可储存介孔氧化锆-磷酸钙根管充填糊剂的实验研究

目的制备可储存介孔氧化锆-磷酸钙根管充填糊剂(简称糊剂),并对其显影效果、理化性能、可储存性能及生物相容性进行评价。方法制备具有有序六方孔结构的钛稳定介孔氧化锆,并将其(质量分数5%、10%、15%、20%)与自固化磷酸钙骨水泥粉末混合制得介孔氧化锆-磷酸钙根管充填糊剂。通过X射线拍摄评价糊剂的显影效果;通过测试收缩率、薄膜厚度、流动性和溶解性评价糊剂的理化性能;通过测试不同储存时间糊剂的流动性能评价其可储存性;通过细胞毒性实验、口腔致敏动物实验、皮下组织埋植动物实验对糊剂进行生物安全性评价。结果①含有质量分数15%介孔氧化锆-磷酸钙根管充填糊剂显影效果满足临床需要;②所制糊剂的各项理化性能均符合ISO 6876中关于根管充填糊剂理化性能的评价标准;③所制糊剂可在4℃、50%相对湿度环境下长期密封保存;④所制糊剂材料对L-929细胞无毒性,无口腔黏膜刺激反应,不会对皮下组织产生毒害作用。结论可储存介孔氧化锆-磷酸钙根管充填糊剂具有良好的显影性能、理化性能、可储存性能及生物安全性,对根管充填的临床应用具有积极意义

贝类帕金虫间接酶联免疫吸附测定法的建立

采用液体巯基醋酸盐培养基（FTM）培养贝类帕金虫，以其制备抗帕金虫的免疫血清，建立一种快速检测贝类帕金虫的间接酶联免疫吸附测定法（iELISA）。方法中理想的包被抗原数量为104/mL；帕金虫抗血清最佳工作浓度1：10 000；酶标二抗工作浓度为1：1 000；进行血清敏感性测定，其最低检出限为102 /mL；阻断试验中的阻断率达86.77%；板内和板间变异系数分别为2.9%和3.21%。将该方法标准化后，对30份菲律宾蛤仔体内帕金虫进行检测，所得结果与用FTM方法得到的结果进行比较，后者灵敏度要高于前者，但是在检测时间上，前者在24 h内能够完成，而后者需要7 d

四个时期和模拟情景下2025年黄河三角洲的土地利用格局和生态系统服务价值评估

利用黄河三角洲多时相土地利用解译数据,模拟未来3种情景下研究区的土地利用状况,采用效益转移法,评估其生态系统服务价值,研究土地利用格局变化及其对生态系统服务价值的影响。研究结果表明,2000年、2005年、2010年和2015年,黄河三角洲的主要土地利用类型都为耕地,耕地面积占土地利用总面积的42%~43%;4个时期,距离海岸线20 km范围内区域的土地利用方式变化最明显,建设用地、盐田和水产养殖用地高速扩张,滨海湿地急剧萎缩;4个时期,黄河三角洲生态系统服务价值不断减小,从2000年的788.877×10~8元减少至2015年的651.602×10~8元,共减少了137.275×10~8元,减少幅度为17.40%,导致黄河三角洲生态系统服务价值减少的主要原因是建设用地、盐田和水产养殖用地占用了滩涂、河口三角洲、耕地、林地和草地;4个时期,在研究区的陆域范围内,随着与海岸线距离的增加,研究区生态系统服务价值总体上在不断减少;与2015年相比,2025年,经济社会发展和趋势延续情景下的研究区生态服务总价值明显减少,生态保护优先情景下的生态服务总价值明显增加,造成生态系统服务价值变化的主要原因是土地利用方式的变化;3种情景下,2025年,研究区生态系统调节服务的价值相对最大,其次为供给服务的价值,再次是文化服务的价值,而支持服务的价值相对最小

Land Use Pattern and Evaluation of Ecosystem Service Values of Yellow River Delta for 4 Periods and in 2025 under Simulation Scenarios

This study simulated the potential land-use statuses of the study area under multiple scenarios using interpreted data of multi-temporal land use in the Yellow River Delta.Afterward, the value of ecosystem services was evaluated using the benefit transfer method, and then had its impact re-evaluated in consideration with the evolution pattern of land-use variation.According to the findings, cultivated land was the main landuse category in the Yellow River Delta in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, its area accounted for 42% to 43% of total area of the study area.The land-use pattern within a 20 km radius from the coastline varied the most significantly.Specifically, construction land, salt pans, and aquaculture land were expanded at high speed, whereas the proportion of coastal wetlands shrunk drastically.In addition, the Yellow River Delta had seen losses in its overall value of ecosystem services worth up to 137.275*10~8 Yuan between years of 2000 and 2015, presenting a decline of 17.40% and characterized by a marked gradient change from the land to the sea.In other words, the ecosystem value per unit area gradually declined with increasing distance to the coastline, i.e., the closer the distance to the coastline, the more dramatic the change.Should the trend continue, compared with 2015, the total value of ecological services around the study area by 2025 is expected to evidently decrease under the scenarios of economic and social development, but is expected to increase significantly if ecological protection eventually gains priority.Evolution pattern of land use is the primary cause of changes in the value of ecosystem services, especially in the transformation of coastal wetlands.Under the three scenarios in 2025, the value of regulating services in the study area is the highest, followed by provisioning services, and then cultural services, while supporting services is the lowest.Judging from the significance of the findings above, this study will provide a reference for the effective protection and scientific management of wetlands in the Yellow River Delta

The Ecotoxicity Effects of Cadmium on Microorganism in Udic-Ferrosols and Aquic-Cambosols

以土壤微生物生物量碳(Cmic)、土壤酶活性及微生物多样性为微生物学指标,以0.01mol·L-1CaCl2作为Cd有效态提取剂,以江西红壤和天津潮土为供试土壤,在室内25℃连续培养28d的条件下探讨了外源Cd对土壤微生物的生态毒理效应。结果表明:1)不同培养时间潮土CaCl2提取态Cd含量均显著低于红壤,潮土微生物受到Cd的抑制作用也明显小于红壤。2)各微生物指标的敏感性不同,并受土壤类型和培养时间的影响,其中,脱氢酶的敏感性强于脲酶,微生物功能多样性指标中BiologEco板上每孔的平均吸光值(AWCD)的敏感性强于Shannon指数;Cmic、脲酶、脱氢酶、AWCD和Shannon指数均..

原油品质和精炼过程对油莎豆油综合品质的影响Effects of crude oil quality and refining process on comprehensive quality of Cyperus esculentus oil

为给油莎豆油精炼过程的品质控制提供支持，对2个不同品质的油莎豆原油样品进行水化脱胶、碱炼脱酸、吸附脱色和蒸馏脱臭，对精炼过程中油莎豆油质量指标，脂肪酸、甘油酯组成和营养成分含量进行检测，分析原油品质和精炼过程对油莎豆油综合品质的影响。结果表明：虽然2个不同品质的油莎豆原油的酸价（KOH）有明显差异（分别为2.03、12.21 mg/g），但精炼后酸价（KOH）（分别为0.16、0.33 mg/g）和过氧化值（均为0.01 g/100 g）均显著优于LS/T 3259—2018《油莎豆油》中的指标要求；磷脂含量分别从6 874.10、312.29 mg/kg降至88.61、88.28 mg/kg，脱除率分别为98.71%和71.73%；脂肪酸组成及含量没有明显变化，甘油酯组成中甘三酯含量有所增加（分别从98.46%、97.68%升高至98.74%、98.06%），但变化不显著；甾醇总量分别从220.21、253.44 mg/kg 降至175.14、182.33 mg/kg；多酚含量分别从26.38、88.65 mg/kg降至8.45 mg/kg和未检出；维生素E总量分别从225.91、177.33 mg/kg降至180.01、13.09 mg/kg。品质不同的油莎豆原油经精炼后，质量指标都能达到行业要求，但酸价高的油莎豆原油精炼过程中有益伴随物损失较大。 In order to provide support for the quality control of Cyperus esculentus oil refining process, two samples of Cyperus esculentus crude oil with different quality were degummed by hydration, deacidified by alkali refining, bleached by adsorption and deodorized by distillation. The quality index, composition of fatty acid and glyceride, and nutrient content of Cyperus esculentus oil in the refining process were detected, and the influence of crude oil quality and refining process on the comprehensive quality of Cyperus esculentus oil was analyzed. The results showed that although the acid value of two different qualities of Cyperus esculentus crude oil was significantly different (2.03 mgKOH/g and 12.21 mgKOH/g respectively), the acid value (0.16 mgKOH/g and 0.33 mgKOH/g respectively) and peroxide value (both 0.01 g/100 g) after refining were significantly better than those in LS/T 3259-2018 Cyperus esculentus oil. During refining, the phospholipid content decreased from 6 874.10 mg/kg and 312.29 mg/kg to 88.61 mg/kg and 88.28 mg/kg respectively, and the removal rates were 98.71% and 71.73% respectively. The fatty acid composition and content of Cyperus esculentus oil did not change obviously, and the triglyceride content in glyceride composition increased (from 98.46% and 97.68% to 98.74% and 98.06%, respectively), but the change was not significant. Total sterol content decreased from 220.21 mg/kg and 253.44 mg/kg to 175.14 mg/kg and 182.33 mg/kg, respectively. Polyphenol content decreased from 26.38 mg/kg and 88.65 mg/kg to 8.45 mg/kg and not detected, respectively. The vitamin E content decreased from 225.91 mg/kg and 177.33 mg/kg to 180.01 mg/kg and 13.09 mg/kg, respectively. After refining, the quality indexes of Cyperus esculentus oil with different crude oil quality can meet the industry requirements, but the beneficial companion loss of Cyperus esculentus crude oil with high acid value is great during refinin

厦门市大学生HPV疫苗认知及接种意愿调查

目的了解厦门市大学生对HPV疫苗的认知和接种意愿及其影响因素。方法 2017年2—4月,采用分层抽样、自编式问卷面对面调查厦门市6所学校1760名大学生的人口学、性行为、性态度及对HPV疫苗认知和接种意愿等信息。结果 HPV疫苗知晓率为24.2%(426/1760),女性高于男性(26.2%vs.22.1%,P=0.045)。城市、医学专业、初次性行为年龄<18岁的男大学生及城市、本科学校、医学专业、个人月消费≥2000元、吸烟的女大学生对HPV疫苗的知晓率较高。知晓HPV疫苗的大学生中,HPV疫苗愿意接种率为73.0%(311/426),女性高于男性(85.0%vs.58.5%,P<0.001)。城市、发生过性行为的男大学生及性知识水平高的女大学生更愿意接种HPV疫苗。获知HPV疫苗的途径主要是网络、电视或报刊,接种HPV疫苗主要考虑因素为预防效果、不良反应、价格。结论厦门市大学生对HPV疫苗的知晓率较低,但知晓HPV疫苗者的接种意愿较高。应加强对HPV相关知识的教育,以提高人群HPV疫苗知晓率和接种率,从而预防HPV感染及相关疾病。国家自然科学基金(81601805、81673240)福建省科技重大专项(2015YZ0002