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    Analysis on laws and regulations related with school health activities

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    ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์œค๋ฆฌํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ํ•™๊ต์˜๋ฃŒ์ธ๋ ฅ์ธ ๋ณด๊ฑด๊ต์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ์™€ ์˜๋ฃŒ์ธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด์ค‘์  ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ณด๊ฑด์—…๋ฌด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•์  ๊ทœ์ œ๋Š” ๊ต์œก์ธ์ ์ž์›๋ถ€ ์†Œ๊ด€์˜ ใ€Œํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด๋ฒ•ใ€์„ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ, ์‚ฌ์—…์ˆ˜ํ–‰์€ ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ์ฒด๊ณ„์˜ ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ํ˜‘์กฐ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ด์›์  ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•™๋ น๊ธฐ์ธ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ ์žฅ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ง๊ฒฐ๋จ์—๋„ ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ์ž…์‹œ์œ„์ฃผ์˜ ๊ต์œกํ˜„์‹ค ์†์—์„œ ์†Œ์™ธ๋˜์–ด์™”๋‹ค. ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ์ „๋‹ด๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด ๊ต์œกํ–‰์ •์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด์‚ฌ์—…์€ ๋ฏธํกํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹ค์‹œ๋˜๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด์—…๋ฌด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ์‹œ ์–ด๋Š ๋ฒ•๊ทœ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฒ•๊ทœ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ์ทจ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ๋„์—์„œ ์ ์šฉ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€์™€ ๋ฒ•์ด ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ, ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๊ทœ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฒ•์ฒด๊ณ„ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ, ๋ฒ•๊ทœ๊ฐ„์˜ ์กฐํ™”์™€ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ฑ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ , ์‹ค์ œ ํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด์—…๋ฌด ์‚ฌ์—…์‹œ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ์ž…๋ฒ•๋ฏธ๋น„๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์—…๋ฌด์˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€๊ณผ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์ƒ์‹ค๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๋ฒ•์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ฐํ˜€ ๋‚ด์–ด ํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฒ•๋ น ์ œ ๊ฐœ์ •์‹œ ์ฐธ๊ณ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๋ฒ•์  ์ œ๋„์  ๊ธฐํ‹€์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๋‚ด์‹คํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์‹œ๋„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š”ใ€Œํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด๋ฒ•ใ€์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ์™ธ ใ€Œ๊ต์œก๊ธฐ๋ณธ๋ฒ•ใ€,ใ€Œ์ดˆ.์ค‘๋“ฑ๊ต์œก๋ฒ•ใ€,ใ€Œํ•™๊ต์‹ ์ฒด๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ทœ์น™ใ€,ใ€Œ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๋ฒ•ใ€,ใ€Œ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„๋ฒ•ใ€,ใ€Œ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•ใ€,ใ€Œ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋ณดํ—˜๋ฒ•ใ€๊ณผใ€Œ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์ดํ•˜๊ฐ๊ธ‰ํ•™๊ต์„ค๋ฆฝ์šด์˜๊ทœ์ •ใ€,ใ€”2003๋…„ํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉํ–ฅใ€•,ํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด๊ด€๋ จ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์ •์„ ์—…๋ฌด๊ด€๋ จ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ํ›„ ๋ฒ•๊ทœ์˜ ์ ์ •์„ฑ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๊ทœ์ •์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์„œ์ˆ ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ถ„์„์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ ใ€Œํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด๋ฒ•ใ€์„ ์ž…๋ฒ•๋ฏธ๋น„๋กœ ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ ๋ฐ ๊ต์ง์›์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ใ€Œ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„๋ฒ•ใ€ใ€Œ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๋ฒ•ใ€๋“ค์˜ ์กฐํ•ญ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธใ€Œํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด๋ฒ•ใ€์— ์‘๊ธ‰์˜๋ฃŒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์  ๊ทœ์ •์„ ๋‘์–ด ๋ช…์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™๊ต์‘๊ธ‰์˜๋ฃŒ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™์ƒ ๋ฐ ๊ต์ง์›์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ์•ˆ์ „ํ™•๋ณด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ๊ฐ•๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ ํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด์—…๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ์ˆ˜๊ธฐํšŒํ™•๋Œ€์™€ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ค‘์•™์— ์กฐ์ •๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•  ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๋‘์–ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜„ ์‹ค์ •์— ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์‹ ์ฒด๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋Œ€ํญ ๊ฐœ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™๊ต๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฒ• ์ƒ ๋ฏธ๋น„์ƒํƒœ์ธ ํ•™๊ต์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋“ฑ๊ต์ค‘์ง€ ๊ทœ์ •๊ณผ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ ‘์ข…์™„๋ฃŒ์—ฌ๋ถ€์กฐํ•ญ์˜ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์™„๋น„ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด์—…๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ํ•„์ˆ˜์š”์†Œ์ธ ์žฌ์›์กฐ๋‹ฌ ๋ฒ•์กฐํ•ญ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ด ํ™•๋ณด๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฒ•๊ทœ์˜ ์ •๋น„๊ฐ€ ์ œ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ „๋ฌธ์  ์ž…๋ฒ•์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๊ด€์žฅ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง‘๋‹จ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ฃŒ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์–ด, ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ์š”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์šฉ๋œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ํ•™๊ต๋ณด๊ฑด ์—ญํ•  ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฒ•๊ทœ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ •. ๋ณด์™„ ์‹œ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜์–ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] School nurses should perform dual tasks as a teacher and a medical attendant, and regulations on their health service are based on ใ€ŒSchool Health Actใ€ and their medical activities are carried out under the cooperation of several medical organizations. Although health status of school aged adolescents is directly linked with national health status as well as a country''s future competitiveness, school health has been neglected in the educational circumstances which focus on obtaining knowledge and preparing for university entrance examination. As there is not any governmental body specialized in this field, what is worse, school health service through educational administration system has been unsatisfactory. The purposes of this study are to research regulations related to school health activities and their adaptability to real life without impairing the purpose for which they were formed; to reveal problems of school health activities with confusion and loss of direction caused by inadequate legislation; to offer references on amendment of school health regulations as well as to serve as a legal and institutional stepping-stone for school health service. The primary study material wasใ€ŒSchool Health actใ€, and ใ€ŒFramework Act on educationใ€,ใ€ŒElementary and Secondary Education Actใ€,ใ€Œschool Regulations of Physical Examinationใ€,ใ€ŒFramework Act on health & Medical serviceใ€,ใ€ŒNational Health Promotion Actใ€,ใ€ŒPrevention of contagious disease Actใ€,ใ€ŒNational Health Insurance Actใ€,ใ€ŒFoundation and Administration Regulations of Schools under High Schoolsใ€,ใ€ŒDirections of 2003 Public Health Administrationใ€ and other several thesis on school health were referred to. Regulations on school health service were, first of all, analyzed and classified according to performances, and medical organizations were also assorted and examined. Then, with close study of propriety of regulations, this thesis points out several problems on regulations and proposes reform remedies, which makes itself a descriptive and analytic research. The proposals are as following; First, the item for promotion of students and faculties health, which was omitted in ใ€ŒSchool Health Actใ€, should be made up for with ใ€ŒNational Health Promotion Actใ€ andใ€ŒFramework Act on health & Medical serviceใ€. Second, we should add provisions for emergency treatment toใ€ŒSchool Health Actใ€to ensure students and faculties health and security. Third, we should set up a governmental organization which will be charge of offering more opportunity to study and be trained for better school health performances. Current regulations of physical examination should be revised to support the program for school health improvement. In addition, since the regulations on both suspending school for contagious disease prevention and vaccination have a procedural problem, they should be amended to make procedure easier. Finally, insufficient legal items for fund raising should be also revised to guarantee budgets for school health. With cooperation with research institutes or administrative bodies, these proposals should be in use as references when regulations are revised and improved while accepting a variety of needs and a societies change.ope
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