Investment and Financing Analysis for Chinese Power Grids

长期以来，中国电力行业由于受到缺电的困扰形成“重发轻送”，电网投资比例严重偏低，电力投资结构不合理。未来很长一段时间内，我国的城市化和工业化进程将推动电力需求的进一步增长，也必然会对电力尤其是电网投资提出更高的要求。电网企业作为电网投资的主体，在新的电网投资需求下，自身的业绩是否可以支撑电网发展关系到电网安全。作为资金密集型行业，除了政府投入外，电网发展需要积聚社会资金以扩大投入。充足合理的电网投资和融资，是保证电网坚强及电网与电源协调发展的必要条件。 本文利用国际能源署（IEA）的电力投资预测模型，对2008～2020年我国电力投资需求进行了预测，同时分析了积极能源政策对电网投资的要求。结...For a long time, more emphasis has been laid on power generation than transmission in China's power industry because of the power shortage problem. The ratio of investment in power grids is seriously low and the electricity investment structure is unreasonable. In a long period in the future, China's urbanization and industrialization process will promote the further growth of electricity demand, ...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院金融系_金融学(含保险学)学号：1562006115100

A Corpus-based Study of English Idioms in Different Registers

摘要 习语是由单词组成的一个语言单位，它通常是比单词大的固定短语，有着不同于各个词汇字面意义的特殊含义。习语因其形象生动而广泛存在于语言中，并起着重要的作用，习语在语言中的重要性使之成为在语言学和语言教学研究中不可缺少的一部分。本文从语言学和语料库语言学角度出发，探讨了英语习语的定义、分类、特征和来源等有关习语各方面的因素，然后从语体学、认知语言学、词汇学等不同角度分析了习语的相关理论，基于以上理论，本文采用语料库来分析，通过比较研究，我们得出结论：习语在不同语域中的使用频率不同，文学语言中使用频率最高，口语次之，而在书面语最少。这种现象主要是由于作家为了使其作品突出文学效果，他们倾向于...Synopsis Idiom is a unit of a language constituted by words. It is usually bigger than words in size and has a special different meaning from the meanings of the separate words. Idioms exist in a great number and play an important role because they are vivid and colorful. The importance of idioms in a language makes it a necessary part both in the research of the language and in the teaching o...学位：文学硕士院系专业：外文学院英语语言文学系_英语语言文学学号：X200511001

中国科学院力学研究所流固耦合系统力学重点实验室;

通过理论分析和数值模拟对气泡群的溃灭特性进行分析。首先通过量纲分析给出了气泡群渍灭过程的主控参数,包括气泡数、体积分数、无量纲压力等。进而基于NS方程和VOF方法建立了气泡群溃灭的数值模拟方法,对规则分布气泡群的溃灭过程进行数值模拟,分析了气泡体积分数、气泡数密度和驱动压力对气泡群溃灭过程的影响规律。在此基础上,建立了气泡群溃灭速度与主控参数的关系式

Effect of double abutment absorption of alveolar bone in rigid fixed bridge on the stress distribution of abutments

目的:探讨固定桥双基牙侧牙槽骨有不同程度水平吸收时,基牙牙周膜的等效应力值和分布的变化,以指导临床固定桥的合理设计。方法:采用螺旋CT扫描技术与MIMICS、AnSyS软件相结合建立双基牙侧牙槽骨有不同程度水平吸收后的三基牙双端固定桥的三维有限元模型,施加垂直和斜向45°载荷,分析双基牙侧牙周膜的应力分布状况。结果:1斜向载荷下各模型应力值均大于垂直向载荷时的应力,应力集中现象也较垂直向载荷时明显;2在垂直或倾斜载荷下,有牙槽骨吸收的第二前磨牙侧增加牙周组织健康的第一前磨牙时,应力均变大以分担牙合力;若增加的第一前磨牙有不同程度的牙槽骨吸收,垂直载荷时应力值变化不大,斜向载荷时应力值减小,但应力集中现象较无吸收时明显。结论:增加牙槽骨有不同程度吸收的基牙不能有效地发挥分散牙合力的作用,不适合做固定桥基牙。加载方向是影响应力分布的重要因素,应注意防止产生过大的侧向力。AIM: To investigate the stress distribution of abutment tooth periodontal ligament when there are different levels of alveolar bone resorption at the abutment teeth with rigid fixed bridge design.METHODS: A three dimensional finite element model with different levels of alveolar horizontal absorption at the abutment teeth was established by CT scanning using Mimics 8.1 and Ansys 11.0.Vertical and oblique loading was added to test stress the distribution at the abutment teeth.RESULTS: When the periodontally healthy first premolar was added as additional abutment tooth,vertical loading and oblique loading could result in more evenly distributed stress.However,when alveolar bone resorption existed in first premolar,little stress distribution change was observed at vertical loading.But oblique loading led to more concentrated stress.CONCLUSION: Adding an abutment tooth with alveolar bone resorption can not improve stress distribution,hence it is not suitable for rigid fixed bridge.The direction of loading seems to play a significant role in determining stress distribution.The oblique force on the bridge should be avoided or reduced as possible.厦门市科技局资助课题(3502Z20094013

半胱氨酸基硫醇配体分子侧链结构对其Ag(I)配位聚合物的影响

设计合成了硫醇类配体N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酰基苯胺（L-1）、N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酰基苯酚酯（L-2）和N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酰基乙酯（L-3）。采用紫外-可见光谱、荧光光谱、圆二色（CD）光谱、动态光散射（DLS）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等方法研究了乙醇中L-1～L-3与Ag+配位后的光谱性质和形貌特征。结果表明，L-1和L-3与Ag+形成了配位聚合物，观察到与Ag（I）-Ag（I）相互作用相关的吸收和荧光光谱信号，但这两个体系的光谱并不相同；而L-2则与Ag+形成了配位寡聚物，对应的吸收和荧光光谱信号均较弱、峰波长较短。Ag（I）-L-1和Ag（I）-L-3配位聚合物体系中还观察到对应的吸收的CD信号，意味着手性氨基酸残基的分子手性已传递至超分子聚合物Ag（I）-Ag（I）相互作用相关的生色团上，这归因于配体侧链间的相互作用；而Ag（I）-L-2配位聚合物体系则无CD信号。据此推测，Ag（I）-L-1和Ag（I）-L-3配位聚合物中配体侧链间的作用可能是氢键作用，且二者的作用模式并不相同。国家自然科学基金(21820102006, 91856118, 21435003, 21521004

有限水域内球形气泡振动特性及影响参数研究

该文基于不可压NS方程,推导了有限水域条件下气泡的无量纲动力学方程,得到了与惯性力、黏性力、表面张力和不可凝结气体相关的四个无量纲数,通过数值求解的方法给出了无量纲参数对气泡振动的影响规律及其起作用的参数空间。最后,在小厚度小振幅条件下讨论了气泡振动的特性及适用范围,在此基础上给出了自由面附近气泡溃灭时间的理论预测公式

通气云状空泡旋涡运动特征研究

针对典型回转航行体云状通气空泡非定常演化现象,基于VOF和大涡模拟方法开展研究,典型数值工况的空泡形态演化与实验结果吻合良好。通气与回射流相互作用能够在空泡末端诱导形成强烈旋涡,旋涡发展能够导致空泡的三维不规则断裂现象。通气空泡脱落尺度及诱导的压力脉动幅值均明显小于自然空泡形态,能够显著改善空泡稳定性。进

Construction of a three-dimensional finite element model of the absorbed alveolar bone of fixed partial denture abutments

目的:通过建立左侧下颌后牙5单位固定桥双基牙侧牙槽骨吸收的有限元模型,为分析双基牙侧牙槽骨吸收对牙周膜应力的影响打下基础。方法:采用多层螺旋CT扫描技术与MIMICS、AnSyS软件相结合对88张层厚为0.6MM的CT断层影像进行三维重建,在此基础上建立双基牙侧牙槽骨吸收模型。结果:建立了5单位固定桥有限元模型及双基牙侧牙槽骨吸收的有限元模型,包括牙齿、牙周膜、牙槽骨。结论:所建模型结构完整,单元划分精细,能够较精确地模拟牙槽骨吸收的实体状态,为加载后的基牙牙周膜应力分析提供基础。ADM:To construct three-dimensional finite element models(FEMs) of five-unit fixed partial denture of left mandible so as to analyze the effects of double abutments alveolar bone resorption on periodontal ligament stress.METHODS:Eighty-eight CT slice pictures(0.6mm in thickness) were treated with multislice helical computed tomography scanning technology,Mimics and Ansys Software to build the FEMs.Then the alveolar bone of double abutments inordinately absorbed models on the basis of the FEMs was built.RESULTS:A three-dimensional FEMs of five - unit fixed partial denture and alveolar bone resorption of double abutments model were constructed,including teeth,periodontal ligaments and alveolar bone.CONCLUSION:The constructed models had the advantages of intact structure,precise elements and can simulate the natural situation of alveolar bone resorbtion and can provide basis for further research of periodontal ligament stress induced by loading.厦门市科技局基金资助项目(3502Z20094013

螺旋桨非定常空化流场大涡模拟的模型参数影响研究

螺旋桨在非均匀尾流中旋转运动时可能会产生的非定常空泡演化及导致压力脉动一直是水动力学领域中的前沿和难点。本研究利用OpenFOAM开源软件,基于Narvier-Stokes方程,采用大涡模拟方法,结合VOF(Volume of Fluid)多相流模型和Kunz空化模型,对非均匀尾流中螺旋桨空化现象进行了数值模拟。进一步开展了不同蒸发率和凝结率系数的模拟,对比了不同工况下空泡体积与空间测点压力脉动特征,分析了经验参数的影响规律,获得了参数影响的敏感区间

The Realization of 3D Routing Based on A~* Algorithm in MID Design

三维模塑互连器件(MOldEd InTErCOnnECT dEVICE,MId)是一种将电路直接集成在三维基体材料上的创新工艺.在MId数字化设计中实现电路的三维布线是一项很重要的工作,但现有的ECAd(ElECTrICAl COMPuTEr-AIdEd dESIgn)和MCAd(MECHAnICAl COMPuTEr-AIdEd dESIgn)系统没有提供三维布线功能.本文研究了目前存在的三维布线算法,根据现有算法的优缺点设计出一种基于A*算法的无网格自动布线算法.该算法在布线方向上具有较大的灵活性,且具有较好的布线成功率.另外,为了提高布线的实用性,又开发了交互式布线的功能.设计者可直接通过交互式布线完成MId产品的布线设计,或者是在自动布线结果的基础上交互修改进一步优化布线效果.通过示例验证了三维布线功能及算法的可靠性和实用性,提高了MId数字化设计的效率.Three-dimensional(3D)molded interconnect device(MID)is an innovative process which integrates the circuit directly into a 3D material.Implementing auto-routing is a very important job in MID digital design,but existing CAD system does not provide these functions.First,this paper studies current 3Dauto-routing algorithm.Then a grid-less 3Dauto-routing algorithm,based on A*algorithm,is developed according to the merits and demerits of current algorithms.The algorithm developed in this study exhibits high reliability,practicability and flexibility.In addition,the interactive routing function is also developed in this study to improve the efficiency of designing MID products.Designers can directly finish the entire design process of MID products or modify the routes which have been created through auto-routing function using the interactive routing function.Finally,examples were used to validate the reliability and availability of the 3Drouting algorithm.国家自然科学基金(50975241