Synthesis and Properties of Carbon Nanomaterials（Carbon nanotube arrays and Graphenes）

碳材料在宇宙中广泛存在，其奇异的物性和多种性随人类文明的进步而逐渐被认识和利用。1991年，日本科学家Iijima利用真空电弧蒸发石墨电极，通过高分辨电镜对其产物进行研究，发现了具有纳米尺寸的碳的多层管状物，即多壁碳纳米管（MWNTs）。碳纳米管可以看成是由石墨片层卷曲而成的无缝管。碳纳米管因其尺寸小，机械强度高、比表面积大、电导率高、界面效应强等特点，在平板显示器、一维量子导线、传感器、超级电容器以及储氢材料等方面得到了广泛的应用。定向排布的碳纳米管阵列是碳纳米管的一种取向形态，其生长密度大，取向一致，可充分发挥碳纳米管沿轴向优异的导热和电荷传输性能，使其具有更为广阔的应用前景。石墨烯，是由...Carbon is a basic and important element on earth. Carbon nanostructures in zero, one and two dimensions offer great potential in a broad range of applications. Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by Iijima in 1991, these novel materials have attracted great attention in the area of physics, chemistry and technical industry. A carbon nanotube can be regarded as a seamless tube curled by...学位：理学硕士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_无机化学学号：2052009115135

Influence of Electrolyte Composition on the Intercalation-Deintercalation Process of Lithium Ion in Spinel LiMn_2O_4

运用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究了尖晶石lIMn2O4正极在1MOl·l-1lIPf6-EC(碳酸乙烯酯)∶dEC(碳酸二乙酯)∶dMC(碳酸二甲酯),1MOl·l-1lIPf6-EC∶dEC∶EMC(碳酸甲乙酯)和1MOl·l-1lIPf6-EC∶dMC三种不同电解液中,-20-20℃范围内的阻抗谱特征随温度的变化.研究结果表明,温度强烈影响尖晶石lIMn2O4正极的阻抗谱特征,而电解液组成对尖晶石lIMn2O4正极阻抗谱特征的影响较小,但电解液组成对锂离子在尖晶石lIMn2O4正极中嵌入脱出过程相关动力学参数影响较大.测得尖晶石lIMn2O4正极在上述三种电解液中,锂离子迁移通过固体电解质相界面(SEI)膜的离子跳跃能垒平均值分别为7.60、16.40和18.40kJ·MOl-1;电子电导率的热激活化能平均值分别为44.77、35.47和68.06kJ·MOl-1;嵌入反应活化能平均值分别为52.19、46.19和69.86kJ·MOl-1.Variations in the impedance spectra of the commercially available spinel LiMn2O4 electrode from -20 to 20 ℃ were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) in 1 mol·L-1 LiPF6-EC(ethylene carbonate):DEC(diethyl carbonate):DMC(dimethyl carbonate),1 mol·L-1 LiPF6-EC:DEC:EMC(ethyl methyl carbonate) and 1 mol·L -1 LiPF6-EC :DMC electrolyte solutions.We found that the impedance spectral characteristics of the spinel LiMn2O4 electrode was strongly influenced by temperature and only slightly influenced by the electrolyte composition.However,the electronic resistance and the resistance of the SEI film as well as the charge transfer reaction resistance of the spinel LiMn2O4 electrode were strongly influenced by the electrolyte composition.In 1 mol·L-1 LiPF6-EC:DEC:DMC,1 mol·L-1 LiPF6-EC:DEC:EMC and 1 mol·L-1 LiPF6-EC:DMC electrolyte solutions,the energy barriers for the ion jump relating to the migration of lithium ions through the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI) film of the spinel LiMn2O4 electrode were determined to be 7.60,16.40,and 18.40 kJ·mol-1.The thermal active energies of the electronic conductivities were 44.77,35.47,and 68.06 kJ·mol-1 and the intercalation-deintercalation reaction active energies were 52.19,46.19,and 69.86 kJ·mol-1,respectively.国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)(2009CB220102);中国矿业大学青年科技基金(ON080282);中国矿业大学科技攀登计划(ON090237)资助项目---

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic Studies of the First Lithiation of Si/C Composite Electrode

采用球磨法制备了SI/C复合材料,X射线衍射(Xrd)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试结果显示SI/C复合材料中硅保持着良好的晶体结构且均匀的分散于炭黑基体中.充放电测试结果表明SI/C复合材料首次放电容量高达3393 MAH/g,4周之后可逆容量均保持在1000 MAH/g左右,表现出较好的循环性能.电化学阻抗谱测试结果显示,SI/C复合材料电极在首次嵌锂过程中分别出现了代表接触阻抗、固体电解质相界面界面膜(SEI膜)阻抗、电荷传递阻抗和相变阻抗的圆弧,并详细分析了它们的变化规律.The Si/C composite materials were prepared by ball milling method,and characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The result displayed that Si in the Si/C com-posite materials still maintained a good crystal structure and uniformly dispersed in carbon black matrix.The first discharge capacity was 3393 mAh/g,and 4 cycles later still retained 1000 mAh/g,showing better charge-discharge cycle performance.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test indicated that there ap-peared three semicircles respectively representing the impedance of contact problems,solid electrolyte in-terface film(SEI film),charge transfer and phase transformation in the first lithiation,and their evolutive principles were also investigated.中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(Nos.2010LKHX03;2010QNB04;2010QNB05);中国矿业大学科技攀登计划(No.ON090237);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划(No.CX10B_153Z)资助项

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic Studies of the First Lithiation of Si/C Composite Electrode

The Si/C composite materials were prepared by ball milling method, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The result displayed that Si in the Si/C composite materials still maintained a good crystal structure and uniformly dispersed in carbon black matrix. The first discharge capacity was 3393 mAh/g, and 4 cycles later still retained 1000 mAh/g, showing better charge-discharge cycle performance. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test indicated that there appeare three semicircles respectively representing the impedance of contact problems, solid electrolyte interface film (SEI film), charge transfer and phase transformation in the first lithiation, and their evolutive principles were also investigated

Fabrication of patterned carbon nanotubes with adjustable arrays through controlled mesoscopic dewetting

E-mail Addresses: [email protected], we report the synthesis of aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) bundles with adjustable arrays by a non-lithographic and low-cost strategy. A polystyrene/ferrocene patterns on silicon (Si) substrate was prepared through controlled mesoscopic dewetting of dilute polystyrene/ferrocene solution. A variety of regular patterns, including ladder, stripe and scale, were synthesized simply by changing the solution concentration. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation effectively cross-linked polymer skeleton and made it suitable for structure-directing agent. In the sequent pyrolysis, polystyrene skeleton was decomposed and ferrocene was converted into the skeleton of inorganic patterns simultaneously. Aligned CNT bundles guided by the catalytically functionalized inorganic patterns were initiated to grow. This methodology opens up a new avenue for fabricating CNT arrays in a simple and controllable manner. Crown Copyright (c) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.National Natural Science Foundation of China 50703032 51035002 20974089 Program for New Century Excellent Talents of Ministry of Education of China NCET-08-0475 Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province 2009J0602

第十八届美国理论与应用力学大会总结

1会议概况2018年6月5—9日,第18届美国理论与应用力学大会(18th U.S. National Congress of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, USNCTAM2018)在美国芝加哥召开.本次大会由美国力学国家委员会和中国力学学会联合主办,旨在探讨和交流近四年世界范围内在理论和应用力学领域的基础研究、创新技术的最新进展,吸引了来自世界各地的近千名专家学

High LUMO energy level C60(OCH3)4 derivatives:Electronic acceptors for photovoltaiccellswithhigheropen-circuitvoltage

E-mail Addresses: [email protected] regioselective C-60(OCH3)(4) derivatives, C-60(OCH3)(4)-PCBM (a methanofullerene derivative of C-60(OCH3)(4), PCBM=[6,6]-phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester) and C-60(OCH3)(4)-APCBM (an aziridinofullerene derivative of C-60(OCH3)(4)) were synthesized from C60Cl6 and used as acceptor for polymer solar cells. Revealed by cyclic voltammetry, the LUMO energy levels of C-60(OCH3)4-APCBM and C-60(OCH3)(4)-PCBM are 0.2 and 0.3 eV higher than that of PCBM, respectively. For the polymer photovoltaic cells with fullerene (PCBM, C-60(OCH3)(4)-APCBM or C-60(OCH3)(4)-PCBM) acceptor in combination with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) donor, the open-circuit voltage is increased from 0.58 V (for PCBM) to 0.63 V (for C-60(OCH3)(4)-APCBm) and 0.72 V (for C-60(OCH3)(4)-PCBM). The higher open-circuit voltages are reasonably attributed to the higher LUMO levels of the C-60(OCH3)(4) derivatives because of four electron-donating methoxy groups attached. The photovoltaic performance of C-60(OCH3)(4)-PCBMbased device is higher than that involving C-60(OCH3)(4)-APCBM, largely due to the structural changeability of C-60(OCH3)(4)-APCBM resulting from the rotatable N-C bond bridge therein. This work demonstrates that fullerene derivatives with higher LUMO level can be functionalized from multiaddition of electron-donating groups, and exemplifies that photovoltaic performances of fullerene-based solar cells are sensitive even to trivial bridge between functional group and fullerene core. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved .National Nature Science Foundation of China U1205111 21031004 21021061 J1210014 20923004 National Basic Research 973 Program of China 2011CB93590

Fabrication of multi-level carbon nanotube arrays with adjustable patterns

通讯作者地址: Li, L (通讯作者),Xiamen Univ, Coll Mat, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 地址: 1. Xiamen Univ, Coll Mat, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 2. Xiamen Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Xiamen, Peoples R China 3. Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Next Generat Device Team, Res Ctr Photovolta Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan 电子邮件地址: [email protected] carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays with adjustable patterns were prepared by a combination of the breath figure (BF) process and chemical vapor deposition. Polystyrene-b-poly(acrylic acid)/ferrocene was dissolved in carbon disulfide and cast onto a Si substrate covered with a transmission electron microscope grid in saturated relative humidity. A two-level microporous hybrid film with a block copolymer skeleton formed on the substrate after evaporation of the organic solvent and water. One level of ordered surface features originates from the contour of the hard templates; while the other level originates from the condensation of water droplets (BF arrays). Ultraviolet irradiation effectively cross-linked the polymer matrix and endowed the hybrid film with improved thermal stability. In the subsequent pyrolysis, the incorporated ferrocene in the hybrid film was oxidized and turned the polymer skeleton into the ferrous inorganic micropatterns. Either the cross-linked hybrid film or the ferrous inorganic micropatterns could act as a template to grow the multi-level CNT patterns, e. g. isolated and honeycomb-structured CNT bundle arrays perpendicular to the substrate.National Natural Science Foundation of China 50703032 51035002 20974089 Ministry of Education of China NCET-08-0475 Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province 2009J0602

From Graphene Sheets to Boron Nitride Nanotubes via a Carbon-Thermal Substitution Reaction

通讯作者地址: Xie,SY(通讯作者),Xiamen Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, 422 Si Ming Rd, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R ChinaNSFC,21031004,21021061,973 Projects 2007CB815301 2011CB93590

Facile synthesis of a interleaved expanded graphite-embedded sulphur nanocomposite as cathode of Li-S batteries with excellent lithium storage performance

通讯作者地址: Huang, L (通讯作者),Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 地址: 1. Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 2. Xiamen Univ, Sch Energy Res, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China 3. Univ Wollongong, Inst Superconducting & Elect Mat, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia 电子邮件地址: [email protected]; [email protected] paper reports the facile synthesis of a unique interleaved expanded graphite-embedded sulphur nanocomposite (S-EG) by melt-diffusion strategy. The SEM images of the S-EG materials indicate the nanocomposites consist of nanosheets with a layer-by-layer structure. Electrochemical tests reveal that the nanocomposite with a sulphur content of 60% (0.6S-EG) can deliver the highest discharge capacity of 1210.4 mAh g(-1) at a charge-discharge rate of 280 mA g(-1) in the first cycle, the discharge capacity of the 0.6S-EG remains as high as 957.9 mAh g(-1) after 50 cycles of charge-discharge. Furthermore, at a much higher charge-discharge rate of 28 A g(-1), the 0.6S-EG cathode can still deliver a high reversible capacity of 337.5 mAh g(-1). The high sulphur utilization, excellent rate capability and reduced over-discharge phenomenon of the 0.6S-EG material are exclusively attributed to the particular microstructure and composition of the cathode.NSFC 2093110426 21003102 21021002 20833005 973 program 209CB22010