The Effects of Fiscal Expenditure on Private Consumption in China: An Empirical Study

改革开放30多年来，我国经济突飞猛进，GDP以每年10%左右的速度增长，2010年的GDP总值首次超过日本，成为世界上GDP总值排名第二的国家。在经济增长的同时，我国的居民消费水平有了一定的提高，但是居民消费率却远远低于其他国家，同时我国居民消费支出对GDP的贡献率偏低，我国目前的经济增长主要是依靠投资与净出口的拉动。与投资需求和出口需求相比，消费需求是经济增长中最稳定、最基础的需求，消费需求规模的扩大和结构升级才是经济增长的根本动力。一直以来，“保增长、扩内需、调结构、重民生”就是我国经济宏观调控的目标，2011年是我国十二五规划的第一年，提高居民消费率，扩大内需的问题再次成为人们关注的焦点...After 30 years of reforming, the growth of GDP in China is very rapid, with an annual rate of about 10%. And in 2010 the GDP of China has surpassed Japan to become the world's second largest GDP. With the economic growth, the private consumption has come to a higher level, but the rate of private consumption in GDP is lower than other countries. And the contribution rate of private consumption to ...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院财政系_财政学(含税收学)学号：1552008115189

CuInS_2 Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells Fabricated via a Linker-Assisted Adsorption Approach

分别以Cu I和In AC3作为铜源和铟源,十二硫醇(ddT)作为硫源,采用直接加热法合成不同尺寸的Cu In S2(CIS)量子点.运用X射线衍射(Xrd),拉曼光谱(rAMAn),高分辨率透射电镜(HrTEM),紫外-可见(uVVIS)吸收光谱表征其相结构、形貌及光学性能.结果表明:制备的CIS量子点为黄铜矿结构,且随着时间的延长,量子点逐渐长大,吸收光谱的激子吸收峰逐渐红移,表现出量子尺寸效应.采用巯基乙酸为双功能耦联剂辅助吸附法制备CIS敏化的TI O2薄膜.通过衰减全反射红外光谱(ATr-fTIr)分析得出,巯基乙酸上的羧基与TI O2表面羟基连接,另一端上的巯基代替长链的ddT与CIS耦联,将CIS成功锚定在TI O2表面.该方法不仅操作简单,而且容易实现CIS在TI O2表面的吸附.太阳电池光电性能测试表明,粒径大小约为3.6 nM的CIS量子点表现出最优的吸附能力以及光电转换性能.进一步采用连续离子吸附层法对CIS敏化的TI O2薄膜进行Cd S包覆,光电转换性能大大提高,其效率达到2.83%,这主要源于Cd S的包覆钝化了CIS的表面缺陷,有效地降低了电子复合.Colloidal chalcopyrite CuInS2(CIS) quantum dots(QDs) were synthesized using copper(I) iodine(CuI) and indium(III) acetate(In Ac3) as metal cationic precursors, and dodecanethiol(DDT) as the sulfur source and solvent.The microstructure and optical properties of the prepared CIS QDs were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM), and UVVis absorption spectroscopy.The results showed that the CIS consisted of chalcopyrite phase and exhibited Cu-Au ordering.With prolonged reaction time, the grain sizes of the QDs became larger and the absorption edges of the CIS QDs showed a red-shift owing to the size-induced quantum confinement effect.For the first time, DDT-capped CIS QDs with narrow size distribution were connected to the inner surface of mesoporous Ti O2 films via a thioglycolic acid(TGA)-assisted adsorption approach, which was simple and easy to carry out.The adsorption behaviors of both TGA and the CIS QDs on the Ti O2 films were detected by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared(ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy.The results indicated that TGA was adsorbed onto the surface of Ti O2 via COOH groups while the ―SH group was exposed outside, and replaced DDT at the surface of the CIS QDs, leading to the attachment between Ti O2 and CIS.It was revealed that the CIS QDs of ~3.6 nm in size exhibited the best light absorption capacity and photovoltaic performance.An over-coating of Cd S significantly improved the performance of the QDSSCs owing to decreased electron recombination, and a power conversion efficiency of ~2.83% was obtained.supportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(21073193;21273241;21376195); ProjectontheIntegrationofIndustry;EducationandResearchofGuangdongProvince;China(2012B091100476); ScienceandTechnologyResearchProjectofGuangzhou;China(2014J4100218)~

胺基聚醇AP-1和有机硅抑制剂GWJ及其复合剂对水合物生成的影响

利用自制装置，模拟深水钻井中的温度和压力，考察不同含量的胺基聚醇AP-1、有机硅抑制剂GWJ和胺基聚醇AP-1与有机硅抑制剂GWJ的复合剂对钻井液中水合物生成的影响。实验结果表明，当胺基聚醇AP-1含量为0．5％（w）时促进水合物的生成；当胺基聚醇AP-1含量为1．0％（w）或2．0％（w）时则抑制水合物的生成，且随胺基聚醇AP-1含量的增加，其对水合物生成的抑制作用增强；当有机硅抑制剂GWJ含量为2．0％（w）时促进水合物的生成，水合物生成速率随有机硅抑制剂GWJ含量的增加而降低；在初始压力7MPa、初始温度4℃时，当添加胺基聚醇AP-1含量为2．0％（w）和有机硅抑制剂GWJ含量为2．0％（w）的复合剂时，水合物生成的诱导时间为580min，有效抑制了水合物的生成

Effects of Amino Polymeric Alcohol AP-1, Organic Silicon Inhibitor GWJ and Their Complex on the Hydrate Formation

The effects of amino polymeric alcohol AP-1 with different content, organic silicon inhibitor GWJ and their complex agents on the hydrate formation in drilling fluid were studied in a self-made experimental installation. The results showed that 0.5%（w） A

Experimental Study on Methane Hydrate Formation fromWater-based Drilling Fluid

The three phase equilibrium conditions of methane hydrate from water-based drilling fluid were measuredranging from 3oC to 13oC by isochoric pressure-search method. The methane hydrate formation from water-based drillingfluid was carried out under isocho

水基钻井液中天然气水合物形成的研究进展

依据水基钻井液中天然气水合物生成的相关研究,结合理论与实践,介绍了一些钻井液处理剂对水合物生成的影响,重点概述了水基钻井液对天然气水合物生成的抑制效应,并简要说明了水合物抑制剂在钻井液中应用的相关研究

新型碳材料在钙钛矿太阳电池中的应用研究进展

A photoelectric conversion efficiency of 3.8% was achieved based on organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites CH_3NH_3PbBr_3 and CH_3NH_3PbI_3 in 2009, and their efficiencies have leaped to 20.1% in the past five years, which are comparable to Cu（In,Ga） Se_2

Progress of new carbon material research in perovskite solar cells

A photoelectric conversion efficiency of 3.8% was achieved based on organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites CH_3NH_3PbBr_3 and CH_3NH_3PbI_3 in 2009, and their efficiencies have leaped to 20.1% in the past five years, which are comparable to Cu（In,Ga） Se_2