17 research outputs found
Virtualna stvarnost u rehabilitaciji i lijeÄenju
This paper describes virtual reality and some of its potential applications in rehabilitation and therapy. Some aspects of this technology are discussed with respect to different problem areas (sensorimotor impairments, autism, learning difficulties), as well as previous research which investigated changes within some motor and motivation parameters in relation to rehabilitation of children with motor impairments. Emphasis is on the positive effects of virtual reality as a method in which rehabilitation and therapy can be offered and evaluated within a functional, purposeful and motivating context.U radu se prikazuje opis virtualne stvarnosti i neke moguÄnosti njezine primjene u rehabilitaciji i terapiji. Navedeni su neki vidovi primjene ove tehnologije u razliÄitim problemskim podruÄjima (senzomotoriÄki poremeÄaji, autizam, teÅ”koÄe u uÄenju), kao i neka znanstvena istraživanja u kojima su se ispitivale promjene nekih parametara motorike i motivacije vezane uz rehabilitaciju djece s motoriÄkim poremeÄajima. NaglaÅ”eni su pozitivni uÄinci virtualne stvarnosti kao metode u kojoj se rehabilitacijski i terapijski postupci mogu provoditi i ocjenjivati unutar funkcionalnog, planiranog i motivirajuÄeg konteksta
The application of therapeutic ultrasound on the vertebral circulation in the cervical region in patients who presented with neck pain
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi uÄinkovitost terapijskog ultrazvuka na vertebralnu cirkulaciju u bolesnika s vratoboljom. Terapijski ultrazvuk Äe u kliniÄkoj ocjeni dovesti do smanjenja bolova u vratu, a može promijeniti i ekstrakranijsku hemodinamiku u vertebralnim arterijama, Å”to može biti jedan od mehanizama smanjenja bolova i miÅ”iÄnog spazma.
Mehanizam smanjenja bolova poboljÅ”anjem protoka temelji se na poznatoj Äinjenici da bolje otplavljivanje ostatnih produkata metabolizma dovodi do manjeg podražaja nociceptora.
Ispitivanje je provedeno na 100 bolesnika s vratoboljom (prosjeÄna dob 55 godina), 69 žena i 31 muÅ”karac. Ispitanici su bili podijeljeni u ispitivanu i kontrolnu skupinu. Ispitivana skupina dobivala je terapijski ultrazvuk mobilnom tehnikom paravertebralno cervikalno (1 MHz, 0,5 W/cm2, 5 min.). Kontrolna skupina tijekom primjene terapijskog ultrazvuka imala je aparat iskljuÄen. Trajanje intervencije
iznosilo je 15 tretmana (3 tjedna). Obje skupine ispitanika provodile su medicinsku gimnastiku i dobivale su transkutanu elektriÄnu nervnu stimulaciju paravertebralno
cervikalno.
Rezultati su pokazali da ne postoji statistiÄki znaÄajna razlika izmeÄu ispitivane i kontrolne skupine u brzini protoka u vertebralnim arterijama kako nakon 15 tretmana tako i nakon mjesec dana od provedene fizikalne terapije. Brzina protoka u vertebralnim arterijama bila je najniža prije tretmana u obje skupine ispitanika.The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of therapeutic ultrasound on vertebral circulation in patients with neck pain. Therapeutic ultrasound in clinical assessment will lead to reduction in pain in the neck, and can change hemodynamics in the extracranial vertebral arteries, which can be one of the mechanisms to reduce pain and muscle spasms. The mechanism of pain reduction by improving the blood flow is based on a known fact that the better elimination residual Products of metabolism leads to decreased stimulation of nociceptors.
The study included 100 patients with neck pain (69 women and 31 men; mean age 55 years). Subjects were divided into test and control group. The test group received therapeutic ultrasound applied by mobile technology (1 MHz, 0.5 W/cm2, 5 min.) at the paravertebral cervical region. In control group, during the application of therapeutic ultrasound, device was turned off. Intervention was conducted 15 times within 3 weeks. Both groups of patients underwent a medical gymnastics program and received transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation of paravertebra cervical region.
The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the test and control groups in the rate of the blood flow in the vertebral arteries after 15 treatments, neither after a month of performed physical therapy. The lowest flow rates in the vertebral arteries, within both groups, were registered before treatment. It has been established that variation in blood flow in vertebral arteries does not diminish neck pain
A Coincidence of HLA-B27 Negative Spondyloarthritis and Paravertebral Non-Hodgkinās Lymphoma ā A Lesson to be Learned from the Past Experience
We reported a case of a 71-year-old woman with progressive low back pain and neurologic symptoms of lower extremities,
who in the background had the coexistence of spondyloarthritis (SpA) and non Hodgkinās lymphoma of the
paravertebral location. This example describes a situation where SpA with minimal sacroiliac joints affection has nevertheless
led to the overt axial SpA. This situation included undifferentiated or reactive SpA, as well as unusual disease
context, presented with late-life disease onset, older age, female gender and no obvious hereditary predisposition. This
combination of comorbid factors could allow environmental and disease-specifi c factors to accumulate over time and to,
by modifying the primary, low-penetrant genetic background, lead to the development of lymphoma. By achieving better
understanding of disease pathophysiology dynamic, we will be able to improve our capabilities to navigate biologic
therapy in the future, in order to prevent the development of both, overt SpA and lymphoproliferative disease
Utjecaj gubitka sna na mozak
Each sleep phase is characterized by specific chemical, cellular and anatomic events of vital importance for normal neural functioning. Different forms of sleep deprivation may lead to a decline of cognitive functions in individuals. Studies in this field make a distinction between total sleep deprivation, chronic sleep restriction, and the situation of sleep disruption. Investigations covering the acute effects of sleep deprivation on the brain show that the discovered behavioral deficits in most cases regenerate after two nights of complete sleep. However, some studies done on mice emphasize the possible chronic effects of long-term sleep deprivation or chronic restriction on the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimerās disease and dementia. In order to better understand the acute and chronic effects of sleep loss, the mechanisms of neural adaptation in the situations of insufficient sleep need to be further investigated. Future integrative research on the impact of sleep deprivation on
neural functioning measured through the macro level of cognitive functions and the micro molecular and cell level could contribute to more accurate conclusions about the basic cellular mechanisms responsible for the detected behavioral deficits occurring due to sleep deprivation.Svaku fazu sna opisuju odreÄeni kemijski, staniÄni i anatomski procesi koji su iznimno važni za održavanje fizioloÅ”ke neuralne funkcije. RazliÄiti oblici gubitka sna mogu kod Äovjeka uzrokovati pad kognitivnih funkcija. Istraživanja u ovom znanstvenom podruÄju razlikuju situaciju potpunog gubitka sna, kroniÄne restrikcije (ograniÄavanja) sna te stanje isprekidanog sna. ProuÄavanje akutnih uÄinaka neispavanosti na moždanu funkciju ukazuje na Äinjenicu da se otkriveni deficiti kognitivnih funkcija u veÄini sluÄajeva regeneriraju nakon dvije noÄi potpunog sna. Ipak, studije na miÅ”evima naglaÅ”avaju moguÄnost utjecaja dugotrajne neispavanosti na nastanak nekih neurodegenerativnih bolesti kao Å”to su Alzheimerova bolest i demencija. Kako bismo bolje razumjeli akutne i kroniÄne uÄinke gubitka sna potrebno je dodatno istražiti mehanizme
neuroloÅ”ke adaptacije na situacije neispavanosti. BuduÄa bi istraživanja o utjecaju gubitka sna na neuroloÅ”ke funkcije trebala
pratiti makro razinu fenomena mjerenjem kognitivnih funkcija, ali i mikro razinu kroz molekularne i staniÄne procese. Takav bi pristup mogao doprinijeti toÄnijim zakljuÄcima o osnovnim staniÄnim mehanizmima odgovornima za otkriveni kognitivni
deficit uslijed nedostatka sna
NajÄeÅ”Äa odstupanja u razvoju motorike Å”ake od roÄenja do prve godine života
The early child development, from birth until the age of one year is, amongst other changes, characterized by intense motor learning. During that period, the voluntary learning patterns evolve from reflexive patterns to coordinated voluntary patterns. All of the childās voluntary movements present active forms in which the child communicates with the environment. In this communication, the hand plays an important role. Its brain representation covers one-third of
the entire motor region, situated in the close proximity to the speech region. For this reason, some authors refer to hand as a āspeech organā. According to numerous studies, each separate finger also has a relatively large representation in the cerebral cortex, which points to the importance of the fine motor skills development, or precise, highly differentiated movements of hand muscles following the principles of differentiation and hierarchical integration. Development of the fine motor skills in the hand is important for the overall child development, and it also serves as a predictor pointing to immaturity of the central nervous system. The aim of this paper is to present the development of hand motoricity from birth until the age of one year, as well as the most frequent deviations observed in children hospitalized at Childrenās Department of Rehabilitation, Clinical Department of Rheumatology, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center.Rani razvoj djeteta, od roÄenja do prve godine života, obilježen je izmeÄu ostalog i intenzivnim motoriÄkim uÄenjem kojim se obrasci voljnih pokreta od refleksnih obrazaca razvijaju u koordinirane voljne pokrete. Svi voljni pokreti djeteta njegovi su aktivni oblici komunikacije s okolinom. U toj komunikaciji veliku važnost ima ruka. Njezina reprezentacija u mozgu zauzima treÄinu cjelokupnog prostora motorne regije koja se nalazi u neposrednoj blizini regije za govor. Stoga neki autori ruku nazivaju āorganom govoraā. Kako su pokazale razliÄite studije, svaki prst zasebno takoÄer ima relativno veliku zastupljenost u moždanoj kori, Å”to upuÄuje na važnost razvoja fine motorike, odnosno preciznih visokodiferenciranih pokreta muskulature Å”ake po naÄelima diferencijacije i hijerarhijske integracije. Razvoj fine motrike Å”ake važan je za cjelokupni razvoj djeteta, a takoÄer je i prediktor koji ukazuje na nezrelost srediÅ”njega živÄanog sustava. Cilj ovoga rada je prikazati razvoj motorike Å”ake od roÄenja do prve godine života, kao i najÄeÅ”Äa odstupanja koja su zapažena kod djece koja su boravila na Odsjeku za rehabilitaciju djece Klinike za reumatologiju, fizikalnu medicinu i rehabilitaciju KliniÄkog bolniÄkog centra āSestre milosrdniceā
Childās play in the humanization of childās stay in hospital
Prilikom bolniÄkog lijeÄenja (hospitalizacije) potrebno je voditi brigu o zadovoljenju djetetovih potreba. Odlazak u bolnicu velika je promjena za dijete, i Äesto praÄena neugodnim emocionalnim stanjima koja se mogu opisati kao sindrom hospitalizma. VeÄina djece prolazi sljedeÄe faze kojima se opisuje ovaj sindrom: faza prosvjeda, faza oÄajanja i faza prividne prilagodbe.
Mnogo je teorija o prirodi i smislu igre, a ono u Äemu se one generalno slažu jest da je djeÄja igra puno viÅ”e od same zabave. Kroz igru djeca otkrivaju okolinu, vlastite vjeÅ”tine, uvježbavaju nauÄeno, kreiraju Å”to bi joÅ” mogla uÄiniti. Igra je slobodna i spontana djeÄja aktivnost.
Problematiku hospitalizma, kao i naÄin suoÄavanja djeteta s lijeÄenjem u bolniÄkim uvjetima, naglaÅ”avaju i pravni propisi koji reguliraju djeÄja prava i pridonose humanijem pristupu prema djetetu. U ovom radu prezentirane su vrste igara koje se mogu provoditi na djeÄjim odjelima. Uloga struÄnjaka važna je u procesu hospitalizacije.During the hospital treatment (hospitalisation) it is necessary to take care of the fulfillment of the childās needs. Moving into a hospital is a big change for a child, often accompanied by the unpleasant emotional states which can be described as the hospitalism syndrome. Most of the children go through the phases being described by this syndrome: protest phase, desperation phase, and superficial adjustment phase.
There are a lot of theories about the nature and the point of play, but what they generally agree on is that childās play is much more than just leisure time. Through play children discover the environment, their own skills, they practice what theyāve learned, create what they might do. Play is a free and spontaneous childrenās activity.
Hospitalism and other coping strategies associated with childrenās fears instigated by hospitalization are also validated within the law regulations to prioritise the rights and needs of children. This paper presents different types of games that hospitalised children play at hospital wards. Professional help is essential in supporting children and their families to cope with hospitalization