ณต๋ช…์ž๊ธฐ์‚ฐ๋ž€์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด LBMO/LNO์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒํ˜ธ์ธต ๊ตํ™˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธก์ •๋œ ์—ฐ X-์„  ๊ณต๋ช…์ž๊ธฐ์‚ฐ๋ž€ ํžˆ์Šคํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์‹œ์Šค ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์„์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ LBMO์ธต์—์„œ์˜ ์ž๊ธฐํžˆ์Šคํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์‹œ์Šค ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ตฌํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์™ธ๋ถ€์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์˜ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ ์ธ์ ‘ํ•œ ์ธต์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ๋Š ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฐ˜ํ‰ํ˜• ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์ธต์—์„œ์˜ ์ž๊ธฐํžˆ์Šคํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์‹œ์Šค์™€ ์ „์ฒด ์‹œ๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ž๊ธฐํžˆ์Šคํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์‹œ์Šค ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ธต ๊ตํ™˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ์ƒ์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ตฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค.The depth-resolved electronic and magnetic structures of transition metal oxide superlattices were studied using resonant soft x-ray scattering. In order to obtain information on spin and orbital states, circularly and linearly polarized x-rays were used, respectively. Element-specificity was also achieved by exploiting the resonant enhancement in the vicinity of absorption edges.LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) superlattices were studied to characterize their interface reconstructions. Near Ti L2,3 edges comparable intensities between ฯƒ- and ฯ€-polarizations observed at a (003) reflection, even though the angle between incident and scattered x-rays is around 70 degrees, are attributed to Templeton scattering caused by degeneracy-lifting of Ti 3d3d orbitals at the interfaces. From the results near O K edge it was found that the dxy orbital has lower energy by about 1 eV than other t2g orbitals. We used two LAO/STO superlattices grown on STO and GdGaO3 substrates in order to check the effect of tetragonal distortion on the interface electronic reconstruction. Experimental results for the both samples present the similar features.We studied reconstructed interface structures of a superlattice consisting a half metallic ferromagnet La2/3Ba1/3MnO3 (LBMO) and a metallic paramagnet LaNiO3 (LNO). In this superlattice, adjacent LBMO layers are coupled antiferromagnetically so that this superlattice has same structure as multilayers exhibiting giant magnetoresistance. However, its magnetoresistance is very small. The electronic and magnetic structures at the interfaces are resolved for those in the bulk by using quantitative analysis of soft x-ray resonant magnetic scattering (SXRMS) data. It was found that about 0.5 electron per Mn ion is transferred to the Ni ions through the interface, the magnetizations of the Mn ions are suppressed at the interface, and the LNO spacer layer becomes antiferromagnetic. As a result of charge transfer, the LNO layers changes from paramagnetic conductor to a antiferromagntic insulator, and the unusual magnetoresistance behavior is attributed to it.Finally, the interlayer exchange coupling in the LBMO/LNO superlattice was investigated. The magnetic hysteresis loop of each LBMO layer was extracted from measured SXRMS data, and the obtained layer-resolved LBMO hysteresis loops were utilized to determine the bilinear and biquadratic interlayer exchange coupling constants. From these results, we confirmed the adjacent LBMO layers in this superlattice are antiferromagnetically coupled
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