Asian dust initiated early spring bloom in the northern East Sea

Data for the TOMS aerosol index and SeaWiFS chlorophyll a clearly indicate that an early spring bloom in thenorthern East Sea can be initiated during the Asian dust event in association with precipitation. Spring bloom isnormally initiated in this area as the surface mixed layer becomes shallower than critical depth, in accordancewith Sverdrup's critical depth hypothesis. However, after the passage of Asian dust accompanied byprecipitation, spring bloom was initiated about one month earlier than the bloom during non-dust event years.We found that deepening of critical depth coincided with the early spring bloom observed during wet-dustevents. This early initiation of spring bloom indicates that the supply of bio-available nutrients such as ironthrough wet deposition induces deepening of the critical depth, which results in such an early initiation of thebloom in the area.2

Ocean acidification in the Ulleung Basin, the East Sea since 1995

1995년 이후 10년 동안 관측된 해수의 fCO2 자료를 이용하여 계절 변동성과 연 증가율을 추정하였고 조화분석 및 1차 선형식을 통해 fCO2 변동성을 시뮬레이션 하였다. 울릉분지 fCO2 증가율은 3.33 μatm yr-1 로 지구 평균(1.5 μatm yr-1)에 비해 다소 높은 편이다. 관측에서 얻은 총알칼리도 값과 fCO2 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해 pH 변화를 계산한 결과 울릉분지 pH 감소율은 0.04 pH unit decade-1 로 나타났고 대양의 고정관측점에서 측정된 감소폭(0.02 pH unit decade-1)에 비해 동해의 산성화가 더 빠르게 진행되고 있음을 알 수 있다. 대기로 방출된 탄소 증가에 따른 해수의 탄소 농도가 증가하는 효과와 더불어 지난 100년간 2 ℃ 정도 상승한 수온의 영향이 복합적으로 나타난 것으로 볼 수 있다. 앞으로 EAST-1 프로그램을 통해 고정 관측점에서 pH 변화를 모니터링 한다면 장기적 해양 산성화에 대한 더 많은 정보를 얻을 것으로 예상된다.2

Location extraction from meeting announcements

학위논문(석사) - 한국과학기술원 : 산업및시스템공학과, 2012.2, [ viii, 282p. ]한국과학기술원 : 산업및시스템공학과

Construction of LGG for Extracting Meeting Location

본 논문에서는 회의공지 이메일을 대상으로 하는 개최장소 추출시스템에 대하여 소개한다. 개최장소 추출 시스템은 두 단계로 구성되는데, 첫 번째 단계는 본문에 포함된 개최장소의 추출이고, 두 번째 단계는 추출된 개최장소의 Geocoding이다. 개최장소의 추출을 위하여 문맥 패턴을 분석하여 개최장소가 포함된 문장 주변의 패턴을 반영하는 Local-Grammar Graph를 구축하며, 개최장소의 Geocoding을 위하여는 Addr2Geocode API를 사용한다. 본 논문은 일정공지메일의 개최장소를 추출하기 위한 LGG 방법론 기반의 어휘-통사적 언어 정보를 기술하는 것을 목적으로 한다

Decadal trend of carbon dioxide and ocean acidification in the surface water of the Ulleung Basin, the East/Japan Sea

Since the Industrial Revolution, carbon dioxide emitted by humans has been perturbing the carbon cycle of the Earth, and both global warming and ocean acidification have accelerated. In this study, increasing CO2 and ocean acidification in the surface of the Ulleung Basin (UB) of the East/Japan Sea are discussed. It was revealed by means of twelve direct observations of surface fCO2 from 1995 to 2004 that the UB acts as a sink for atmospheric CO2, depending on the season. The seasonal variability of fCO2 is almost balanced between thermal and non-thermal effects. The long-term increasing trend of fCO2 was estimated, considering the seasonal variability by harmonic analysis, which fit well to the in-situ fCO2 observation data. The estimated rates of increase of fCO2 were 1.97 μatm yr-1 for the atmosphere and 3.36 μatm yr-1 for the surface ocean, exceeding the global mean of 1.5 μatm yr-1. The ocean acidification trend, which was calculated from total alkalinity and fCO2, is estimated to be 0.04 pH unit decade-1. Surface seawater of the UB has been acidifying rapidly comparing with the global ocean (0.02 pH unit decade-1). This study provides clues to the impacts of climate change and ocean acidification on a regional scale. in the surface of the Ulleung Basin (UB) of the East/Japan Sea are discussed. It was revealed by means of twelve direct observations of surface fCO2 from 1995 to 2004 that the UB acts as a sink for atmospheric CO2, depending on the season. The seasonal variability of fCO2 is almost balanced between thermal and non-thermal effects. The long-term increasing trend of fCO2 was estimated, considering the seasonal variability by harmonic analysis, which fit well to the in-situ fCO2 observation data. The estimated rates of increase of fCO2 were 1.97 μatm yr-1 for the atmosphere and 3.36 μatm yr-1 for the surface ocean, exceeding the global mean of 1.5 μatm yr-1. The ocean acidification trend, which was calculated from total alkalinity and fCO2,1

Rapid increasing trend of surface CO2 and ocean acidification in the surface water of the Ulleung Basin, East/Japan Sea inferred from the observations from 1995 to 2004

Anthropogenic carbon is responsible for both global warming and ocean acidification. Efforts are underway to understand the role of ocean in a high CO2 world on a global context. However, marginal seas received little attention despite their significant contribution to biogeochemical cycles. Here we report that the CO2 increase and ocean acidification in the surface waters of the Ulleung Basin (UB) of the East/Japan Sea are much faster than the global mean, and possible causes are discussed. Twelve observations of surface fCO2 were made in the period from 1995 to 2004. The decadal trend of fCO2 increment was estimated by harmonic analysis. The estimated rates of increase of fCO2 were 1.97 μatmyr&#8722 1 for the atmosphere and 3.36 μatmyr&#8722 1 for the surface ocean. The rates exceed the global mean of 1.5 μatmyr&#8722 1. The ocean acidification trend, calculated from total alkalinity and fCO2, was estimated to be 0.04 pH units decade&#8722 1. Surface seawater of the UB has been acidified more rapidly compared to the global mean (0.02 pH units decade&#8722 1). Results show that, if warming strengthens the currents or advection in the marginal seas, biological pump will be enhanced. This would lead to compensation for the presumed reduction in oceanic uptakeof atmospheric CO2 in the warmer world, which warrants quantification worldwide.r significant contribution to biogeochemical cycles. Here we report that the CO2 increase and ocean acidification in the surface waters of the Ulleung Basin (UB) of the East/Japan Sea are much faster than the global mean, and possible causes are discussed. Twelve observations of surface fCO2 were made in the period from 1995 to 2004. The decadal trend of fCO2 increment was estimated by harmonic analysis. The estimated rates of increase of fCO2 were 1.97 μatmyr&#8722 1 for the atmosphere and 3.36 μatmyr&#8722 1 for the surface ocean. The rates exceed the global mean of 1.5 μatmyr&#8722 1. The ocean acidification trend, calculated from total alkalinity and fCO2, was estimated to be 0.04 pH units decade&#8722 1. Surface seawater of the UB has been acidified more rapidly compared to the global mean (0.02 pH units decade&#8722 1). Results show that, if warming strengthens the currents or advection in the marginal seas, biological pump will be enhanced. This would lead to compensation for the presumed reduction in oceanic uptakeof atmospheric CO2 in the warmer world, which warrants quantification worldwide.1