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在实验室条件下，测试了四种重金属对中华哲水蚤和Cu对太平洋纺綞水蚤的毒性效应。以48hLc50数值表达的毒性结果表明动物对Cu最敏感，对中华哲水蚤，其毒牲大小为Cu2+Zn2+>Cr6+>Cd2+,48hLC50分别为171u.gcu/L,828ugZn/L,1216ugCr/L,1500ugCd/L.Cu对太平洋纺綞水蚤的48hLC50是56.2ug/L。次致死浓度下，当海水中的重金属浓度较低时，桡足类表现出摄食活动加强，氨基酸含量提高，排粪块量增多：而浓度进一步步提高时，动物排粪量减少（与对照组动物比较）。这些现象说明了低浓度重金属对动物具激效应，而高浓度时则表现了抑制效应。用...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与环境学院海洋学系_海洋生物学学号：SHAO00016

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF EFFECTS OF COPPER AND CADMIUM ON AMINO ACID CONTENTS IN A COPEPOD CALANUS SINICUS BRODSKY

【中文摘要】 在室内进行了铜、镉对中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus Brodsky)氨基酸含量影响实验。结果表明,当外加重金属浓度较低时(Cu,2—10μg/L;cd,10—150μg/L),动物各种氨基酸含量明显提高,总氨基酸含量比对照组约增加10—31％;重金属浓度提高时,动物氨基酸含量则出现下降趋势,说明较低浓度重金属对动物有刺激效应,此时摄食活动加强,增加了从摄食获得的营养成分;浓度提高则产生抑制效应。因此,氨基酸含量的变化,可作为桡足类对外界重金属污染物作出生理反应的指标之一。文中对某些特殊氨基酸含量的变化及机制也进行了讨论。 【英文摘要】 The effects of copper and cadmium on the amino acid contents in Calanus sinicus were studied under the laboratory condition. Results showed that the various amino acid contents in animals were obviously increased, with the total amino acid increasing by 10-31% when the animals were exposed to the lower betal levels (added Cu2-10μg/L or Cd10-150μg/L), whereas amino acid contents appeared a declining tendency when the animals were incubated in seawater with higher metal levels. These indicated that lower meta..

On the Accumulation and Transfer of Heavy Metal in Some Zooplankters from Xiamen Harbour

【中文摘要】 原于吸收法的测定结果表明,厦门海区几种常见浮游动物的主要重金属含量因种类而异,含Zn量30.40-291.4μg/g.dw含Cu3.620-37.62μg/g.dw,含Cd最低(0.025-1.38μg/g.dw).经一定时间培养的中华哲水蚤的累积Cu量随水体Cu浓度的增大和培养时间的延长而提高,但Cd含量则几乎不变,中华哲水蚤粪块含Cu量的比用作饵料的三角指藻高2.7-29倍,ECd含量略低于藻.桡足类可从粪块中排除相当部分进入体内的重金属,这对海洋环境的金属下移具有重要作用. 【英文摘要】 The heavy metals in zooplankters from Xiamen Harbour were determined by means of AAS. Heavy metal contents varied with different zooplankters, Zn contents (30.40-294.4μg/g ·dw) Were higher than Cu (3.620-37.62), whilst Cd contents were quite low(0.025 -1.38) in animals. Calanus sinicus was exposed to seawater with different Cu levels (2,5,10 ppb), and then Cu and Cd contents in animals were measured. Results showed that Cu increace In animals was Proportional to Cu levels in seawater and the period of xposu..

重金属对桡足类的急性毒性及其对排粪的生理效应

【中文摘要】 在实验室条件下,测试了四种重金属对中华哲水蚤和Cu对太平洋纺锤水蚤的急性毒性。对于中华哲水蚤,其毒性大小依次为Cu2+>Zn2+>Cr6+>Cd2+;48hLC50分别为171ppbCu、828ppbZn、1.216ppmCr、1.5ppmCd。Cu对太平洋纺锤水蚤的48hLC50为56.2ppb。亚致死浓度下,当海水重金属浓度较低时.桡足类表现出摄食活动加强,排粪量增多;当浓度较高时,动物排粪量减少;高浓度时则表现出抑制效应

Influence of Inimicusjaponicasliver extract on mice's immune function

目的研究鬼鲉肝脏提取物对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法采用环磷酰胺诱导建立免疫低下动物模型,免疫器官重量法测定胸腺指数和脾脏指数,碳粒廓清法测定小鼠单核巨噬细胞的功能,绵羊红细胞免疫法测定小鼠体液免疫功能,采用血细胞计数仪检测小鼠外周血常规,采用ElISA方法测定小鼠血清中Tnf-α、Il-1β、Il-2、Il-6的水平,采用流式细胞仪测定脾细胞周期。结果鬼鲉肝脏提取物可以减缓免疫低下小鼠体重的下降趋势以及脾脏和胸腺的损伤、促进其脾细胞的分裂和增殖、增加其单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能和血清溶血素含量以及白细胞数、中性粒细胞数、淋巴细胞数和单核细胞数和血清中Tnf-α、Il-1β、Il-2、Il-6的含量。结论鬼鲉肝脏提取物可以增强免疫低下小鼠的免疫功能。Objective To investigate the influence of Inimicus japonicas liver extract on the immune function of immunosuppressed mice.Methods Immunosuppression animal model was established by cyclophosphamide induction.The immunity organs were weighed to measure the thymus index and spleen index;the clearance of charcoal particles method was used to measure mice's mononuclear macrophages functions,and sheep red blood cells immunizations was used to measure mice's humoral immune functions;mice's blood counts were measured by blood-counter system,and Enzyme-linked Immuno Sorbent Assay(ELISA)was used to measured the TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-2and IL-6level in blood serum;the spleen cell cycle was measured by flow cytometry.Results Inimicus japonicas liver extract significantly improved the thymus index and spleen index,promoted the division and proliferation of spleen cells,improved the mononuclear macrophages functions,increased the hemolysin level of blood serum and the levels of leukocytes,neutrophils,lymphocytes and monocytes,and also increased the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-2and IL-6in blood serum.Conclusion Inimicus japonicas liver extract enhanced immunosuppressed mice's immune function.海洋公益性行业科研专项(201205024-1)资

Resource chemistry evaluation of fatty acids on Sipunculus nudus collected from different habitats

目的对裸体方格星虫样品中脂肪酸类成分进行比较研究。方法采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GCMS)对12个裸体方格星虫样品中的26种脂肪酸进行了含量测; 定,并进一步对各样品中的各成分的含量进行了主成分分析。结果对裸体方格星虫样品的测定结果显示各样品26种脂肪酸类成分总含量范围为198.20; ~578.05mug/g,总含量最高的样品是海南三亚的裸体方格星虫体腔液样品(S12);各产地样品中脂肪酸类成分总含量均呈现体腔液部位高于外壁+; 内脏部位。测定样品的26种脂肪酸中,不饱和脂肪酸总含量高于饱和脂肪酸总含量;多不饱和脂肪酸中,亚油酸和alpha-亚麻酸含量最高,分别占总含量的; 1.54%~5.65%和1.61%~4.94%;单不饱和脂肪酸中顺芥子酸含量最高,分别占各样品总含量的14.66%~46.41%;基于26种脂肪; 酸的含量测定结果对12个裸体方格星虫样品的PCA分析结果显示不同产地裸体方格星虫的外壁+内脏样品相互接近,体腔液样品差别较大。结论裸体方格星虫中; 脂肪酸不仅种类多样、含量丰富,而且具有多种重要活性作用的不饱和脂肪酸比例合理。本研究中对脂肪酸类成分的研究结果将对进一步开发利用裸体方格星虫提供; 一定的理论基础。Objective To compare and evaluate fatty acids in Sipunculus; nudus.Methods 26fatty acids in 12batches of S.nudus samples were; determined by GC-MS,and the data were further handled by a PCA scatter; plot to compare the content variation of the samples.Results The total; contents of 26fatty acids in the samples ranged from 198.20mug/g(S9)to; 578.05mug/g(S12),and the sample from Hainan had the highest total; contents of 26fatty acids.The total contents of 26fatty acids in; coelomic fluid were higher than those in body wall and intestine in; S.nudus collected from all the regions.The total contents of unsaturated; fatty acids were higher than saturated fatty acids.Among the; polyunsaturated fatty acids,the contents of linoleic acid were between; 1.54%and 5.65%and the contents ofalpha-linolenic acid were between; 1.61%and 4.94%.The contents of cis-sinapic acid were the highest in; monounsaturated fatty acids,which ranged from 14.66%to; 46.41%.Moreover,the results of PCA performed on the basis of the; contents of 26tested compounds showed the difference of the parts in; S.nudus samples. Conclusion S.nudus had an excellent source of fatty; acids with reasonable proportion of unsaturated fatty acids. The; research results provided a firm basis for further exploitation and; development of S.nudus.海洋公益性行业科研专

Effects of extracts of Sipunculus nudus Linnaeus on thrombosis

目的通过对家兔体外血浆血小板聚集和凝血功能的影响、对大鼠动-静脉血流旁路血栓形成的影响、对dPPH自由基的清除作用及对纤维蛋白的溶解作用,综合评价星虫提取物对血栓形成的影响。方法以二磷酸腺苷(AdP)诱导血小板聚集,采用比浊法观察星虫提取物对家兔体外血浆血小板6MIn聚集率和最大聚集率的影响;采用凝固法来评价星虫提取物对家兔体外血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血激酶时间(APTT)及凝血酶时间(TT)的影响;采用动静脉旁路模型,来研究星虫提取物对大鼠动静脉旁路血栓形成的影响;采用2,2-二苯基-1-苦肼基(dPPH)自由基清除率法,来评价星虫提取物清除OH自由基的作用;通过纤维蛋白平板实验研究星虫提取物的纤溶活性。结果星虫提取物能明显抑制AdP诱导的家兔体外血小板6MIn聚集率和最大聚集率,能明显延长家兔PT、APTT和TT,明显抑制大鼠动静脉旁路血栓形成,减轻血栓湿重和干重;具有清除OH自由基的作用以及不同程度地溶解纤维蛋白的作用。结论星虫提取物具有很好的抗血栓形成的作用。Objective To evaluate the thrombotic activity of Sipunculus nudus extracts by investigating their effects on rabbit plasma platelet aggregation and coagulation function in vitro,and the effect on the model of artery-vein bypass thrombosis in rats,as well as capacity of eliminating DPPH free radicals and dissolving fibrin.Methods Inhibition rates of platelet aggregation in vitro were determined in the model of platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate.Their anticoagulative effects were also evaluated with prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) and thrombin time(TT).The model of artery-vein bypass thrombosis was established to observe their antithrombotic effect.The antioxidant effects were investigated by DPPH free radical scavenging capability test.The fibrinolytic activity was determined by fibrin plate.Results The results showed that the extracts had significant inhibition effect on platelet aggregation,and could obviously prolong PT,APTT and TT,inhibited the artery-vein bypass,reduced the thrombus weight significantly(wet or dry).And the extracts of S.nudus also could eliminate DPPH free radicals and dissolve fibrin at different degree.Conclusion Extracts of S.nudus had strong antithrombotic effect.海洋公益性行业科研专项(201205024)资