13 research outputs found

    Development of Creep Resistant Mg Alloys for High Pressure Die Casting

    No full text
    ๊ณ ์••๊ธˆํ˜•์ฃผ์กฐ(High Pressure Die Casting, ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ…)๋Š” ์šฉํƒ•์„ ๊ณ ์†, ๊ณ ์••์œผ๋กœ ๊ธˆํ˜• ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋กœ ์ฃผ์ž…์‹œ์ผœ ์ฃผ์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต์ •์œผ๋กœ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผ์กฐ ๊ณต์ •์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์งง์•„ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๊ณ , ๋‘๊ป˜๊ฐ€ ์–‡๊ณ  ํ˜•์ƒ์ด ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ, ๋†’์€ ์‘๊ณ ์†๋„์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฆฝ์ด ๋ฏธ์„ธํ•ด์ง€๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ์„ฑ์งˆ์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŠน์„ฑ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ… ๊ณต์ •์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ฃจ๋ฏธ๋Š„, ์•„์—ฐ, ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ๋“ฑ ์ €์œต์  ๊ธˆ์†์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ ์ œ์กฐ์— ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค ํŠนํžˆ, ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์€ ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ… ๊ณต์ •์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ธˆํ˜•๊ณผ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ฑ์ด ์•Œ๋ฃจ๋ฏธ๋Š„ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ ๊ณ , ์šฉํƒ•์˜ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฐ•์œก ์ „์ž ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ์ œํ’ˆ์€ ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ… ๊ณต์ •์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ œ์กฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ…์šฉ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ Mg-Al๊ณ„ ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์กฐ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ์›์†Œ Ca, RE, Sr, Si ๋“ฑ์„ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ๋ฐ ๋‚ด์—ด ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ง„๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ…์šฉ ๋‚ด์—ด ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์€ Al์„ ์ฃผ ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ์›์†Œ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” Al์˜ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์˜ ์ƒ์˜จ ๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ์šฉํƒ•์˜ ์ฃผ์กฐ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ Al์€ ๊ณ ์˜จ์—์„œ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ ์ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์˜ Al์„ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚ด์—ดํŠน์„ฑ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, Al ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, Ca, Sr, RE ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ์›์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ตœ์  ์กฐ๊ฑด์˜ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ…์šฉ ๋‚ด์—ด ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ(AJE710, AJE810, AEX710, AXE710 ๋ฐ AXE810)์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ง„๊ณต ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ… ๊ณต์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹œํŽธ์„ ์ œ์กฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ์„ค๊ณ„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ์—ด์—ญํ•™ ์ „์‚ฐ๋ชจ์‚ฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ(PandatTM)์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ์›์†Œ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ ๋ฐ ์„์ถœ์ƒ ๊ฑฐ๋™์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ์ œ์กฐ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์šฉํƒ•์ถฉ์ง„ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ(AnyCastingTM) ๋ฐ ์ง„๊ณต์žฅ๋น„ ์ ์šฉ, ๊ธˆํ˜• ์„ค๊ณ„, ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ… ์žฅ๋น„๊ฐœ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์  ์šฉํƒ•์ถฉ์ง„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ…์šฉ ๋‚ด์—ด ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ(AJE710, AJE810, AEX710, AXE710 ๋ฐ AXE810)์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ฮฑ-Mg, Mg17Al12, Al8Mn5, (Mg,Al)2Ca, Al4Sr, AlMgSr, Al2Ce ๋ฐ Al11Ce3์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฆฝ๊ณ„์— ์ƒ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด์—ด ํŠน์„ฑํ‰๊ฐ€๋Š” 150oC ์˜จ๋„, ์‘๋ ฅ 70 MPa ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๋‚ด์—ด ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์ด ๊ธฐ์กด ์ƒ์šฉํ•ฉ๊ธˆ AZ91์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์†๋„๊ฐ€ 100๋ฐฐ ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๋‚ด์—ด ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋™ ๋ถ„์„์€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๋‚ด์—ด ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ ์ค‘ ์ธ์žฅ ๋ฐ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” AXE710 ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์˜จ๋„ 130~170oC ๋ฐ ์‘๋ ฅ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„ 50~100 MPa ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ ๊ธˆ์†์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณ ์šฉ์ฒด ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ์†๋„์™€ ์‘๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋กœ๊ทธ๊ฐ’์„ ์ทจํ•œ ์ง์„ ์ ์ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‘๋ ฅ์ง€์ˆ˜ n ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ์„์ถœ์ƒ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์ตœ์†Œ์‘๋ ฅ์ธ ์ž„๊ณ„์‘๋ ฅ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ n ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ใ€–ฮต ฬ‡ ใ€—^(1โ„n) ๊ณผ ฯƒ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ž„๊ณ„์‘๋ ฅ 5.7 MPa์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ž„๊ณ„์‘๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „๋‹จ ํƒ„์„ฑ๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ํ™•์‚ฐ๊ณ„์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋ณด์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ’์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‘๋ ฅ์ง€์ˆ˜ 4.9์˜ ๊ฐ’๊ณผ 64.4 kJ/mol์˜ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด, AXE710 ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์€ 130~170oC ์˜จ๋„ ๋ฐ ์‘๋ ฅ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„ 50~100 MPa ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์ „์œ„์ƒ์Šน(Dislocation Climb) ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ(Low temperature dislocation creep mechanism)๋ฅผ ์ž…์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ์‹คํ—˜ ์ „ํ›„ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฆฝ ๋ฏธ๋„๋Ÿฌ์ง์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์ด ์—†์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฆฝ ๋‚ด ์„์ถœ๋ฌผ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑ์‹œํ‚จ ํ›„, ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ถฉ์กฑ์‹œ์ผœ, ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ…์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์กฐ๋œ AXE710 ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์ „์œ„์ƒ์Šน์ด ์ฃผ๋œ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ, AXE710 ์กฐ์„ฑ์˜ ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์ด ๋‚ด์—ด ํŠน์„ฑ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ, ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ… ๊ณต์ •์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ธˆํ˜•์ฃผ์กฐ ๋ฐ ์••์ถœ๊ณต์ •์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ๊ณต์ •๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์กฐ์ง ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์˜จํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ…์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์กฐ๋œ AXE710 ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฆฝ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” 13.1 ยตm์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธˆํ˜•์ฃผ์กฐ๋กœ ์ œ์กฐํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ธˆํ˜•์˜จ๋„ 100oC ๋ฐ 500oC ์—์„œ 66.2 ยตm, 111.3 ยตm, ์••์ถœ๊ณต์ •์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, 5.6 ยตm์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฆฝ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๊ณต์ •์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฆฝ ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์••์ถœ, ๊ธˆํ˜•์ฃผ์กฐ, ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ… ๊ณต์ • ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ… ๊ณต์ •์—์„œ ์ œ์กฐํ•œ ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ž์„œ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—์„œ, ์ฆ‰, ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฆฝ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์†๋„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ, ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์„ ๋•Œ์˜ ์ตœ์  ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฆฝ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋„์ถœ๋œ ์‹์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ตฌํ•ด์ง„ ์ตœ์ ์กฐ๊ฑด์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฆฝ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” 22.1 ยตm๋กœ, ์•ž์„œ์˜ ์‹คํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์–ด ์ด๋ก ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ์‹คํ—˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋น„๊ต์  ์ž˜ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ… ๊ณต์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์กฐํ•œ AXE710 ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์˜ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด, ๊ธˆํ˜•์ฃผ์กฐ๋‚˜ ์••์ถœ๊ณต์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์กฐ๋œ AXE710 ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์˜ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋น„ํ•ด, ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์ด์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž˜ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง„๊ณต ๋‹ค์ด์บ์ŠคํŒ… ๊ณต์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒ๊ณ ์˜จ ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ฐ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๋งˆ๊ทธ๋„ค์Š˜ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ AXE710 ํ•ฉ๊ธˆ์€ 150oC ๋ฐ 50~100 MPa ์‘๋ ฅ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์‘๋ ฅ์ง€์ˆ˜ 4.9์˜ ๊ฐ’์„, 130~170oC ๋ฐ ์‘๋ ฅ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„ 70 MPa ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ 64.4 kJ/mol์˜ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์–ด, ์ „์œ„์ƒ์Šน์— ์˜ํ•œ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์ด ์ฃผ์š” ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ, ์ตœ์  ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฆฝ ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์†๋„ ๊ด€๋ จ์‹์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ, ํฌ๋ฆฌํ”„ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ ์ตœ์  ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฆฝ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹คํ—˜์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€๋„ ๋น„๊ต์  ์ž˜ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.High pressure die casting (HPDC) is a manufacturing process in which molten metal is injected with a HPDC machine under force using high speed and considerable pressure into a mold. As an example of a near net shape manufacturing process, the HPDC process is the most preferred manufacturing process as it incorporates high efficiency, high production volume and low production cost of the HPDC process. Moreover, the die-casts exhibited enhanced mechanical properties because of a refined microstructure due to fast solidification. For these reasons, die-cast components have been produced for low melting point metals, such as aluminum, zinc and magnesium alloys. In particular, magnesium alloys have the advantages of high specific strength and fluidity, good machinablility, die sticking tendency compared to aluminum alloys for the HPDC process. Most magnesium alloy components have been produced by the HPDC process. A large number of die-cast Mg alloys that are based on the Mg-Al alloys have been developed. It has also been reported that various alloying elements, such as Ca, RE, Sr and Si, have been added to improve the mechanical properties, creep and corrosion resistance. As indicated above, Al was added to Mg as the prime alloying element to increase the room temperature strength and castability. However, high Al level can decrease the high temperature strength and ductility. Therefore, the appropriate levels of Al addition are required to provide a good balance of strength, ductility and castability. The overall objective of this research was to develop new magnesium alloys with enhanced creep property by using high pressure vacuum die casting process. As a result new creep resistant Mg alloys (AJE710, AJE810, AEX710, AXE710 and AXE810) were developed by changing Ca, MM (Ce-rich Mischmetal) and Sr to a Mg-Al based alloy by using high pressure vacuum die casting process. In terms of alloying design, the effect of precipitation behavior and alloying elements on creep properties of Mg alloys were analyzed by considering the creep mechanisms and using the thermodynamic computational program (PandatTM). As for fabrication of Mg alloys, optimum vacuum die casting conditions were determined by casting simulation (AnyCastingTM), die design with application of vacuum block and modification of the HPDC machine for effective vacuum in the die cavity. The microstructure of those Mg alloys (AJE710, AJE810, AEX710, AXE710 and AXE810) consists of primary ฮฑ-Mg surrounded by a eutectic region of intermetallics including Mg17Al12, Al8Mn5, (Mg,Al)2Ca, Al4Sr, AlMgSr, Al2Ce and Al11Ce3. It was found that the precipitates were formed and distributed along the grain boundaries. The creep test was carried out at a temperature of 150oC and under a stress of 70 MPa. As a result, the creep rates of the die-cast alloys (AJE710, AJE810, AEX710, AXE710 and AXE810) were nearly two orders of magnitude lower than that of AZ91 having a creep rate of 2.72 ร— 10-7s-1. In order to evaluate the mechanism and behavior of creep on the alloys (AJE710, AJE810, AEX710, AXE710 and AXE810), the AXE710 alloy, which had the better creep rate and higher tensile strength among these alloys, was selected and evaluated at stresses ranging of 50~100 MPa and in the temperatures of 130oC to 170oC. In general, the stress exponent n for pure metal or solid solution alloys was calculated from the slope of lnฮต ฬ‡ versus lnฯƒ at a given temperature. However, for particle hardened alloys, the effect of threshold stress, which is lower stress that creep does not appear to occur, should be considered in calculating the stress exponent. As a result, the value of threshold stress was determined to be 5.7 MPa by plotting the data on linear axes as ใ€–ฮต ฬ‡ ใ€—^(1โ„n) against ฯƒ and extrapolating linearly to the zero strain rate. The stress exponent n was measured as 4.9 by relationship between double logarithmic plot of ฮต ฬ‡kT/DGb and the modulus compensated stress of (ฯƒ-ใ€– ฯƒใ€—_th)/G. From the result, the stress exponent was 4.9, and creep activation energy was calculated to be 64.4 kJ/mol. It was found that die-cast AXE710 alloy was deformed by dislocation climb creep mechanism at stresses ranging from 50 to 100 MPa and at temperatures of 130oC to 170oC. The low temperature dislocation climb creep mechanism was identified as following two ways, microstructure and creep test. The one was to observe that there was no sliding or shearing of the grain boundary in alloy after creep test. Another way was to confirm improving the creep property after peak aging of die-cast AXE710 alloy. As a result, above two requirements for dislocation climb creep were satisfied. Then, it can be inferred that dislocation climb was dominant creep mechanism in this alloy. In addition, the relationship between microstructure and creep behavior of the AXE710 alloy with different fabrication technologies including the HPDC, permanent mold casting and extrusion processes were studied in order to determine whether the AXE710 alloy is suitable for the HPDC process in terms of creep property. The average grain size for the die-cast AXE710 alloy was 13.1 ยตm, and that of the AXE710 alloy at 100oC and 500oC of mold temperature from the permanent mold casting was 66.2 ยตm and 111.3 ยตm, respectively. In the case of extrusion, the grain size of the AXE710 alloy was 5.6 ยตm. Comparing grain sizes to secondary creep rate of the AXE710 alloy produced at each fabrication process, it was ranked in order of enhanced creep property: extrusion, permanent mold casting and the HPDC processes. Then it was found that the AXE710 alloy produced by the HPDC process exhibited better creep resistance than those produced by permanent mold casting and extrusion processes. From the above results, theoretical optimum grain size of the AXE710 alloy which having the lowest creep rate was derived by relationship between grain size and creep rate. Then, the theoretical optimum grain size was determined to be 22.9 ยตm and the result of calculated optimum grain size was in agreement with experimental result. It described well the reason why the creep property of the AXE710 alloy produced by the HPDC process was superior to that of the AXE710 alloy fabricated by permanent mold casting and extrusion technologies. In this work, new Mg alloys (AJE710, AJE810, AEX710, AXE710 and AXE810) with enhanced creep property and high strength at room and high temperatures were developed by using high pressure vacuum die casting process. Especially the AXE710 alloy showed the stress exponent was 4.9 at stresses in the range of 50~100 MPa at 150oC, creep activation energy was calculated to be 64.4 kJ/mol at temperatures of 130~170oC with stress of 70 MPa, which indicating that creep deformation was dominated by dislocation climb creep mechanism. Moreover, after deriving the equation about relationship between grain size and creep rate, theoretical optimum grain size was determined when creep rate of the AXE710 alloy had the lowest value.Docto

    ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ๋ฐ€๋ง ๊ณต์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์กฐํ•œ ๋น„์ •์งˆ์ƒ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ์•Œ๋ฃจ๋ฏธ๋Š„ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ์กฐ์ง ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ํŠน์„ฑ

    No full text
    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์žฌ๋ฃŒ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€,2006.Maste

    ๊ณต์ •์—์„œ์˜ ๊ธˆํ˜•์ถฉ์ „ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ณตํ˜•์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

    No full text
    Thesis (doctoral)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ,1997.Docto
    corecore