Interactions between marine bacteria and phytoplankton and the application in the control of harmful algae

近年来，海洋微型生物在物质地球生物化学循环中扮演的关键作用被越来越多研究学者所关注。与此同时，由浮游植物异常增殖所造成的赤潮爆发现象在全球愈演愈烈，成为一种海洋灾害极大地威胁了人类的经济活动与身体健康。而充分利用自然环境中存在的菌藻互作关系进行赤潮的调控也成为近年来的研究热点。本研究通过分离多种相关功能菌株，一方面探究菌藻关系的复杂性，另一方面深入挖掘微生物对赤潮藻的拮抗机理，并进行了微生物赤潮调控剂产业化生产的尝试。主要研究结果如下： 1) 我们选取了海洋中广泛分布的细菌Alteromonas和微藻Thalassiosira，从不同的时间维度，不同的培养条件入手，对两者的相互作用进行全面的...Recently, the key roles of marine microbes in the biogeochemical cycles have attracted more and more attention. Meanwhile, the “red tides” (harmful algal blooms, HABs) triggered by the abnormal proliferation of phytoplankton have occurred more and more frequently all around the world and severely threaten human activities. Therefore, taking the advantage of microbe-phytoplankton interactions to co...学位：理学博士院系专业：生命科学学院_微生物学学号：2162013015409

Application of immobilized microorganism in bioremediation of polluted water involved in mariculture and harmful algal blooms

固定化微生物技术作为一种新型的生物修复技术,具有高效、稳定、生物安全性较高等特点,已经广泛应用于各种污染水体的净化修复之中,也包括受污染日益严峻的近海养殖水体。综述从固定化微生物技术的出现和应用出发,对不同固定方法的优劣及其所擅长降解的污染物类型进行对比,对不同载体的特点进行分析,总结了固定化微生物技术在近海养殖水体污染修复的研究概况,并对当前该技术应用存在的问题进行分析和未来研究的方向进行展望。Immobilized microorganism is newly applied in bioremediation, which is high efficient, stabile and safe.Recently, it has been widely used in the purification of various polluted water, including the increasingly serious pollution of the offshore aquaculture water.This paper we first introduce the method of immobilized microorganism technology and the selection of carrier.Then we summarize the research advance in application of immobilized microorganism technology in the seriously polluted offshore aquaculture water.Finally we analyze the current problems existing in the application of the technology and discuss the future research needs.海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(No.201305016;201305022); 国家基金委-山东省联合基金项目(No.U1406403

Screening of High Lipid-producing Fungus and Analysis of Composition of the Lipid

通信作者:[email protected][中文文摘]以早期从海洋环境中分离得到的38株海洋真菌为材料,采用苏丹黑染色法初筛,摇瓶法复筛,得到1株油脂产率相对较高(27.96%)的菌株MD2,经鉴定,该菌株为粘红酵母(Rhodotorula glutinis).再以MD2为出发菌株,经紫外诱变、亚硝基胍诱变和紫外-亚硝基胍复合诱变,最终得到突变菌株MD2-1;采用酸热法提取粘红酵母MD2-1的菌体油脂,测定了其产脂能力,并采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)测定其脂肪酸组成.结果表明:MD2-1的产脂能力较强,油脂质量达菌体干质量的45.32%,较MD2提高17.36%;MD2-1菌体油脂中检测出9种脂肪酸,其脂肪酸组成与植物油近似,其中10-十八(碳)烯酸占脂肪酸总量的71.53%,为10-十八(碳)烯酸工业化生产提供菌种资源,为其规模化生产奠定基础.[英文文摘]Thirty-eight marine fungi strains were isolated from marine environment and subjected to preliminary screening with Sudan Black dye and further screening by shake-flask culture.As a result,strain MD2 was found to have the highest lipid content of 27.96% and identified as Rhodotorula glutinis.The strain was mutagenized respectively with UV light,nitrosoguanidine(NTG) and their combination,obtaining the mutant MD2-1.The lipid was extracted from the strain Rhodotorula glutinis MD2-1 by acid-heat extracting methods,and its fatty acids was analyzed by GC-MS.The results showed that R.glutinis MD2-lexhbited strong ability to produce lipid,and the total amount of lipid represented an average of 45.32% of the dry strain weight..The fatty acid composition of the lipid from R.glutinis MD2-1 was similar to vegetable oil and fat,and the 10-octadecenoic acid accounted for 71.53% of the total fatty acids,so this research made a major significance:provided seed resources for industrial production of 10-octadecenoic acid and laid the foundation for its large-scale production.国家自然科学基金重点项目(40930847)、面上项目(31070442); 福建省自然科学基金项目(2012J01150