FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOR of 0Cr18Ni9 STAINLESS STEEL AT HIGH TEMPERATURES

研究奥氏体不锈钢0Cr18nI9在高温(550℃)下的疲劳裂纹扩展规律。测试采用标准CT(COMPACT TEnSIOn)试样,最大载荷范围为6.5 kn~14 kn,应力比为0.1(室温)和0.05(550℃)。裂纹扩展过程通过QuESTAr长焦距显微镜直接观测,同时采用COd(CrACk OPEnIng dISPlACEMEnT)规记录加载线位移。由于在高温条件下,测试终止时试样的裂纹前缘呈明显弧形,故此给出实测表面处裂纹长度有效值的修正方法。对高温疲劳裂纹扩展问题,采用应力强度因子范围Δk作为裂纹扩展驱动力参数,同时考虑高Δk和低Δk值对裂纹扩展规律的影响,得到0Cr18nI9不锈钢在550℃下的疲劳裂纹扩展规律表征模型,给出裂纹扩展率的上限结果。For austenitic stainless steel 0Cr18Ni9,fatigue crack grow law are studied at 550 ℃.The crack growth tests adopt the standard compact tension(CT) specimens.The applied maximum loads are from 6.5 kN to 14 kN and the stress ratios are 0.1(at room temperature) and 0.05(at 550 ℃).The crack growth length is directly measured by QUESTAR long focus microscope system and the load-line displacement is simultaneously recorded by using crack opening displacement(COD) gauge.Because of the good ductility of 0Cr18Ni9 at high temperatures,the crack front curves on fracture surface of the specimens are complex.In order to get an effective crack size,a modified method for crack length inspected on the surface is proposed.The stress intensity factor range ΔK is used as the driving force parameter of fatigue crack growth.Considering the high ΔK and the low ΔK effects on the fatigue crack growth law,the fatigue crack growth law is obtained for stainless steel 0Cr18Ni9 at room and high temperatures and the upper bound to the crack growth rate is given.国家自然科学基金(50605039);福建省新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目---

Portable automatic depth-setting water quality sampler

本实用新型属于环境监测领域，具体地说是一种便携式自动定深水质采样器，采水箱上端设有与内腔连通的进、排气口，下端设有与内腔连通的进、排水口，阀芯连动杆由进、排气口及进、排水口穿过采水箱，阀芯连动杆的顶端连接有牵引线，末端与配重块相连，配重块上连接有牵引绳，牵引线上设有可移动定位浮子；阀芯连动杆与进、排气口之间设有进、排气阀门，阀芯连动杆与进、排水口之间设有进、排水阀门；采水箱在预设水深自动开启进、排气阀门和进、排水阀门，通过拉动牵引绳实现进、排气阀门及进、排水阀门的关闭。本实用新型可自动准确定位预设水体深度并采集水样，有效防止采样器在投放、收取时混入不同深度的水样；还具有自动性强，投放使用方便特点

The utility model relates to a concealed DGT passive sampler throwing device

本实用新型涉及被动采样器投放装置，具体地说是一种用于搭载圆盘DGT和探针DGT的隐蔽式DGT被动采样器投放装置，包括浮箱、搭载架、流向标、可调式绳索、锚块及投放标记绳，搭载架的一端与浮箱固接，另一端设有流向标，搭载架上分别安装有圆盘DGT及探针DGT；锚块通过可调式绳索连接于浮箱上，锚块上系有投放标记绳。使用时，把DGT被动采样器和温度计固定在搭载架上，投掷锚块连同整个装置到预定水域；采样结束后拉动投放标记绳即可快速收回。本实用新型不受环境水深限制，使DGT被动采样器持续稳定悬浮于预设水深且始终与水流方向平行，实现精准原位采样；安全系数高，且对水环境干扰小；整个系统隐蔽性强，大大提高了被动采样器的回收率

Morphology and ultrastructure of compound eye in horseshoe crab,Tachypleus tridentatus

应用光镜及电镜技术研究中国鲎(Tachypleus tridentatus(Leach))复眼的形态和超微结构。结果表明,中国鲎复眼表面覆盖角膜层,外形呈半球形,由800~1 200个小眼组成,组成复眼的小眼面均为椭圆形。每个小眼包括透光和感光两部分。透光部分由透光锥体和透光孔径组成;感光部分包括小网膜细胞及色素细胞。小网膜细胞分R-区和A-区,R-区是有感杆束分布的区域,A-区是没有感杆束分布的区域,但A-区的表面覆盖着色素细胞,色素颗粒主要分布于A-区和R-区的交界处。8个小网膜细胞排列成的桔瓣状结构组成1个小眼的感光部分。[中国水产科学,2006,13(4):517-524]The morphology and fine structure of the compound eye in horseshoe crab,Tachypleus tridentatus was investigated by using light and electron microscopy.The results indicated that the compound eye of Tachypleus tridentatus consists of 800-1?200 ommatidia;the facet of the compound eye is oval.An ommatidium is composed of transparency area and photonasty area;the transparency area is made up of cuticular cone and aperture,but photonasty area includes retinular cells and a lot of pigment cells.Retinular cell divides into rhabdomeral-segment and arhabdomeral-segment.Rhabdom distributs in rhabdomeral-segment but not in arhabdomeral-segment,moreover pigment cells are covered with arhabdomeral-segment and the majority pigment cells distribute in the join point of rhabdomeral-segment and arhabdomeral-segment.Eight wedge-shaped retinula cells rank radially about the optical axis of the ommatidium like the segment of an orange,which are the morphological and functional units of a compound eye.[Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2006,13(4):517-524]国家自然科学基金项目(30572077);; 2005年厦门市海洋与渔业局基金项目(k53008

Mechanism and Characterization of Electron Transport Through Metal/Molecule/Metal Junctions

金属/分子/金属结是分子电子学中的基本单元.根据电子的相位是否发生改变,分子结中的电子输运可以分为相干输运和非相干输运两类.在实验上,分子结的表征方法可以分为电学性质表征和非电学性质表征两类.本文借助能级图,首先对分子结的电子输运机理作了简明解释.在此基础上,结合文献报道和本课题组此前的工作,对分子结的一些常用电学表征方法,包括电流-电压特性曲线、电流-时间曲线、电导统计柱状图、转变电压谱、散粒噪声测试、非弹性电子隧道谱和热电效应法进行了介绍.Although molecular electronics emerged several decades ago,it is still concerning about fundamental issues so far.Metal/molecule/metal junction is a conceptually basic unit in molecular electronics.The mechanism of electron transport through metal/molecule/metal junction has attracted great interest.In general,the mechanisms for electron transport through metal/molecule/metal junctions can be divided into two categories: coherent transport and non-coherent transport according to the phase change of tunneling electrons.In this review,the electron transport mechanism is illustrated briefly by employing energy diagrams.Moreover,several extensively measured approaches for studying metal/molecule/metal junctions,including I-V characteristic curve,I-t trace and conductance histogram,transition voltage spectroscopy,shot noise,inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy,and thermoelectricity are introduced through referring to some recent publications including our works.科技部-国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项项目(批准号:2011YQ030124); 国家自然科学基金(批准号:21321062;21373172)资助~

THE INTERACTION OF THE INTRACELLULAR DOMAIN OF β-AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN WITH JKTBP2

β-淀粉样前体蛋白APP(β-amyloidprecursorprotein)与阿尔茨海默氏症密切相关,它经分泌酶γ切割后生成的胞内端AID(APPintracellulardomain)能够诱导细胞凋亡。为了研究AID在阿尔茨海默氏症病理过程中的作用,我们以AID为诱饵蛋白用酵母双杂交系统筛选与之有相互作用的蛋白。我们发现人不均一核蛋白D类似蛋白JKTBP2的90-204位肽段可以结合AID。利用293T细胞表达蛋白后进行免疫共沉淀,结果证实二者间存在相互作用。这些结果指出JKTBP2可能在阿尔茨海默氏症形成中有重要作用。APP (β-amyloid precursor protein) plays an important role in the formation of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and its proteolytic product, the intracellular domain AID is believed to be involved in this process by promoting cell apoptosis. To further understand the function of AID in the pathology of AD, we utilized AID as a bait to identify AID interacting proteins in a yeast two-hybrid system. One of the positive clones encodes the fragment corresponding to amino acids 90-204 of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D-like JKTBP2. The interaction between JKTBP2~(90-204) and AID was further confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation in the mammalian 293T cells. These results indicate that JKTBP2 may have an important function in AD formation.国家自然科学基金（30270681）;; 国家杰出青年科学基金（30125021

A Study of AID and Interacting Protein by Yeast Two-hybrid

AID(APPintracellulardomain)是由淀粉样前体蛋白APP经γ分泌酶切割产生的胞内端,它可能参与细胞凋亡,基因转录等活动,并对阿尔茨海默氏症的形成有一定影响.为进一步研究AID的功能,在本实验中,我们用AID为诱饵蛋白,运用酵母双杂交系统筛选与其结合的蛋白,得到其中两个阳性克隆,一个为RPS21,另一个为FLJ20551.接着又在酵母体系用β半乳糖苷酶报告基因验证了它们的相互作用,并在哺乳动物细胞中用免疫共沉淀的方法再次验证了它们相互作用的特异性.这些结果表明RPS21和FLJ20551可能通过与AID相互作用而影响阿尔茨海默氏症的形成.Amyloid precursor protein (APP),a key protein in pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD),is a type Ⅰ transmembrane protein which can be cleaved by β- and γ-secretase to release the amyloidogenic β-amyloid peptides and the APP intracellular domain (AID).While Aβ has been widely believed to initiate pathogenic cascades culminating AD,the physiological functions of AID remain elusive.To study the function of AID,we attempted to identify its interacting proteins by Yeast Two-Hybrid screening using AID as the bait.Among many positive clones identified,two candidates are particularly of interest:one encodes ribosomal protein S21 (RPS21),and the other encodes a fragment of a novel protein FLJ20551.The interaction specificity with AID of both the fragment and the full-length of the preys was confirmed by using the β-galatosidase reporter.Furthermore,we demonstrated,in mammalian 293T cells,the successful expression of the clone encoding RPS21 and verified the interaction between RPS21 and AID by co-immunoprecipitation approach.Our study identified two new AID binding proteins,RPS21 and FLJ20551,and may assign novel roles for the two proteins in mediating APP/AID functions in physiological and pathological processes including AD pathogenesis.国家自然科学基金(30270681, 30125021 );; 教育部“高校博士点基金”( 20030003087 );; 教育部回国人员科研启动基金资

Study on Adaptability to Different Environment for Juvenile of Horseshoe Crab,Tachypleus tridentatus with Artificial Incubation

中国鲎由于具有很高的经济和药用价值,遭受大规模滥捕乱杀,鲎数量急剧锐减,目前我国鲎资源已面临枯竭的危险.人工育苗及海区放流是一种保护和恢复鲎资源种群有效可行的措施.我们从2004年7月至9月,在厦门水产技术推广站进行鲎人工授精,并以人工授精培育的鲎幼体为材料,模拟海区生态环境,自2004年10月14日至2005年3月15日进行鲎幼体钻沙、钻泥实验,并比较幼鲎在不同生态环境生长发育情况,共计152 d.结果表明,幼鲎具有钻入沙或泥的生活习性,且幼鲎在含沙或泥的海水比在普通海水中生长发育的情况更好.本实验结果为鲎苗海区人工增殖放流提供了实验依据.Horseshoe crabs have important economic and biomedical values.The amount of horseshoe crabs has declined rapidly due to uncontrolled exploitation and horseshoe crab resource will be exhausted in China.Artificial incubation and releasing is a useful method for protecting and restoring the horseshoe crab population.The juveniles were obtained through artificial fertilization in Xiamen Fishery Technical Extension Station from July to Sep 2004.The experiments of boring sand and mud were carried out under the simulated environment of sea area from Oct 14th,2004 to Sep 15th,2005.The development statuses of juveniles under different environment were compared.The results suggest that juveniles are used to bore into sand or mud and juveniles living in sea water with sand or mud will grow better and faster than in normal sea water.This will be provided a basis for the artificial propagation and artificial releasing of horseshoe crab′s juvenile.国家自然科学基金项目(30572077);; 厦门市海洋与渔业局基金项目(k53008)资