[[alternative]]Study of Hatred in Buddhism and its Applications in Modern Society

[[abstract]]　　本研究從佛教的角度，探討瞋以及其對治法門，進而兼論瞋心對治在於現代的社會上的應用。　　面臨同樣的境界，有的人能夠心平氣和，有的人卻會火冒三丈。現代社會問題中，有多少完全與瞋心扯不上關係？在快速變遷的資訊時代，能夠在瞋心生起的時候，知道生起的因由，找到對治的方法，實為重要。　　本研究先針對瞋的基本概念著手：瞋，即是對眾生仇恨厭惡，其具有排斥性，並展現於行為、言語，或是心理作用。瞋心比喻的詞彙可歸納為四種性質：破壞性、畏懼性、頑劣性、虛妄性。再就瞋心生起的原因以及過患進行探討，找出根本的源頭為我執之餘，也同時昭告瞋心所引發的過失，嚴重者乃導致無止盡的輪迴。從瞋心的對治法門中，以懺悔來反省自己，以八正道、四無量心來調伏瞋心，還要以般若空慧來對治我執。對於現代社會的應用，本研究以星雲大師所撰寫的〈十修歌〉以及人間佛教弘化過程中的三個實例：應對教難而撰寫《貧僧有話要說》的因緣、高雄國際水果節、巴西如來之子光明教育計畫，作為探討對象，論述當面對生氣的境界時，在現實生活的實際例子中如何降伏瞋心，乃至於對社會國家所帶來的影響。[[abstract]]　　This paper is a study about hatred and its remedy from a Buddhist perspective, and discuss its implementation to remedial hatred in modern society.　　When facing the same situation, some people would remain calm and some would be angry. Hatred is the one of the main factor that lead to social issues. Therefore, it is important to cultivate the ability to recognize when the occurrence of hatred, and find out its reason in order to apply the right method to remedy it.　　Thus, this paper will first focus on the basic concept and meaning of hatred. Hatred is a feeling of hate on sentient being, which contain concept of repellency and will be shown through actions and words or working in the mind. Next, metaphors of hatred as cited in Buddhist sutras will be defined and was being categorized into four characters which are destruction, fearfulness, obsession and deception. The origin and cause of hatred was being explored, which was egocentric. The most critical mistakes that arises after hatred was endless reincarnation. There are four ways to overcome hatred by delving into the root of it all, which are repentance, eight noble path, four immeasurable minds, and wisdom of emptiness. The remedy to subdue hatred is self-reflection. Regarding the implementation in today's society, this research will explore the ＂Song of the Ten Practices and Cultivations＂ written by the Venerable Master Hsing Yun. The paper will also examine three successful examples of Humanistic Buddhism activities, namely ＂Kaohsiung International Fruit Festival＂, the education plan ＂The Son of Zu Lai＂, and the preface of The Humble Monk; to dissertate the way to face hatred in the real life, thus proving that this practice will bring benefit to the society and the country