120 research outputs found

    Analysis of Impacts of the supplementary schemes on the drug reimbursement decision-making under the Positive List System

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : λ³΄κ±΄λŒ€ν•™μ› 보건학과(보건정책관리학전곡), 2018. 8. μ΄νƒœμ§„.2006λ…„ 12μ›” 29일 기쑴의 κΈ‰μ—¬λͺ©λ‘μ œμ™Έμ œλ„(Negative List System)κ°€ 없어지고, μ„ λ³„λ“±μž¬μ œλ„(Positive List System)κ°€ λ„μž…λœ 지 μ•½ 11년이 지났닀. μ„ λ³„λ“±μž¬μ œλ„λŠ” κΈ°μ‘΄κ³Ό 같이 λͺ¨λ“  μ˜μ•½ν’ˆμ„ κΈ‰μ—¬λͺ©λ‘μ— λ“±μž¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ, μž„μƒμ  μœ μš©μ„± 및 λΉ„μš©νš¨κ³Όμ„±μ„ λ§Œμ‘±ν•˜λŠ” μ˜μ•½ν’ˆλ§Œ κΈ‰μ—¬λͺ©λ‘μ— λ“±μž¬μ‹œν‚€λŠ” μ œλ„μ΄λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹€ λ³΄λ‹ˆ μ œλ„κ°€ μ‹œν–‰λ˜λ©΄μ„œ μ•”μ΄λ‚˜ ν¬κ·€μ§ˆν™˜ 같이 μΉ˜λ£Œμ•½μ œκ°€ μ œν•œμ μΈ μ˜μ—­μ—μ„œ λŠμž„μ—†μ΄ μ‹ μ•½μ˜ μ ‘κ·Όμ„± κ°•ν™”λ₯Ό μš”κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. μ •λΆ€μ—μ„œλŠ” μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ  μš”κ΅¬λ₯Ό κ³ λ €ν•˜μ—¬ μ„ λ³„λ“±μž¬μ œλ„ λ„μž… ν›„ ν•­μ•”μ œ 및 ν¬κ·€μ§ˆν™˜ 치료제의 접근성을 κ°•ν™”ν•˜λŠ” μ„ΈλΆ€ μ œλ„λ₯Ό λͺ‡ μ°¨λ‘€ μΆ”κ°€μ μœΌλ‘œ λ„μž…ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ—¬λŸ¬ μ„ ν–‰μ—°κ΅¬λ“€μ—μ„œλ„ 확인할 수 μžˆλ“―μ΄ μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 지남에 따라 ν•­μ•”μ œ 및 ν¬κ·€μ§ˆν™˜ 치료제의 κΈ‰μ—¬μœ¨μ€ μƒμŠΉν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸΌμ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  μ—¬μ „νžˆ λ―ΈμΆ©μ‘± 의료의 해결이 μš”κ΅¬λ˜λŠ” μ‚¬κ°μ§€λŒ€κ°€ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜κ³ , ν•΄λ‹Ή μ§ˆν™˜μ„ κ²ͺκ³  μžˆλŠ” ν™˜μžλ“€μ€ 보μž₯μ„± κ°•ν™”μ˜ ν™•λŒ€λ₯Ό μš”κ΅¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. κ²°κ΅­ μƒˆ μ •λΆ€μ—μ„œλŠ” μ§λ©΄ν•œ 상황을 ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ λΉ„κΈ‰μ—¬μ˜ μ „λ©΄ κΈ‰μ—¬ν™”λ₯Ό μΆ”μ§„ν•˜κΈ°μ— 이λ₯΄λ €λ‹€. μ•½μ œμ˜ 급여와 κ΄€λ ¨ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 일λͺ… μ„ λ“±μž¬ 후평가 μ œλ„μ˜ λ„μž…μ„ 고렀쀑인데, μ΄λŠ” μž„μƒμ  μœ μš©μ„±μ„ λ¨Όμ € κ²€ν† ν•˜μ—¬ κΈ‰μ—¬λͺ©λ‘μ— λ“±μž¬ν•˜κ³ , λ“±μž¬ ν›„ λΉ„μš©νš¨κ³Όμ„±μ„ νŒλ‹¨ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것이닀. μ„ λ“±μž¬ ν›„ν‰κ°€λ‘œ λŒ€ν‘œλ˜λŠ” λΉ„κΈ‰μ—¬μ˜ μ „λ©΄ κΈ‰μ—¬ν™” μ œλ„λŠ” μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ μ‹œν–‰λ˜μ–΄ μ™”λ˜ μ„ λ³„λ“±μž¬μ œλ„μ˜ 근간을 흔듀 κ°€λŠ₯성이 μžˆμ–΄ μ‚¬νšŒμ μœΌλ‘œ λ§Žμ€ λ…Όμ˜κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•œ 문제이고, ν˜„μž¬ μ—¬λŸ¬ μ΄ν•΄λ‹Ήμ‚¬μžλ“€μ΄ μˆ™μ˜μ˜ 과정을 거치고 μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ  λ…Όμ˜μ˜ κ²½κ³„μ—μ„œ μ„ λ³„λ“±μž¬μ œλ„ μ‹œν–‰ ν›„ ν•­μ•”μ œ 및 ν¬κ·€μ§ˆν™˜ 치료제의 보μž₯μ„± κ°•ν™”λ₯Ό μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ λ„μž…λœ μ„ΈλΆ€ μ œλ„κ°€ μ‹€μ§ˆμ μœΌλ‘œ 효과λ₯Ό λ―Έμ³€λŠ”μ§€ ν‰κ°€ν•΄λ³΄κ³ μž ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κΈ°μ‘΄μ—λŠ” μ‹ μ•½μ˜ 급여여뢀에 κ°κ΄€μ μœΌλ‘œ μ„ΈλΆ€ 정책이 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯을 ν‰κ°€ν•œ 연ꡬ가 μ—†μŒμ— 따라, μ„ΈλΆ€ μ œλ„κ°€ ν•­μ•”μ œ 및 ν¬κ·€μ§ˆν™˜ 치료제의 급여여뢀에 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 효과λ₯Ό 이쀑차이뢄석법을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , 보μž₯μ„± ν˜„ν™©μ„ νŒŒμ•…ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” ν•­μ•”μ œ 및 ν¬κ·€μ§ˆν™˜ 치료제 μ™Έμ˜ μ˜μ•½ν’ˆμ„ μΌλ°˜μ§ˆν™˜ 치료제둜 μ •μ˜ν•˜μ—¬ ν•­μ•”μ œ 및 ν¬κ·€μ§ˆν™˜ 치료제(λŒ€μƒμ§‘λ‹¨)의 λΉ„κ΅μ§‘λ‹¨μœΌλ‘œ μ„€μ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 뢄석방법은 μ•½μ œκΈ‰μ—¬ν‰κ°€μœ„μ›νšŒμ˜ ν‰κ°€μ‹œκΈ°λ₯Ό μ„Έ ꡬ간(1ꡬ간, 2ꡬ간, 3ꡬ간)으둜 λ‚˜λˆ„μ–΄ μ‹œκ°„μ°¨λ₯Ό 두고 2νšŒμ— 걸쳐 λ„μž…λœ μ œλ„μΈ 4λŒ€ μ€‘μ¦μ§ˆν™˜ 보μž₯μ„± κ°•ν™”μ •μ±… 및 κ²½μ œμ„±ν‰κ°€ νŠΉλ‘€ μ œλ„ 각각의 효과λ₯Ό ν‰κ°€ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ‹€λ§Œ, 2ꡬ간과 3κ΅¬κ°„μ˜ λΆ„μ„μ—μ„œλŠ” 2κ΅¬κ°„μ—μ„œ λŒ€μƒμ§‘λ‹¨κ³Ό 비ꡐ집단이 적용 λ°›λŠ” μ œλ„κ°€ μ™„μ „νžˆ μΌμΉ˜ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” μ œν•œμ μ΄ μžˆμ–΄, 1ꡬ간과 2+3ꡬ간을 λΉ„κ΅ν•˜λŠ” 뢄석을 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€κ³ , 두 가지 μ œλ„κ°€ ν˜Όν•©λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ” 상황을 ν†΅μ œν•˜κ³ μž 평가년도 λ³€μˆ˜λ₯Ό ν†΅μ œλ³€μˆ˜μ— μΆ”κ°€ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 뢄석 κ²°κ³Ό, 1ꡬ간 vs 2ꡬ간 λΉ„κ΅μ—μ„œλŠ” μ‹œκ°„λ³€μˆ˜μ™€ μ •μ±…λ³€μˆ˜μ˜ μƒν˜Έκ΅μ°¨ν•­μ΄ ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κ³ , 2ꡬ간 vs 3ꡬ간 λΉ„κ΅μ—μ„œλŠ” μƒν˜Έκ΅μ°¨ν•­μ΄ ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 즉, 4λŒ€ μ€‘μ¦μ§ˆν™˜ 보μž₯μ„± 강화정책은 λŒ€μƒμ§‘λ‹¨μ˜ κΈ‰μ—¬μœ¨ μƒμŠΉμ— 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κ³ , κ²½μ œμ„±ν‰κ°€ νŠΉλ‘€ μ œλ„λŠ” κΈ‰μ—¬μœ¨ μƒμŠΉμ— 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜, 두 가지 뢄석은 일뢀 μ œν•œμ μ΄ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” λ°”, 1ꡬ간 vs 2+3ꡬ간을 λΉ„κ΅ν•˜λŠ” 뢄석을 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•œ κ²°κ³Ό, 4λŒ€ μ€‘μ¦μ§ˆν™˜ 보μž₯μ„± κ°•ν™”μ •μ±… 및 κ²½μ œμ„±ν‰κ°€ νŠΉλ‘€ μ œλ„λŠ” λŒ€μƒμ§‘λ‹¨μ˜ κΈ‰μ—¬μœ¨ μƒμŠΉμ— ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜ν•œ 영ν–₯을 λ―Έμ³€κ³ , 특히, κ²½μ œμ„±ν‰κ°€ νŠΉλ‘€ μ œλ„κ°€ λ„μž…λœ μ‹œμ μ—μ„œλŠ” λŒ€μƒμ§‘λ‹¨μ΄ κΈ‰μ—¬λ‘œ 평가될 ν™•λ₯ μ΄ λ”μš± μ¦κ°€ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, μ„ΈλΆ€ μ œλ„μ˜ λ„μž…μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€μƒμ§‘λ‹¨μ˜ κΈ‰μ—¬μœ¨μ€ 1ꡬ간 λŒ€λΉ„ 3κ΅¬κ°„μ—μ„œ 2λ°° κ°€κΉŒμ΄ μ¦κ°€ν•˜μ—¬ λΉ„κ΅μ§‘λ‹¨μ˜ κΈ‰μ—¬μœ¨λ³΄λ‹€ λ†’μ•„μ§€λŠ” κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λƒˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό 보면 μ„ λ³„λ“±μž¬μ œλ„ ν•˜μ—μ„œμ˜ μ‹ μ•½μ˜ κΈ‰μ—¬μœ¨, 급여에 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” μš”μΈ, ν•­μ•”μ œ 및 ν¬κ·€μ§ˆν™˜ 치료제의 보μž₯μ„± κ°•ν™”λ₯Ό μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ μ„ΈλΆ€μ μœΌλ‘œ λ„μž…λœ μ œλ„μ˜ 효과λ₯Ό 확인할 수 μžˆλ‹€. 이λ₯Ό 톡해, ν˜„μž¬ λ…Όμ˜λ˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” λΉ„κΈ‰μ—¬μ˜ μ „λ©΄ κΈ‰μ—¬ν™” μ •μ±…μ˜ λ„μž… κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œλ„ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ²°κ³Όκ°€ 보탬이 될 수 μžˆμ„ 것이닀.β… . μ„œλ‘  1 1. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λ°°κ²½ 및 ν•„μš”μ„± 1 2. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λͺ©μ  4 β…‘. 이둠적 λ°°κ²½ 및 선행연ꡬ κ³ μ°° 5 1. 이둠적 λ°°κ²½ 5 1) μ„ λ³„λ“±μž¬μ œλ„μ˜ λ„μž… 5 2) μ„ λ³„λ“±μž¬μ œλ„μ—μ„œμ˜ κΈ‰μ—¬ 적정성 평가과정 7 (1) μš”μ–‘κΈ‰μ—¬ λŒ€μƒμ—¬λΆ€μ˜ ν‰κ°€λ‚΄μš© 및 선별기쀀 8 (2) μ•½μ œμ˜ μš”μ–‘κΈ‰μ—¬ λŒ€μƒμ—¬λΆ€ ν‰κ°€μ ˆμ°¨ 10 3) μ„ λ³„λ“±μž¬μ œλ„ μ‹œν–‰ ν›„ μ„ΈλΆ€ μ œλ„μ˜ λ„μž… 11 (1) 4λŒ€ μ€‘μ¦μ§ˆν™˜ 보μž₯μ„± κ°•ν™” μ •μ±… 11 (2) μ‹ μ•½μ˜ μ μ •κ°€μΉ˜ 반영 μ œλ„ 14 2. 선행연ꡬ κ³ μ°° 18 1) μš°λ¦¬λ‚˜λΌ μ‹ μ•½ κΈ‰μ—¬ ν˜„ν™© 18 2) μ œμ™Έκ΅­μ˜ μ‹ μ•½ κΈ‰μ—¬ ν˜„ν™© 20 3) μ œμ™Έκ΅­κ³Όμ˜ κΈ‰μ—¬ μˆ˜μ€€ 비ꡐ 21 4) κ΅­λ‚΄μ˜ ν•­μ•”μ œ 및 ν¬κ·€μ§ˆν™˜ 치료제의 μ ‘κ·Όμ„± λ…Όλž€ 22 5) μ œμ™Έκ΅­μ—μ„œμ˜ ν•­μ•”μ œ 및 ν¬κ·€μ§ˆν™˜ 치료제의 μ ‘κ·Όμ„± κ°•ν™” μ •μ±… 24 β…’. 연ꡬ 방법 25 1. 연ꡬ λŒ€μƒ μ •μ±… 25 2. 연ꡬ μžλ£Œμ› 26 3. 뢄석방법 31 1) λ‹¨μˆœ 이쀑차이뢄석 32 2) 닀쀑 이쀑차이뢄석 33 4. μ’…μ†λ³€μˆ˜ 및 μ£Όμš” λ³€μˆ˜ 34 1) μ’…μ†λ³€μˆ˜ 34 2) λ…λ¦½λ³€μˆ˜ 34 3) ν†΅μ œλ³€μˆ˜ 34 β…£. 연ꡬ κ²°κ³Ό 36 1. 일반적 νŠΉμ„± 36 1) μ—°κ΅¬λŒ€μƒ μ•½μ œλ“€μ˜ 일반적 νŠΉμ„± 36 2) μ•½ν‰μœ„ ν‰κ°€μ‹œκΈ°λ³„ κΈ‰μ—¬μœ¨ 38 2. 급여에 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯: λ‹¨μˆœ 이쀑차이뢄석 41 3. 급여에 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯: 닀쀑 이쀑차이 νšŒκ·€λΆ„μ„ 44 1) μ£Όμš”λ³€μˆ˜λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•œ 닀쀑 이쀑차이뢄석 45 (1) 4λŒ€ 쀑증 보μž₯μ„± κ°•ν™”μ •μ±… 45 (2) κ²½μ œμ„±ν‰κ°€ νŠΉλ‘€ μ œλ„ 46 (3) 4λŒ€ 쀑증 보μž₯μ„± κ°•ν™”μ •μ±… + κ²½μ œμ„±ν‰κ°€ νŠΉλ‘€ μ œλ„ 47 2) μ£Όμš”λ³€μˆ˜μ™€ ν†΅μ œλ³€μˆ˜λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•œ 닀쀑 이쀑차이뢄석 48 (1) 4λŒ€ 쀑증 보μž₯μ„± κ°•ν™”μ •μ±… 48 (2) κ²½μ œμ„±ν‰κ°€ νŠΉλ‘€ μ œλ„ 50 (3) 4λŒ€ 쀑증 보μž₯μ„± κ°•ν™”μ •μ±… + κ²½μ œμ„±ν‰κ°€ νŠΉλ‘€ μ œλ„ 51 β…€. κ³ μ°° 53 1. 연ꡬ 결과에 λŒ€ν•œ κ³ μ°° 53 1) 1ꡬ간 vs 2ꡬ간 54 2) 2ꡬ간 vs 3ꡬ간 55 3) 1ꡬ간 vs 2+3ꡬ간 56 2. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μ œν•œμ  58 3. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 의의 61 μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ 63 Abstract 67Maste

    Effect of thiopental or propofol continuous infusion on serum potassium disturbance in patients with increased intracranial pressure

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ˜ν•™κ³Ό(λ§ˆμ·¨ν†΅μ¦μ˜ν•™μ „κ³΅), 2014. 2. 박희평.Introduction: Thiopental continuous infusion is associated with hypokalemia and rebound hyperkalemia. However, the effect of propofol continuous infusion on serum potassium levels has not been investigated extensively. We retrospectively compared the effects of thiopental and propofol on serum potassium levels during continuous infusion. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 60 consecutive patients who received coma therapy or deep sedation for intracranial pressure control using either thiopental (n=37) or propofol (n=23) between January 2010 and January 2012. Results: Thirty-three (89.2%) patients in the thiopental group and nineteen (82.6%) patients in the propofol group had hypokalemia (serum potassium 5.0 mmol/L) after the cessation of therapy was higher in the thiopental group than in the propofol group (32.4 vs. 4.3%p<0.05). The average peak serum potassium concentration was 4.8 Β± 1.1 and 4.2 Β± 1.1 mmol/L in the thiopental and propofol groups, respectively (p<0.05). On multivariate analysis, thiopental (8.821 [1.000-77.811]p=0.049) and duration of continuous infusion (1.021 [1.004-1.039]p=0.016) were associated with rebound hyperkalemia once therapy was discontinued. Conclusions: When continuous infusion was used to relieve intracranial hypertension, propofol was less frequently associated with moderate to severe hypokalemia after induction and rebound hyperkalemia following the cessation of continuous infusion than thiopental.Introduction 1 Material and Methods 2 Results 5 Discussion 16 References 21 Abstract in Korean 25Maste

    Extended study on energy flow analysis for ship cabin noise in the medium-to-high frequency ranges

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(박사) -- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅λŒ€ν•™μ› : κ³΅κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ 쑰선해양곡학과, 2022.2. ν™μ„μœ€.μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²•μ€ μ‹œκ³΅κ°„ν‰κ· λœ μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ°€λ„μ™€ μΈν…μ‹œν‹°λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜ κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ³€μœ„ 및 μ••λ ₯기반의 전톡적인 ν•΄μ„λ²•κ³ΌλŠ” 달리 μ€‘βˆ™κ³ μ£ΌνŒŒμˆ˜λŒ€μ—­ 의 μ§„λ™βˆ™μ†ŒμŒν•΄μ„μ— μ ν•©ν•œ 해석방법이닀. μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²•μ˜ 지배방정 식은 2μ°¨νŽΈλ―ΈλΆ„λ°©μ •μ‹ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό 가지기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μœ ν•œμš” μ†Œλ²•κ³Ό κ²½κ³„μš”μ†Œλ²•κ³Ό 같은 μˆ˜μΉ˜ν•΄μ„κΈ°λ²•μ„ μ‰½κ²Œ μ μš©ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„μœ ν•œμš”μ†Œλ²•μ€ μ§€λ°°λ°©μ •μ‹μ˜ ν•΄λ₯Ό μœ ν•œμš”μ†Œλ²•μ„ μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ κ΅¬ν•œ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ³΅ν•©κ΅¬μ‘°λ¬Όμ˜ 진동해석에 효과적이며, μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„κ²½κ³„μš”μ†Œλ²•μ€ μ§€λ°°λ°©μ •μ‹μ˜ ν•΄λ₯Ό κ²½κ³„μš”μ†Œλ²•μ„ μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ κ΅¬ν•œκ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ 볡합 ꡬ쑰물의 μ†ŒμŒν•΄μ„μ— νš¨κ³Όμ μ΄λ‹€. λ³Έ λ…Όλ¬Έμ—μ„œλŠ” μ„ μ‹€ μ†ŒμŒμ œμ–΄λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ 널리 μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” ν‘μŒμž¬μ— λŒ€ν•œ 음ν–₯ μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λͺ¨λΈμ„ κ°œλ°œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 기쑴에 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” 저감쇠 음ν–₯ 맀질 (곡기 및 μˆ˜μ€‘)에 λŒ€ν•œ 음ν–₯ μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λͺ¨λΈκ³Ό λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ 흑음재의 λ³΅μ†Œ 음ν–₯ λ¬Όμ„±μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 고감쇠 λ§€μ§ˆμ— λŒ€ν•œ κ°μ‡ κ³„μˆ˜λ₯Ό μƒˆλ‘­κ²Œ μ •μ˜ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ§€λ°°λ°©μ •μ‹μ„ λ„μΆœν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 개발된 흑음재 음ν–₯ μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²•κ³Ό μœ ν•œμš”μ†Œλ²• 및 계츑값 비ꡐλ₯Ό ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬ 검증 및 흑음ꡬ쑰물 μ μš©μ— λŒ€ν•œ μœ μš©μ„±μ„ ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 곡기와 흑음재둜 이루어진 닀측ꡬ쑰 μ†ŒμŒκΈ° 해석 μ‹œ 경계 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ λΆˆμ—°μ†λ¬Έμ œ 해결을 μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„μ§€λ°°λ°©μ •μ‹μ˜ μ΄ˆλ‹¨μΌμ²΄μ λΆ„μ‹ (hypersingular integral)을 λ„μΆœν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 흑음재 음ν–₯ μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„λͺ¨λΈ 및 μ΄ˆλ‹¨μΌμ²΄μ λΆ„μ‹μ„ μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ„ λ°•μš© λ‚΄μž₯λ•νŠΈ(lined duct) μ†ŒμŒν•΄μ„μ„ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, 계츑 κ°’κ³Ό 비ꡐλ₯Ό ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬ ν•΄μ„μ ˆμ°¨λ₯Ό ν™•λ¦½ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν™•λ¦½λœ λ‚΄μž₯λ•νŠΈμ˜ ν•΄μ„μ ˆμ°¨λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬ 기쑴에 예츑 ν•  수 μ—†μ—ˆλ˜ λ²”μœ„μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ†ŒμŒμ„±λŠ₯ 좔정식을 λ„μΆœν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μŠ€ν•„λ¦¬ν„°(splitter) μ†ŒμŒκΈ°μ™€ 같이 λ³΅μž‘ν•œ ν˜•μƒμ„ κ°€μ§€λŠ” μ†ŒμŒκΈ° 해석을 μœ„ν•˜μ—¬, μœ ν•œμš”μ†Œλ²•κ³Ό μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²•μ˜ ν˜Όν•©ν˜•λͺ¨λΈ(FE-EFA hybrid model)을 μ œμ‹œν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, μ„ λ°•μš© μŠ€ν•„λ¦¬ν„° μ†ŒμŒκΈ°μ˜ 해석 및 계츑값과 비ꡐλ₯Ό ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬ 검증을 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 검증을 ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬ μ •λ¦½λœ ν•΄μ„μ ˆμ°¨μ™€ μœ μ „μ•Œκ³ λ¦¬μ¦˜μ„ μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μŠ€ν•„λ¦¬ν„° μ†ŒμŒκΈ°μ˜ 섀계 μ΅œμ ν™”λ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜κ³  절차λ₯Ό ν™•λ¦½ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ„ μ‹€μ†ŒμŒν•΄μ„ 및 섀계λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ 연ꡬλ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κΈ°μ‘΄ 해석 λͺ¨λΈμ—μ„œ κ³ λ €λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ˜ 직접μž₯ 영ν–₯을 λ°˜μ˜ν•œ μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²•μ„ κ°œλ°œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ‹€λ‚΄ κ³΅κ°„μ˜ κ²½κ³„μ—μ„œ 직접μž₯κ³Ό μž”ν–₯μž₯의 관계λ₯Ό κΈ°ν•˜μŒν–₯ν•™ (geometrical acoustics) κ°œλ…μ„ μ μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 규λͺ…ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ‹€μ œ μ„ λ°•μ„ μ‹€μ—μ„œ μ†ŒμŒκ³„μΈ‘μ„ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜μ—¬, μ˜ˆμΈ‘κ²°κ³Όμ™€ 비ꡐλ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μž˜μΌμΉ˜ν•˜λŠ” κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ„μΆœν•˜μ—¬ 검증을 μ™„λ£Œν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, μ •λ¦½λœ ν•΄μ„μ ˆμ°¨λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ μ„ μ‹€μ†ŒμŒ μ΅œμ†Œν™”λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ 섀계연ꡬλ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.Since energy flow analysis uses the space-time averaged energy density and intensity, it is an analysis method suitable for vibration and noise analysis in the medium-to-high frequency ranges, unlike the traditional analysis methods based on displacement and pressure. Numerical analysis techniques such as the finite element method and the boundary element method can be easily applied because the governing equation of energy flow analysis has the form of a second-order partial differential equation. Energy flow anlysis uses finite element method and boundary element method to obtain the solution of the governing equation, and are effective in the vibration analysis and noise analysis of complex structures, respectively. In this paper, acoustic energy flow model for sound absorbing materials widely used for cabin noise control is developed. Unlike existing acoustic energy flow models for low-damping acoustic media (air and water), loss factors for high-damping media are newly defined using the complex acoustic properties of sound absorbing materials, and the energy governing equation is derived. The usefulness of application and verification for sound-absorbing structures are confirmed by comparing the developed acoustic energy flow analysis, finite element method, and measured values. A hypersingular integral of the energy flow governing equation is derived to solve the boundary energy discontinuity problem in the analysis of a multi-layered silencer composed of air and sound absorbing material. An acoustic energy flow model for sound absorbing materials and hypersingular integral equation are used to analyze the noise of lined ducts for ships, and the analysis procedure is established through comparison with measured values. Through the established analysis procedure, the noise performance estimation formulas for the previously unpredictable range are derived. For the analysis of a silencer with a complex shape such as a splitter silencer, a FE-EFA hybrid model of the finite element method and the energy flow analysis method is presented. Validation and the design optimization of the splitter silencer are performed, and the optimization procedure for splitter silencers is established using the analysis procedure and genetic algorithm(GA). A study is conducted for cabin noise analysis and design. We developed an energy flow analysis that reflects direct field effects, which have not been considered in the existing analysis model. We investigated the relationship between direct fields and the reverberation fields on the boundary of an indoor space by applying the concept of geometrical acoustics. Noise measurement is performed in the actual ship cabin, and comparison with the predicted results is performed. A well-matched result is obtained and verification is completed, and based on the established analysis procedure, design studys are conducted to minimize cabin noise.1. μ„œλ‘  1 1.1. 연ꡬ배경 및 λ‚΄μš© 1 1.2. 논문ꡬ성 5 2. μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²•μ˜ κ°œμš” 7 2.1. μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²• 7 2.1.1. μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²•μ˜ 연ꡬ사 7 2.1.2. ν‰νŒμ˜ μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²• 10 2.1.3. 3차원 λ°©μ‚¬μ†ŒμŒμ— λŒ€ν•œ μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²• 15 2.1.4. 3차원 음ν–₯곡간에 λŒ€ν•œ μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²• 19 3. 흑음재 음ν–₯ μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λͺ¨λΈ 개발 28 3.1. 흑음재 음ν–₯ μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ§€λ°°λ°©μ •μ‹ 28 3.1.1. μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 전달 관계식 29 3.1.2. μ—λ„ˆμ§€ 손싀 관계식 36 3.1.3. μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ§€λ°°λ°©μ •μ‹ 39 3.2. 흑음재 음ν–₯ μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²•μ˜ 해석 41 3.2.1. 흑음재 음ν–₯ μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²• 검증 41 3.2.2. μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²•μ„ μ΄μš©ν•œ 흑음 ꡬ쑰물 해석 46 3.2.3. 흑음ꡬ쑰물 섀계에 λ”°λ₯Έ 해석결과 뢄석 50 4. μ„ λ°•μš© HVAC μ†ŒμŒκΈ° 해석 75 4.1. μ„ μ‹€ μ£Ό μ†ŒμŒμ› 75 4.1.1. μ„ λ°•μš© HVAC μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ νŠΉμ„± 75 4.1.2. HVAC μ†ŒμŒκΈ° 연ꡬ사둀 뢄석 83 4.2. μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²•μ„ μ΄μš©ν•œ μ†ŒμŒκΈ° 해석 88 4.2.1. λ‹€μ˜μ—­ν•΄μ„μ„ μœ„ν•œ μ΄ˆλ‹¨μΌμ²΄μ λΆ„λ²• 88 4.2.2. μ„ λ°•μš© μ†ŒμŒκΈ° 해석을 μœ„ν•œ FE-EFA 기법 98 4.3. μ„ λ°•μš© HVAC μ†ŒμŒκΈ° ν˜•νƒœμ— λ”°λ₯Έ μ†ŒμŒν•΄μ„ 114 4.3.1. λŒ€ν˜• λ‚΄μž₯λ•νŠΈ(lined duct)μ†ŒμŒν•΄μ„ 114 4.3.2. μœ μ†μ„ κ³ λ €ν•œ λŒ€ν˜• λ‚΄μž₯λ•νŠΈ(lined duct) 123 4.3.3. μŠ€ν•„λ¦¬ν„° μ†ŒμŒκΈ°(splitter silencer) μ†ŒμŒν•΄μ„ 134 4.4. μ„ λ°•μš© HVAC μ†ŒμŒκΈ° 섀계 140 4.4.1. μ„ λ°•μš© HVAC μ†ŒμŒκΈ° μ„±λŠ₯ 좔정식 140 4.4.2. μ„ λ°•μš© HVAC μ†ŒμŒκΈ° μ΅œμ ν™” 144 5. μ—λ„ˆμ§€νλ¦„ν•΄μ„λ²•μ„ μ΄μš©ν•œ μ„ μ‹€ μ†ŒμŒν•΄μ„ 165 5.1. μ„ μ‹€ μ†ŒμŒ νŠΉμ„± 165 5.1.1. μ„ μ‹€μ†ŒμŒκ·œμ • 및 νŠΉμ„± 165 5.1.2. μ„ μ‹€μ†ŒμŒν•΄μ„ 연ꡬ사둀 166 5.2. Direct Acoustic Energy Flow Analysis (DAEFA) 167 5.2.1. μ§μ ‘μŒμž₯ κΈ°λ³Έν•΄ 167 5.2.2. ν™•μ‚°μŒμž₯ κΈ°λ³Έν•΄ 170 5.2.3. μ „μ²΄μŒμž₯ μ˜ˆμΈ‘μ„ μœ„ν•œ 경계적뢄식 λ„μΆœ 171 5.3. DAEFAλ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•œ μ„ μ‹€ μ†ŒμŒν•΄μ„ 175 5.3.1. μ„ μ‹€μ†ŒμŒ 계츑 및 검증 175 6. κ²°λ‘  및 ν–₯ν›„ μΆ”μ²œμ—°κ΅¬ 187 6.1. κ²°λ‘  187 6.2. ν–₯ν›„ μΆ”μ²œμ—°κ΅¬ 189 Abstract 199λ°•

    λΆν•œ 'μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜μ˜ μ‘°μ„ ν™”(Koreanization)': λ¬Έν•™μ—μ„œμ˜ λ‹Ήμ˜ μœ μΌμ‚¬μƒμ²΄κ³„μ˜ 역사적 ν˜•μ„±

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (박사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ‚¬νšŒκ³Όν•™λŒ€ν•™ μ •μΉ˜μ™Έκ΅ν•™λΆ€, 2018. 2. 백창재.λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λͺ©ν‘œλŠ” ν•œκ΅­μ „μŸ 이후 1967λ…„ λΆν•œμ—μ„œ λ‹Ήμ˜ μœ μΌμ‚¬μƒμ²΄κ³„κ°€ μ„ μ–Έλ˜κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ 이데올둜기의 핡심 λΆ€λ¬Έμ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜€λ˜ λ¬Έν•™μ˜ˆμˆ  λΆ€λ¬Έμ—μ„œ μ „κ°œλœ 담둠을 μΆ”μ ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ λ‹Ήμ˜ μœ μΌμ‚¬μƒμ²΄κ³„λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ„±ν•œ 문예 λΆ€λ¬Έμ˜ μ •μΉ˜μˆ˜μ‚¬κ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ—­μ‚¬μ μœΌλ‘œ ν˜•μ„±λ˜μ—ˆλŠ”μ§€ λ°νžˆλŠ” 것이닀. λ‹Ήμ˜ μœ μΌμ‚¬μƒμ²΄κ³„λŠ” 1960λ…„λŒ€ ν›„λ°˜ 이후 ν˜„μž¬μ— 이λ₯΄λŠ” λΆν•œμ„ κ·œμ •ν•˜λŠ” 지배적 이데올둜기둜, κ·Έ ν˜•μ„±μ„ ν•΄λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” λ¬Έμ œλŠ” ν˜„μž¬ λΆν•œμ˜ 내뢀적 μž‘λ™κ³Ό λŒ€μ™Έμ  μ‹œκ·Έλ„μ„ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ€‘μš”ν•œ ν•¨μ˜λ₯Ό 가진닀. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 주된 관심은 μ™ΈλΆ€μ μœΌλ‘œ 보기에 μ™„μ „νžˆ κ³ μ •λœ 언어체계λ₯Ό 이미 ν™•λ¦½ν•œ μ΄λ°μ˜¬λ‘œκΈ°λ‘œμ„œμ˜ λ‹Ήμ˜ μœ μΌμ‚¬μƒμ²΄κ³„κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλ³΄λ‹€λŠ” 이데올둜기라 λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ” λ‹Ήμ˜ 유일 사상체계가 λ‚΄μ™Έμ μœΌλ‘œ κ³ μ •λœ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 참쑰체계λ₯Ό κ΅¬μΆ•ν•˜κ²Œ 된 과정을 κ·Έλ₯Ό ν˜•μ„±ν•œ λ‹΄λ‘ λ“€μ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜μΈ 문예 λΆ€λ¬Έμ—μ„œμ˜ 언어체계 ν˜•μ„±μ„ 톡해 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” 것이닀. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μ–΄λ–€ λ¬Έμ œμ˜μ‹λ“€κ³Ό 쟁점, μ†ŒμŸμ λ“€μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ…ΌμŸλ“€, κ΅­λ‚΄, κ΅­μ œμ •μΉ˜μ  λ§₯락 μ†μ—μ„œ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ κ²¬κ³ ν•œ μ²΄κ³„μ²˜λŸΌ λ³΄μ΄λŠ” λ‹Ήμ˜ μœ μΌμ‚¬μƒμ²΄κ³„μ˜ μ–Έμ–΄ 체계가 μ—­μ‚¬μ μœΌλ‘œ ν˜•μ„±λ˜μ—ˆλŠ”μ§€ νŒŒμ•…ν•˜κ³ μž ν•œλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” λΆν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ 체제 ν˜•μ„±κΈ°μ— μΌμ–΄λ‚œ μ£Όμš” λ‹΄λ‘ λ“€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ λ³Έ 연ꡬ가 μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜μ˜ μ‘°μ„ ν™”(Koreanization) 담둠이라 μ •μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 일련의 λ…ΌμŸλ“€μ„ κ·Έ κ²€ν†  λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ ν•œλ‹€. 1960λ…„λŒ€ ν›„λ°˜μ— 이λ₯΄λŠ” μ „ν›„ μ‹œκΈ°(1953-1967λ…„)λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” λΆν•œ 민주주의 인민 κ³΅ν™”κ΅­μ΄λΌλŠ” μ²΄μ œκ°€ μ œλ„μ , μ΄λ…μ μœΌλ‘œ ν˜•μ„±λœ 기간이닀. 체제 ν˜•μ„±μ€ 그와 κ΄€λ ¨λœ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ£Όμš” λ‹΄λ‘ (κ²½μ œν•™, 역사학, 민속학, κ³ κ³ ν•™, μ–Έμ–΄ν•™, 생물학, 건좕학 λ“± λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ λΆ„μ•Όλ₯Ό ν¬κ΄„ν•˜λŠ”)을 ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν–ˆλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 담둠듀은 ν•™μˆ μ  λΆ€λ¬Έμ˜ λ…ΌμŸμ΄λ©΄μ„œ λ™μ‹œμ— κ°•ν•œ μ •μΉ˜μ  ν•¨μ˜λ₯Ό κ°€μ§€λŠ” 정책적 λ…ΌμŸκ³Ό κ²°λΆ€λ˜λŠ” μ‹€μ²œμ  성격을 가진닀. λ³Έ 연ꡬ가 μ£Όλͺ©ν•˜λŠ” 것은 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 체제 ν˜•μ„±κΈ°μ˜ λ‹΄λ‘ λ“€ 쀑 λ¬Έν•™μ˜ˆμˆ  λΆ€λ¬Έ λ‹΄λ‘ μœΌλ‘œ, 이 담둠은 μ†ŒλΉ„μ—νŠΈμ—μ„œ μˆ˜μž…ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜λΌλŠ” νŠΉμ •ν•œ λ―Έν•™ 체계(μ°Έμ‘° 체계)λ₯Ό λΆν•œμ˜ 토양에 λΏŒλ¦¬λ‚΄λ € ν˜„λŒ€ μ‘°μ„  λ¬Έν•™μ΄λΌλŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 뢀문을 ν˜•μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 과정에 κ°œμž…λœ 일련의 λ…ΌμŸλ“€λ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±λœλ‹€. μ†ŒλΉ„μ—νŠΈ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜ μ²΄κ³„μ˜ 핡심인 λ ˆλ‹Œμ  λ‹Ή(黨)λ¬Έν•™ 건섀을 λΆν•œ ν˜„μ‹€μ— 맞게 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜λŠ” 것, 그것이 λ°”λ‘œ 1960λ…„λŒ€ ν›„λ°˜μ— 이λ₯΄λŠ” μ „ν›„ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜μ˜ μ‘°μ„ ν™” λ‹΄λ‘ μ˜ 쑴재 μ΄μœ μ˜€λ‹€. μ „ν›„ 1960λ…„λŒ€ ν›„λ°˜κΉŒμ§€ λ¬Έν•™μ˜ˆμˆ κ³„μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚œ λ‹Ή-κ΅­κ°€ λ¬Έν•™μ˜ˆμˆ  건섀에 λŒ€ν•œ λ‹΄λ‘ μœΌλ‘œμ„œ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜μ˜ μ‘°μ„ ν™”λŠ” μ†ŒλΉ„μ—νŠΈμ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜ 체계에 μ˜κ±°ν•΄ 체제 ν˜•μ„±κΈ°μ˜ λΆν•œμ˜ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν˜„μ‹€μ— λ§žλŠ” λΆν•œμ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ 문예의 ν˜•μ‹κ³Ό λ‚΄μš©μ„ κ΅¬μ„±ν–ˆλ‹€. λ‹Ή-κ΅­κ°€ 체제 ν˜•μ„±κΈ° μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ κ±΄μ„€μ˜ 원리에 따라 ν˜„μ‹€μ„ μƒˆλ‘­κ²Œ μ •μ˜ν•˜κ³  κ·Έ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν˜„μ‹€μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚΄λŠ” μž‘μ—…μ€ 경제 λΆ€λ¬Έ 건섀과 ν•¨κ»˜ λ¬Έν™” λΆ€λ¬Έμ˜ 건섀을 ν¬ν•¨ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. 경제 κ±΄μ„€μ—μ„œμ™€ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ λ¬Έν™” 건섀에 μžˆμ–΄ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν˜„μ‹€μ˜ 건섀, 쑰직 μ›λ¦¬λŠ” ꡭ제적 μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ μ§„μ˜μ΄ κ³΅μœ ν•˜λŠ” λ§‘μŠ€-λ ˆλ‹Œμ£Όμ˜ 세계관, λ―Έν•™ μ²΄κ³„λ‘œ μ™ΈλΆ€μ—μ„œ λ“€μ—¬μ˜¨ κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. 그런데 이 μ™ΈλΆ€μ—μ„œ μˆ˜μž…λœ μ–Έμ–΄ 체계λ₯Ό λ²ˆμ—­ν•΄ ν† μ°©ν™”ν•˜λŠ” λΆν•œμ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¬Έν™” κ±΄μ„€μ˜ 과정은 λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ λ¬Έμ˜ˆμ— μžˆμ–΄ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν˜•μ‹κ³Ό λ‚΄μš©μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚΄λŠ” μž‘μ—…μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 이 μ–Έμ–΄ μ²΄κ³„μ˜ ν† μ°©ν™”κ°€ μˆ˜λ°˜ν•œ 것은 κΈ°μ‘΄κ³ΌλŠ” μ°¨λ³„λœ 문화에 λŒ€ν•œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 인식, κ·Έ 인식을 ν† λŒ€λ‘œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν˜„μ‹€μ„ λ°˜μ˜ν•˜κ³  λ™μ‹œμ— κ·Έ ν˜„μ‹€μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚΄λŠ” λ¬Έν™”λ₯Ό κ±΄μ„€ν•˜λŠ” 인적, 물적 쑰건의 ν˜•μ„±μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. 즉 μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜μ˜ μ‘°μ„ ν™”λž€ λΆν•œμ˜ λ§₯λ½μ—μ„œ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜μ˜ μ–Έμ–΄ 체계λ₯Ό μ‹€μ²œν•˜λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 인간듀을 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚΄λŠ” μž‘μ—…μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€.제 1 μž₯ μ„œ λ‘  .......................................................................................1 제 1 절 λΆν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ κ±΄μ„€μ˜ 주의주의(voluntarism)적 νŠΉμ„± 7 제 2 절 담둠듀에 λŒ€ν•œ 역사적 μ ‘κ·Όμ˜ 의미 ........................... 11 제 2 μž₯ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜μ˜ μ‘°μ„ ν™” λ‹΄λ‘ μ˜ 역사적 μ ‘κ·Ό.........17 제 1 절 κΈ°μ‘΄ λΆν•œ 문예 λ‹΄λ‘  μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λΉ„νŒμ  κ²€ν†  .................18 1. κΈ°μ‘΄ λΆν•œ 문학사 μ„œμˆ  및 λ¬Έν™” μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ²€ν†  ............................19 2. μ†Œλ ¨ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜ μ›ν˜•μ˜ 성격에 λŒ€ν•œ κ³ μ°°κ³Ό κ·Έ λΆν•œμ  적용..........................................................................................23 제 2 절 λΆν•œ 체제 ν˜•μ„±κΈ° 문예 담둠에 λŒ€ν•œ 역사적 μ ‘κ·Ό ....27 1. μ†Œλ ¨ μ‚¬νšŒλ¬Έν™”μ‚¬ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 방법둠적 μ°Έκ³  ...................................28 2. μ†Œλ ¨ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜μ˜ 역사적 μ ‘κ·Όμ˜ 비ꡐ적 μ‹œκ° .........33 제 3 절 연ꡬ μžλ£Œμ™€ 방법 .........................................................40 제 4 절 각 μž₯의 λ‚΄μš© .................................................................42 제 3 μž₯ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜ μ‘°μ„ ν™” λ‹΄λ‘ μ˜ μ£Όμš” κ°œλ…: 제2μ°¨ μ‘°μ„  μž‘κ°€ λŒ€νšŒ ......................................................................................................44 제 1 절 2μ°¨ μ‘°μ„ μž‘κ°€λŒ€νšŒμ˜ 역사적 λ§₯락 ..............................47 제 2 절 λ„μ‹μ£Όμ˜ λΉ„νŒκ³Ό μ „ν˜•ν™” 문제 ....................................52 제 3 절 λ„μ‹μ£Όμ˜ λΉ„νŒκ³Ό κ·Έ λŒ€μ•ˆ ............................................57 1. λ…μž-인민의 μš”κ΅¬μ™€ 평가 ............................................................59 2. 당적 μ§€λ„λΆ€λ¬Έμ˜ 사업 κ°œμ„  ........................................................63 3. 신인 μž‘κ°€ λŒ€μ—΄μ˜ μœ‘μ„± ................................................................67 4. κ³ μ „ μœ μ‚°κ³Ό λ―Όμ‘± λ¬Έν™” μ „ν†΅μ˜ ν˜„μž¬μ  κ³„μŠΉ .............................72 5. λ²ˆμ—­κ³Ό 선진 λ¬Έν™”μ˜ 창쑰적 적용 ...............................................75 6. ν˜„μ§€ 파견 사업과 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν˜„μ‹€μ˜ ν˜•μƒν™” ..................................79 제 4 절 μ†Œκ²°: μ „ν˜•ν™”μ™€ 쑰선적 κ·ΌλŒ€μ„± ...................................82 제 4 μž₯ 쑰선적 κ·ΌλŒ€μ„±μ˜ 창좜 1: μ†Œλ ¨ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜μ˜ λ²ˆμ—­κ³Ό ii λΉ„νŒμ  적용...............................................................................................83 제 1 절 μ†Œλ ¨ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜μ˜ λ²ˆμ—­κ³Ό ν•™μŠ΅ ...................84 제 2 절 μ†Œλ ¨κ³Ό μ€‘κ΅­μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ λ¦¬μ–Όλ¦¬μ¦˜ λ…ΌμŸμ˜ λΉ„νŒμ  수용 99 제 3 절 μ†Œλ ¨ μ›ν˜•μ˜ λΉ„νŒμ  수용 .......................................... 117 1. ν•œμ„€μ•Όμ˜ 1957λ…„ 11μ›” μ‘°μ„ μž‘κ°€λ™λ§Ή μ€‘μ•™μœ„μ›νšŒ 제2μ°¨ μ „μ›νšŒμ˜ 보고와 μ›ν˜•μ˜ λΉ„νŒμ  수용.............................................118 2. μ†Œλ ¨ μ›ν˜•μ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ λΉ„νŒμ  수용의 μ‹œλ„λ“€ ................................127 제 4 절 ν˜„μ§€ μ²΄ν—˜ 사업과 당적 μ§€λ„λΆ€λ¬Έμ˜ ν˜•μ„± ................137 제 5 절 μ†Œκ²°: 여기와 창쑰적 적용의 문제..........................144 제 5 μž₯ 쑰선적 κ·ΌλŒ€μ„±μ˜ 창좜 2: 민쑱적 κ³΅κ°„μ˜ 창좜 ................148 제 1 절 쑰선적 νŠΉμˆ˜μ„± λ‹΄λ‘ μ˜ 전사(前史): 1930λ…„λŒ€ μΉ΄ν”„μ˜ μ°½μž‘λ°©λ²•λ‘  λ…ΌμŸκ³Ό ν•΄λ°© 직후 λ―Όμ‘±λ¬Έν•™λ‘  λ…ΌμŸ .............................151 1. 1930λ…„λŒ€ μΉ΄ν”„ μ°½μž‘λ°©λ²•λ‘  λ…ΌμŸ..............................................153 2. ν•΄λ°© 이후 남뢁 쒌읡 λ―Όμ‘±λ¬Έν•™λ‘  λ…ΌμŸ ....................................158 제 2 절 λ―Όμ‘± μœ μ‚°μ˜ κ³„μŠΉ 문제: 민쑱적 νŠΉμ„± λ…ΌμŸκ³Ό μ‚¬μ‹€μ£Όμ˜ λ°œμƒ λ°œμ „, μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ μ‚¬μ‹€μ£Όμ˜ λ°œμƒ λ°œμ „ λ…ΌμŸ ...........................159 1. 민쑱적 νŠΉμ„± λ…ΌμŸ .......................................................................160 2. λ¬Έμ˜ˆν•™μ‚¬ κ΄€λ ¨ λ…ΌμŸ ...................................................................161 제 4 절 인민 ꡬ전 μ°½μž‘μ™€ λ…μž μΈλ―ΌλŒ€μ€‘μ˜ ν˜•μ„± ................166 제 5 절 μ†Œκ²°: μ§€κΈˆκ³Ό ν˜„μž¬μ  κ³„μŠΉμ˜ 문제..........................175 제 6 μž₯ 쑰선적 κ·ΌλŒ€μ„±μ˜ 창좜 3: μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜μ  μΈκ°„ν˜•μ˜ μ°½μ‘°..177 제 1 절 ν˜„λŒ€μ  μ£Όμ œμ™€ 천리마 ν˜„μ‹€ ν˜•μƒν™” .........................178 제 2 절 신인 μž‘κ°€ λΆ€λŒ€μ˜ μž₯μ„±κ³Ό κ³΅μ‚°μ£Όμ˜μž ν˜•μƒ μ°½μ‘° ...187 제 3 절 μ‘°μ„  κ³΅μ‚°μ£Όμ˜μž μ „ν˜• 창쑰와 ν•­μΌλΉ¨μ°Œμ‚°μ „ν†΅ κ°•ν™”200 1. 천리마 기수 ................................................................................203 2. 남쑰선 μ• κ΅­μž ............................................................................204 3. 1930λ…„λŒ€ μ‘°μ„  κ³΅μ‚°μ£Όμ˜μž.......................................................205 제 4 절 μƒˆ 인간 μ „ν˜• 창쑰와 당적 μž‘κ°€μ˜ ν˜•μ„± ...................206 제 5 절 μ†Œκ²°: μ§€κΈˆ 여기와 쑰선적 κ·ΌλŒ€μ„±μ˜ 창좜.............210 iii 제 7 μž₯ κ²° λ‘ .................................................................................... 211 제 1 절 쑰선적 κ·ΌλŒ€μ„± ............................................................ 211 제 2 절 μ‚¬νšŒμ£Όμ˜ 문예의 역사적 ν˜•μ„±κ³Ό λ‹Ήμ˜ μœ μΌμ‚¬μƒμ²΄κ³„212 μ°Έκ³  λ¬Έν—Œ.........................................................................................221 Abstract ..........................................................................................236Docto

    타원 κ³‘μ„ μ˜ μˆ˜λ‘ μ— κ΄€ν•œ λͺ‡ 가지 κ°€μ„€λ“€

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (박사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μˆ˜λ¦¬κ³Όν•™λΆ€, 2016. 2. λ³€λ™ν˜Έ.The goal of the present thesis is twofoldwe show the two conjectures concerning the arithmetic of elliptic curves: the Stein–Watkins conjecture (for 5-isogenies) and the Gross--Zagier conjecture. Essentially, Stein--Watkins conjecture tells us about the relations of optimal curves in given rational isogeny class of elliptic curves. In this thesis we show the two optimal curves differ by a 5-isogeny if and only if the isogeny class is '11a'. The Gross--Zagier conjecture provides a theoretical evidence to the strong form of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture. We show when elliptic curves have particular types of rational torsion subgroups, the order of the torsion subgroup divides certain arithmetic invariants attached to the curve.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 Chapter 2. Elliptic curves 5 Chapter 3. Differing isogenies of optimal curves 45 Chapter 4. GrossZagier conjecture 59 Bibliography 127 Abstract (in Korean) 135Docto

    ν™˜κ²½μ˜€μ—Όκ·œμ œμ˜ νš¨μœ¨μ„±

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    졜근 ν•œνŽΈμœΌλ‘œλŠ” μˆ˜μΆœλΆ€μ§„μ˜ νƒ“μœΌλ‘œ κ²½κΈ°κ°€ 맀우 쒋지 μ•Šκ³  또 λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•œνŽΈμœΌλ‘œλŠ” 낙동강 νŽ˜λ†€λ°©μΆœμ‚¬κ±΄μ„ ν¬ν•¨ν•œ ν™˜κ²½μ˜€μ—Όμ‚¬κ±΄μ΄ 연달아 ν„°μ Έ ν™˜κ²½κ°œμ„ μ— λŒ€ν•œ 여망이 λ†’μ•„μ§€λŠ”λ°λ‹€κ°€ ν™˜κ²½κ°œμ„ μ— λŒ€ν•œ ꡭ제적 μ••λ ₯λ§ˆμ € 가쀑될 전망이닀. 상황이 이쯀 되자 ν•œνŽΈμ—μ„œλŠ” 우리경제의 ꡭ제경쟁λ ₯을 높이고 κ²½κΈ°λ₯Ό λ‹€μ†Œλ‚˜λ§ˆ μ§„μž‘μ‹œν‚€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” ν™˜κ²½μ˜€μ—Όκ·œμ œκ°€ μ™„ν™”λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ£Όμž₯이 κ°•λ ₯ν•˜κ²Œ λŒ€λ‘λ˜λŠ”κ°€ ν•˜λ©΄, 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•œνŽΈμ—μ„œλŠ” ν™˜κ²½λ¬Έμ œμ— 보닀 더 λŠ₯λ™μ μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€μ²˜ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” ν™˜κ²½μ˜€μ—Όκ·œμ œκ°€ λŒ€ν­ κ°•ν™”λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ λ†’λ‹€. μ •λΆ€κ°€ 즐겨 μ£Όμ°½ν•˜λŠ” κ²½μ œμ„±μž₯κ³Ό ν™˜κ²½λ³΄μ „ μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ μ‘°ν™”κ°€ κ·Έ μ–΄λŠ λ•Œ 보닀도 μ–΄λ €μ›Œμ§€κ³  μžˆλŠ” 상황인 것 κ°™λ‹€. 사싀 ν™˜κ²½μ˜€μ—Όκ·œμ œμ˜ λŒ€ν­ κ°•ν™”λ§Œμ΄ λŠ₯사가 μ•„λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ΄ν•˜μ—μ„œ μžμ„Ένžˆ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μ§€λ§Œ, ν™˜κ²½μ˜€μ—Όκ·œμ œλ₯Ό λΉ„λ‘―ν•œ μ •λΆ€μ˜ 각쒅 κ·œμ œλ“€μ€ ꡬ쑰적인 λΆ€μž‘μš©μ˜ κ°€λŠ₯성을 λ‚΄ν¬ν•˜κ³  있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. κ·œμ œλŠ” λ³΅μž‘ν•œ 경제의 미둜λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ νŒŒκΈ‰κ³Όμ •μ„ 거친 후에라야 κ·Έ 효과λ₯Ό λ“œλŸ¬λ‚΄λŠ” λ²•μ΄λΌμ„œ λ‹Ήμ΄ˆμ— μ˜λ„ν•œ νš¨κ³Όμ™€λŠ” μ „ν˜€ λ‹€λ₯Έ νš¨κ³Όκ°€ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ” 사둀가 λΉ„μΌλΉ„μž¬ν•˜λ‹€. κ·Έλ ‡κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— ν™˜κ²½μ˜€μ—Όκ·œμ œλ₯Ό λŒ€ν­ κ°•ν™”ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  ν•΄μ„œ 곧 λ°”λ‘œ λ‹Ήμ΄ˆ μ˜λ„ν•œ ν™˜κ²½κ°œμ„  νš¨κ³Όκ°€ 순순히 λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν™˜κ²½μ˜€μ—Όκ·œμ œμ˜ κ°•ν™”λŠ” λ™μ‹œμ— λΆ€μž‘μš©μ˜ λŒ€ν­κ°•ν™”λ₯Ό μ˜λ―Έν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλ‹€. κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€κ³  ν™˜κ²½μ˜€μ—Όκ·œμ œλ₯Ό μ™„ν™”ν•˜λŠ” 것은 λ‹¨κΈ°μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” 경제λ₯Ό ν™œμ„±ν™”μ‹œν‚€λŠ”λ° μ•½κ°„μ˜ 도움을 μ€„μ§€λŠ” λͺ¨λ₯΄λ‚˜ μž₯κΈ°μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” κ²½μ œμ„±μž₯κ³Ό ν™˜κ²½λ³΄μ „, 이 두 마리 토끼λ₯Ό λͺ¨λ‘ λ†“μ³λ²„λ¦¬κ²Œ ν•  곡산이 크닀

    Soft Three-Axis Load Cell using Liquid-Filled 3D Microchannels Embedded in a Highly Deformable Elastomer

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : κ³΅κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ 기계항곡곡학뢀, 2018. 8. λ°•μš©λž˜.The advances in soft robotics have increased the need of soft sensors in various applications involved with physical interactions between humans and robots. In this paper, we propose a soft multi-axis force sensor made of multi-material elastomer layers and embedded microfluidic channels that are sensitive to compression perpendicular to the channels length. The microchannels are geometrically divided into multiple segments for detecting forces in three axes. When a force is applied to the top surface of the sensor, the microchannels are compressed by multi-segmented force plates made of rigid plastic. While the microchannels located on the sides in the structure detect shear forces, the microchannel at the bottom detects normal force. The three-dimensional configuration of the microchannel physically separates the side channels from the bottom channel and consequently enables mechanical decoupling of shear forces from normal force. This paper describes the design and fabrication of the proposed sensor and discusses the experimental results for sensor characterization.Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. Design 2.1. Sensing Mechaism 2.2. Sensor Structure 2.3. Configuration of Microchannels 2.4. Force Plates Chapter 3. Fabrication Chapter 4. Sensor Characterization 4.1. Experimental Setup 4.2. Result Chapter 5. Materials and Sensor Performance 5.1. Material Selection 5.2. Experimental Result Chapter 6. Calibration using Machine Learning 6.1. Integration with Soft End Effctor 6.2. Learning Method 6.3. Result Chapter 7. Conclusion Bibliography Abstract in KoreanMaste

    Design of 2.5Gbps Preamplifier for Optical Receiver Using Broad Band Matching Circuit

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    L1 and L2 Acquisition of Korean Language : Focus on Phonological and Morphological Errors

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    μ–Έμ–΄ μŠ΅λ“ 과정에 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ” 였λ₯˜λŠ” μ–Έμ–΄μ˜ λ³΄νŽΈμ„±μ΄λ‚˜ μŠ΅λ“ 원리λ₯Ό λ°νžˆλŠ” μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ—΄μ‡ κ°€ 될 수 μžˆλ‹€. 이 논문은 ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 쀑간언어에 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œ 발음 였λ₯˜μ™€ ν˜•νƒœ 였λ₯˜λ₯Ό ν† λŒ€λ‘œ 제1언어와 제2μ–Έμ–΄λ‘œμ„œμ˜ ν•œκ΅­μ–΄ μŠ΅λ“ κ³Όμ •μ˜ μœ μ‚¬μ„±μ„ μ°Ύμ•„λ³΄κ³ μž ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ 외ꡭ인 ν•™μŠ΅μžλ“€μ˜ 였λ₯˜ νŒ¨ν„΄μ„ κ΄€μ°°ν•˜κ³ , λͺ¨κ΅­μ–΄λ‘œμ„œμ˜ ν•œκ΅­μ–΄ μŠ΅λ“μ— κ΄€ν•œ 선행연ꡬ 결과듀을 κ²€ν† ν•˜μ—¬ μ–Έμ–΄ μŠ΅λ“ 과정에 μ–΄λ–€ 원리가 μž‘μš©ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. 그리고 λͺ¨κ΅­μ–΄λ‘œμ„œμ˜ ν•œκ΅­μ–΄ μŠ΅λ“ κ³Όμ •κ³Ό 제2μ–Έμ–΄λ‘œμ„œμ˜ ν•œκ΅­μ–΄ μŠ΅λ“ 과정에 μ–΄λ–€ κ·œμΉ™μ„±μ΄ μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό, μœ μ•„μ˜ λͺ¨κ΅­μ–΄λ‘œμ„œμ˜ ν•œκ΅­μ–΄ μŠ΅λ“ κ³Όμ •κ³Ό λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ, 외ꡭ인 ν•™μŠ΅μžλ“€μ€ λͺ¨μ–΄λ₯Ό λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ ν•œκ΅­μ–΄λ‘œ λ²ˆμ—­ν•˜κΈ°λ³΄λ‹€ ν•œκ΅­μ–΄μ˜ 발음과 ν˜•νƒœμ— κ΄€ν•΄ 가섀을 μ„Έμš°κ³  이λ₯Ό μ‹€μ œ μ‚¬μš©μ— μ μš©ν•΄λ³΄λ©΄μ„œ μ–Έμ–΄λ₯Ό 배우고 μžˆμŒμ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 즉, 제2μ–Έμ–΄ μŠ΅λ“ κ³Όμ • μ—­μ‹œ μ–Έμ–΄μ˜ λ³΄νŽΈμ„±μ— 크게 영ν–₯을 받을 κ²ƒμž„μ„ μ§μž‘ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 쀑간언어에 보닀 λ§Žμ€ 관심을 κΈ°μšΈμž„μœΌλ‘œμ¨ ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ 인지 κΈ°λŠ₯을 κ°•μ‘°ν•˜λŠ” μ–Έμ–΄ ꡐ윑이 μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ§ˆ 수 있게 될 것이닀. Error analysis is one of the most useful methods for language acquisition research. This paper discusses about the characteristics common to L1 and L2 acquisition of Korean language on the basis of the phonological and morphological Errors. I have analyzed the characteristics of the interlanguage shown by foreign adult learners. In addition, I have probed for the principles governing L1 acquisition by examining the previous studies. Empirical results provide strong support for the systematicness in L1 and L2 acquisition. L2 Learners do not simply translate between the L1 and the L2, but apply hypotheses to the L2, and the same is true of the L1 learners. Thus, We might expect linguistic generalities to play an important role in acquisition of L2. In conclusion, it is necessary to note the interlanguage of language learners to develop the methodology of language teaching that emphasizes learners' cognitive functions

    Usability Evaluations on PDA Operating Systems

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