第六届中日学者中国古代史论坛会议综述

2014年5月24日,由中国社会科学院历史研究所和日本东方学会联合主办的第六届中日学者中国古代史论坛在东京日本教育会馆召开。本届论坛的主题是“现阶段中国史的时代划分——结合历史学、思想史、文学“。来自中国、日本从事中国古代史研究的专家、学者共计70余人参加了本届论坛。开幕式上,日本东方学会东京支部长、山东大学儒学高等研究院教授池田知久先生发表主题讲话。他指出:从上世纪50年代开始,日本学界就曾经针对中国古代

北宋京畿地区洪涝的协同治理

北宋京畿地区的洪涝治理是自上而下的行政行为,体现着朝廷和各级政府的组织能力,在实际运作中既需要君主和朝廷的动员,也仰赖开封府、州县以及治水机构和官员的协作。宋初,由于缺少专职的治水机构和职官,君主通过选派武将、宦官及门官员等亲信来开展治水事务。这种君主授权的近臣治理模式,在政令传达上更便捷,行政效率也更高,但这往往取决于君主的个人意志和权威,因而难以长期持续。自宋真宗朝开始,逐渐走向设官分职的制度化模式,先后有多个机构和职官参与京畿地区的洪涝治理。作为专项事务,洪涝治理的开展依托相应的机构,比较简捷的形式是基于既有的行政区划,将洪涝治理的职责划归相应的行政机构。洪涝灾害一般会超出既有行政区划的边界,宋廷因地制宜地设置了跨越行政区划的专职机构或差遣官。中央高校基本科研业务费项目“北宋京畿地区洪涝治理研究”(20720181073);;教育部重点研究基地重大项目“7-16世纪的信息沟通与国家秩序”(17JJD770001

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桥市是商品经济蓬勃发展的产物,至迟在中晚唐就已出现,至北宋中后期则逐渐成为东京市场体系的重要组成部分。不仅桥梁,城门也是街市中充满活力与时代气息的商业节点。由于桥门市井原本是下层社会的日常生活空间,在北宋前中期并不被上层社会所关注,所以史籍中少有记载。然而,不同城市阶层通过在桥门市井的日常消费、娱乐等活动实现近距离的接触和了解。伴随着越来越多的知识精英参与其间,至北宋后期,反映东京桥门市井的文学、艺术作品日渐增多。从城市书写来看,桥门市井在时间上具有一定的滞后性,这也折射出社会结构与阶层观念的变迁。原属于底层社会的日常公共空间逐步被知识精英所接受,这无疑是古代城市不断走向文明进步的一种表征。厦门大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(项目编号:20720181073);;北京大学中国古代史研究中心教育部重点研究基地重大项目“7—16世纪的信息沟通与国家秩序”(项目编号:17JJD770001)的阶段性成

ラピッドプロトタイピング成形冷却管のGA による設計に関する研究

九州工業大学博士学位論文（要旨） 学位記番号:情工博甲第239号 学位授与年月日:平成22年3月24日九州工業大

Population Distribution and Space Utilization of Kaifeng in the Northern Song Dynasty

作为北宋的都城,东京的城市规模与地方州县不是一个量级,其自身发展也存在着独特现象,呈现出中国古代城市发展进程中的另一种发展模式。北宋东京人口密度呈现出圈层式的分布特征,其内城的人口密度远远高于外城,症结在于各种城市功能的高度集中。东京内城不仅体现都城的行政功能,还附载着经济、军事、宗教、居住等其他配套功能,造成内城空间用地极其紧张,并带来一系列城市问题:都人的生活空间局促,生活成本高昂,舒适度受到影响,存在消防治安、环境污染、卫生疾疫等隐患。为了在有限空间里来承载更多的城市功能,北宋东京更加注重对城市空间的优化利用,通过空间的借用、延展及功能的多元化等方式充分挖掘城市空间的容纳效力,提高了城市空间的利用效率。私宅改为客邸也盘活了有限的房屋资源,缓解了城内的居住压力。对于东京来说,与其说是城郊都市化,毋宁说是另一种内聚式的发展模式,通过各种方式充分提高城内空间的利用效率。As the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty,the city scale of Kaifeng and the local state county was not an order of magnitude,and its own development also had a unique phenomenon,which was another development mode of China's ancient city development process. The Kaifeng population density showed a distribution of circle type. The inner city population density was far higher than outside the city,the crux of the problem lied in a variety of city function was highly concentrated. The city of Kaifeng not only carried the administrative function of capital,but also carried the economic,military,religious,residential and other supporting functions. The urban function was highly concentrated would inevitably result in the inner space was extremely tight. Subsequently,it also brought a series of urban problems: the cramped living space,the cost of living high,comfort affected,and the existence of the hidden dangers of fire security,environmental pollution,health epidemic diseases. In order to carry out more urban functions in the limited space,Kaifeng in the Northern Song Dynasty paid more attention to the optimization of urban space,through the use of space,extension and function of the diversity and other ways to fully tap the city space to accommodate the effect,improve the utilization efficiency of urban space. Private residences changed for hotels also activated the limited housing resources,to ease the pressure on the city living and thus eased the contradictions of urban function and space in a certain extent. For Kaifeng,saying with its was the urbanization of outskirts of a city,but another cohesive style development model,through a variety of ways to fully improve the utilization efficiency of the city space.中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(项目编号20720151124)资

ラピッドプロトタイピング成形冷却管のGA による設計に関する研究

九州工業大学博士学位論文（要旨） 学位記番号:情工博甲第239号 学位授与年月日:平成22年3月24

HIV-1 early diagnosis of men having sex with men in Hong Kong and discovery of novel agents for HIV-1 treatment from traditional Chinese herbal medicine

Over the 30 years since it was first identified, the HIV/AIDS epidemic has had historically unprecedented severity and impact. There are approximately 33.4 million people living with HIV-1/AIDS which urges to seek novel approaches for HIV-1 diagnosis and HIV-1 therapy. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are severely affected by HIV-1 and constitute a large proportion of HIV-infected individuals. In Hong Kong, the transmission route of homosexual and bisexual contacts accounted for nearly 50% of incidence in 2012. To investigate HIV-1 prevalence among MSM in Hong Kong, the combination of fast antibody test (FAT) and real-time dried-blood-spot-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (DBS-qPCR) was employed for 474 participants chosen randomly from community testing sites of MSM within a one-year period which showed a 4.01% (19/474) rate of HIV-1 prevalence among MSM in Hong Kong with three cases at the acute phase among the newly infected participants. The new survey demonstrated that the risk factors of MSM are mostly correlated with the receptive role during anal sex and syphilis infection. In this study, two traditional Chinese herbal medicines (TCHM), Sanguisorba officinalis (SO) and Spatholobus suberectus (SS), inhibited the infection of model cell lines expressing HIV-1 targets by HIV-1 pseudoviruses, while the anti-HIV-1 properties of SO were demonstrated for the first time. Both SO and SS were able to block not only infection by pseudoviral HIV-1 CCR5-tropic and CXCR4-tropic strains, but also RT and PI drug-resistant strains. Mechanistic studies revealed that SO and SS interact with the viral envelope to prevent the infection of target cells by HIV-1. Two compounds derived from SO and SS, named Gallic acid (GA) and Jiazhi (JZ), retained anti-HIV-1 properties and blocked HIV-1 infection by acting on the viral envelope. Small molecules derived from TCHM were also investigated for their capacity to activate HIV-1 from latency. A small molecule derived from SS, Daidzein (DDZ), demonstrated the potentials to trigger HIV-1 reactivation in latently infected cell lines. DDZ enhanced gene expression from HIV-1 LTR in which the Sp1 binding site plays an important role. The Akt pathway is also involved in the initiation of DDZ-induced activation. Phosflow analysis revealed that DDZ activated the Akt pathway in various subpopulations of T cells, including memory CD4+ T cells which are considered to be a major reservoir for HIV-1. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) study demonstrated the 4'-hydroxyisoflavone as bio-functional core structure. Addition of a hydroxyl group on C-5 position significantly decreases its biological function of HIV-1 latency activation. In summary, this study investigates HIV prevalence and incidence using an assay for early HIV-1 diagnosis and performs an analysis of risk factors of behavior which contributes to the effective control of HIV transmission in Hong Kong and its neighbors in Asia. It also demonstrates a drug research sourced from traditional Chinese herbal medicines that which sheds lights on drug discovery from traditional herbal medicines and facilitates mechanistic drug design for HIV-1 eradication.published_or_final_versionMicrobiologyDoctoralDoctor of Philosoph

3GPP LTE系统中小区负载均衡机制的研究

第三代合作伙伴计划（3GPP）长期演进（LTE）系统与上一代无线通信网络相比,在基站传输速率和小区容量上都有了极大的提高,相应地对网络无线资源管理功能也提出了更高的要求。文章探讨了无线资源管理中的一个重要方面:负载均衡的问题。首先分析了网络中小区可能发生过载的原因,并讨论了传统的基于小区切换的解决方法可能存在的风险。随后提出一种以缩小终端搜索范围、并能避免乒乓效应为特征的算法。仿真结果表明,该算法能够实现小区中无线资源的优化分布

Cooperative Control of Floods and Waterlogging in the Capital City and Its Environs in the Northern Song Dynasty

梁建国，厦门大学历史系副教授,历史学博士。【中文摘要】北宋京畿地区的洪涝治理是自上而下的行政行为,体现着朝廷和各级政府的组织能力,在实际运作中既需要君主和朝廷的动员，也仰赖开封府、州县以及治水机构和官员的协作。宋初，由于缺少专职的治水机构和职官，君主通过选派武将、宦官及阎门官员等亲信来开展治水事务。这种君主授权的近臣治理模式,在政令传达上更便捷，行政效率也更高,但这往往取决于君主的个人意志和权威，因而难以长期持续。自宋真宗朝开始,逐渐走向设官分职的制度化模式,先后有多个机构和职官参与京畿地区的洪涝治理。作为专项事务，洪涝治理的开展依托相应的机构，比较简捷的形式是基于既有的行政区划,将洪涝治理的职责划归相应的行政机构。洪涝灾害一般会超出既有行政区划的边界,宋廷因地制宜地设置了跨越行政区划的专职机构或差遣官。 【Abstract】Flood control in the capital during the Northern Song Dynasty was a top-rdown administrative act, reflecting the organizational ability of the imperial court and governments at all levels. In practice，flood control required the mobilization of the monarch and the imperial court and the cooperation of Kaifeng government，prefectures and counties，water control agencies and officials. In the early Song Dynasty，due to the lack of full - rtime water management institutions and officials,the monarch conducted water management by appointing military generals，eunuchs and close-rdoor officials.This governance mode of intimate ministers authorized by the monarch was more convenient in communicating decrees and more efficient in administration，but it often depended on the personal will and authority of the monarch，making it difficult to sustain for a long time. Since Emperor Zengong of the Song Dynasty，it gradually began to move towards the institutionalized mode of setting up officials and dividing their duties. Several organizations and officials successively participated in flood control in the capital region. As a special matter，the development of flood control relied on the corresponding institutions ，whose simpler form was based on the existing administrative divisions，and the responsibility of flood control was assigned to the corresponding administrative agencies. Flood disasters usually exceeded the boundaries of the existing administrative divisions，so the court set up specialized agencies or dispatched officials across the administrative divisions according to local conditions.中央高校基本科研业务费项目“北宋京畿地区洪涝治理研究”（20720181073);教育部重点研究基地重大项目“7-16世纪的信息沟通与国家秩序”（17JJD770001