HUBUNGAN USIA PENYAPIHAN DAN POLA KONSUMSI SUSU FORMULA DENGAN KEJADIAN KARIES GIGI PADA ANAK BALITA DI DESA MRANGGEN SUKOHARJO

DEPARTMENT OF NUTRITION SCIENCE FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCE MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT DINA PERMATASARI. J310110048 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGE OF WEANING AND FORMULA CONSUMPTION PATTERNS AND DENTAL CARIES AMONG CHILDREN IN MRANGGEN VILLAGESUKOHARJO. Introduction:Dental caries cavities are the most common tooth decays in children. Dental caries are due to loss of minerals from email , dentin , and cementum. Dental caries can be caused by several factors, such as early feeding and consumption patterns of infant formula, due to fermentation of carbohydrates. Objective:This study aimed to assess the relationship between age of weaning and formula consumption patterns and dental caries in children in the village of Sukoharjo Mranggen. Research method:This research was an observational with cross sectional design. Subjects were toddlers aged 24-59 monthsof Mranggen, Sukoharjo. Sampling technique usedsimple random sampling technique. Statistical tests used Chi - Square tests. Results:The study showed most children had dental caries (59,6%). Most children were weaned at the right age (88,5%). Most children consumed formula in a big amount (51,9%). There was 61,5% children consumed formula rarely. Most children consumedformula in morning, noon and night (57,7%). Most children consumed formula in short diration (86,5%). Conclusion:No relationship between weaning age and dental caries in under five children under five in the village of Mranggen,Sukoharjo.No relationship between formula consumption pattern and dental caries in under fivechildren in the village of Mranggen, Sukoharjo. Keywords:weaning age, formula consumption patterns, dental caries Bibliography:69:1993-201

Hubungan Antara Frekuensi Konsumsi Fast Food dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Tebal Lemak Bawah Kulit Siswi SMA N 6 Yogyakarta

Background : Fast food in Indonesia can influence the food habit of the adolescent in town. The female adolescent tend to keep the excessive energy as body fat. The Physical inactivity following by over eating will saving energys in form of fat. In the body, the excessive food intake is converting into fat and strored in adipose tissue. Objective : To analyzed the correlations between fast food consumption frequency and physical activity with skin fold thickness of the female student SMA N 6 Yogyakarta. Methods: This research was observational with cross sectional draft research. The data of the fast food consumption frequency collected by form food frequency in the last one month and the data of physical activity collected by record physical activity for 3 days. The data of skin fold thickness collected by measurement used skinfold caliper. Rank spearman test used to analyzed the correlation between fast food consumption frequency and skin fold thickness. Person correlation test used to analyzed the correlation between physical activity and skin fold thickness. Result: Most of the research subject (54,4%) have often level for fast food consumption frequency. Most of the research subject (68,2%) have light level for physical activity. The research subject have high level for skin fold thickness (skin fold thickness > 30%) as much 36,4% . Conclusion: There was no correlations between fast food consumption frequency and physical activity with skin fold thickness for female student SMA N 6 Yogyakarta

Hubungan Antara Konsumsi Protein dan Zat Besi dengan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) di Kecamatan Cangkringan Kabupaten Sleman

Pendahuluan : Gizi merupakan salah satu penentu kualitas sumber daya manusia. Kekurangan gizi akan menyebabkan kegagalan pertumbuhan fisik dan perkembangan kecerdasan, menurunkan produktivitas kerja dan menurunkan daya tahan tubuh, yang berakibat meningkatnya angka kesakitan dan kematian. Tingkat konsumsi makanan merupakan salah satu penentu status gizi seseorang, konsumsi protein dan zat besi sangatlah berhubungan dengan kadar hemoglobin. Protein berperan penting dalam transportasi zat besi di dalam tubuh. Oleh karena itu, kurangnya asupan protein akan mengakibatkan transportasi zat besi terhambat sehingga akan terjadi defisiensi besi. Disamping itu kekurangan zat besi juga menurunkan kadar hemoglobin. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan antara konsumsi protein dan zat besi dengan kadar hemoglobin pada Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) di Kecamatan Cangkringan Kabupaten Sleman. Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 26 dipilih dengan metode multi stage random sampling. Data konsumsi protein dan zat besi dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan metode recall 3x24 jam dan pengambilan sampel darah untuk pemeriksaan kadar hemoglobin dengan cyanmethemoglobin. Analisis data dengan uji statistik fisher exact test. Hasil : Berdasarkan analisis univariat tingkat konsumsi protein subjek sebanyak 15 subjek (57,7%) termasuk dalam kategori konsumsi protein kurang sedangkan konsumsi zat besi subjek sebanyak 22 subjek (84,6%) termasuk dalam kategori konsumsi zat besi kurang dan sebagian besar kadar hemoglobin subjek sebanyak 17 subjek (65,4%) termasuk dalam kategori hemoglobin normal. Kesimpulan : Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara konsumsi protein dan zat besi dengan kadar hemoglobin pada Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) di Kecamatan Cangkringan Kabupaten Sleman. Hal ini diharapkan masyarakat dapat memperhatikan pola konsumsi makan sesuai angka kecukupan gizi (AKG)

Perbedaan Status Gizi dan Karakteristik Keluarga pada Siswa SD Antara Program Full Day School Dengan Non Full Day School di Desa Tulakan Kabupaten Pacitan

Pendahuluan: Anak sekolah merupakan sasaran strategi dalam perbaikan gizi masyarakat dan merupakan generasi penerus tumpuan bangsa sehingga perlu disiapkan dengan baik kualitasnya. Pada umumnya siswa yang sekolah di full day school orang tuanya berpenghasilan besar dan sibuk bekerja. Penghasilan yang besar memungkinkan untuk membeli bahan makanan yang bergizi, dengan demikian diharapkan status gizi anak sekolah full day school lebih baik dari pada sekolah non full day school. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan status gizi dan Karakteristik Keluarga pada siswa SD antara program full day school dengan SD non full day school di Desa Tulakan Kabupaten Pacitan. Metode Penelitian: Desain penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan crossectional dengan jumlah 66 responden yang dipilih secara random sampling yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Uji statistik menggunakan uji peredaan independen T-test Hasil: Berdasarkan karakteristik keluarga dari SD full day school orang tua responden bekerja sebagai wiraswasta yaitu sebesar 39,4%. Pendidikan orang tua dari kedua responden baik SD program full day school SMP yaitu sebesar 51,5%. Penghasilan dari kedua responden baik SD program full day school tergolong sedang yaitu sebesar 45,5%. Responden full day school mempunyai status gizi normal yaitu sebesar 54,5%. Berdasarkan uji perbedaan dengan menggunakan independen T-test menyatakan tidak ada perbedaan antara status gizi antara anak yang bersekolah di SD program full day school dan non full day school. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan uji perbedaan dengan menggunaka T-test menyatakan tidak ada perbedaan antara status gizi antara anak yang bersekolah di SD program full day school dan non full day school

Perbedaan Intake Karbohidrat, Protein, Lemak, dan Kolesterol Antara Penderita Penyakit Jantung Koroner Dan Penyakit Jantung Non Koroner Pasien Rawat Jalan Di RSUD Dr Moewardi

Background : Coronary heart disease is the primary cause of death in the world. The survey indicated that the heart disease and blood vessel show the highest cause of death are 26.3%. Objective : The purpose of the research was to determine the difference of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and cholesterols intake between the patients of coronary and non-coronary heart diseases. Method : The design of the study was observational with cross sectional. The research was conducted for a month. The samples were evaluated in the study as much as 20 respondents of each kind of heart disease. The weight and height of samples have been assessed to find out their nutritional status. The carbohydrate, protein, fat, and cholesterol intake were determined using recall. Independent sample t-test was used in statistical analysis. Results : The result showed that most of respondents was more than 40 years (92.5%). Mostly education of respondents was high school (27.5%). The housewife was most of the respondent profession (25%). The HHD displayed the highest of coronary heart diseases, with precentage 27.5% of respondents. AP gave the same level with HHD, with precentage 27.5%. Based on stat analysis it was foud that there are no significant differences of carbohydrates, proteins, fat and cholesterols intake between the coronary and non-coronary heart diseases (p=0.101, p=0.070, p=0.670, p=0,460)

Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik, Pengetahuan Gizi Dan Body Image Dengan Status Gizi Pada Siswi SMAN 7 Surakarta

Introduction: Adolescents are vulnerable to nutritional problems that can affect there nutritional status. Many factors that influence such as the tendency to do light physical activity, lack of knowledge about nutrition and negative body image which can change the behavior of adolescents that will affect their nutritional status of being too thin or excess (overweight and obese). Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between physical activity, nutrition knowledge dan body image with nutritional status in students at Senior High School 7 of Surakarta Method: The research was an observational with cross-sectional approach. Number of subject in this study was 43 respondents which were selected through systematic random sampling. The data on physical activity, nutrition knowledge and body image were collected through interview using a questionnaire. Statistical test used to analyze the relationship among variables were Pearson Product Moment tests. Result: The results showed that most of respondents had normal nutritional status (75%), light physical activity (80%), adequate knowledge on nutrition (61%) dan negative of body image (51%). Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between physical activity and nutritional status (p=0,000) with r value – 0,663 but not for nutritional knowledge and nutritional status (p=0,112) and body image and nutritional status (p=0,225)

Hubungan Lingkar Lengan Atas (LILA),Kadar Hemoglobin (Hb) dan Frekuensi Antenatal Care (ANC) Dengan Berat Bayi Lahir di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Pendahuluan : Salah satu pengukuran status gizi adalah pengukuran LILA dan kadar hemoglobin. Berat bayi lahir dapat dipengaruhi oleh LILA, kadar Hb dan frekuensi antenatal care. Ibu KEK risiko melahirkan bayi dengan BBLR tinggi, selain itu BBLR juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh kadar hemoglobin ibu rendah. Asupan zat besi yang kurang bisa menyebabkan anemia. Frekuensi antenatal care juga dapat mempengaruhi berat bayi lahir karena antenatal care dapat mendeteksi secara dini komplikasi terjadinya penyakit pada ibu hamil sehingga dapat segera teratasi bila ada komplikasi atau penyakit pada ibu hamil. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara lingkar lengan atas, kadar hemoglobin dan frekuensi antenatal care dengan berat bayi lahir di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. Metode Penelitian : Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 30 responden yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Data lingkar lengan atas, kadar hemoglobin dan berat bayi lahir diperoleh dari catatan rekam medik sedangkan data frekuensi antenatal care diperoleh dari catatan buku KIA. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji pearson product moment. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 93,3% ibu tidak KEK, 50% anemia, 96,7% mempunyai frekuensi antenatal tergolong baik dan 80% bayi lahir normal. Hasil uji hubungan antara lingkar lengan atas dengan berat bayi lahir nilai p = 0,487. Hasil uji hubungan antara kadar hemoglobin terhadap berat bayi lahir diperoleh nilai p sebesar 0,698. Hasil uji hubungan antara frekuensi antenatal care dengan berat bayi lahir diperoleh nilai p = 0,296. Kesimpulan : Tidak ada hubungan lingkar lengan atas, kadar hemoglobin dan frekuensi antenatal care dengan berat bayi lahir di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Hubungan Asupan Karbohidrat Dan Lemak Dengan Tebal Lemak Bawah Kulit Pada Siswi SMA N 6 Yogyakarta

Background: Teens are more nutritional status will cause malfunctioning of the body and is a risk factor for disease in adulthood.Carbohydrate and fat intake contributed the largest energy for the body that will be stored as fat tissue. The fat tissue can be measured with a skinfold caliper. Objective: Analyzing thecorrelation of carbohydrate and fat intake with subcutaneous fat thickness on female students of SMA N 6 Yogyakarta. Research methods: This type of research is observational research with cross sectional study design. The study was conducted in SMAN 6 Yogyakarta in November 2014. The number of samples is 44 female students were taken by systematic random sampling. Carbohydrate and fat intake measured with 3x24hour of form record. Subcutaneous fat thickness measured with a skinfold caliper. Data analysis with Pearson Product Moment correlation test. Result: Female student’s carbohydrate intake per day on average 219 grams and the majority are included in the category of severe deficiency (38.6%). Female student’s fat intake per day on average 68.03 grams and a majority is included in the normal category (38.6%). subcutaneous fat thicknessof female student average on 62.48 mm and the majority of moderate categorized are 56.8%. Conclusion: There is correlation between carbohydrate intake and thick subcutaneous fat with p = 0.018. There is correlationbetween the intake of fat and subcutaneous fat thickness with a value of p = 0.034

Perbedaan Intake Serat, Natrium, Dan Antioksidan Antara Penderita Penyakit Jantung Koroner Dan Penyakit Jantung Non Koroner Pasien Rawat Jalan Di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta

Pendahuluan : Penyakit jantung koroner menjadi penyebab kematian utama di Indonesia. Berdasarkan Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Tengah mencapai 67,57% kasus penyakit jantung dan pembuluh darah . Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan intake serat, natrium, dan antioksidan antara penderita penyakit jantung koroner dan penyakit jantung non koroner pasien rawat jalan di RSUD Dr Moewardi Surakarta. Metode penelitian : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Observasional dengan menggunakan rancangan Cross Sectional. Penelitian dilakukan selama 1 bulan. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 20 pasien penderita penyakit jantung koroner dan 20 penderita penyakit jantung non koroner sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara mengukur berat badan dan tinggi badan sampel untuk menentukan status gizi, sedangkan data tentang intake serat, natrium, dan antioksidan diperoleh dengan cara recall 24 jam selama 3 hari tidak berturut - turut. Uji beda yang digunakan adalah Independent Sample t Test dan Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian : Sebagian besar responden berumur > 40 tahun (85%), responden berpendidikan SMA (27.5 %), responden bekerja sebagai ibu rumah tangga (37.5%), sebagian besar responden didiagnosis HHD (Hypertension Heart Disease) (32.5%), PJK (Penyakit Jantung Koroner) dan CHF (Congestive Heart Failure) (17.5%). Hasil nilai p value dari uji Independent Sample t Test didapatkan intake serat (p = 0.005), intake natrium (p = 0.048), dan intake antioksidan (vitamin A, p = 0.791, vitamin C, p = 0.047 dan vitamin E, p = 0.764) antara pasien penyakit jantung koroner dan pasien penyakit jantung non koroner. Kesimpulan : Ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara intake serat, natrium, dan vitamin C antara penderita penyakit jantung koroner dengan penyakit jantung non koroner. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara intake vitamin A dan vitamin E antara penderita penyakit jantung koroner dan penyakit jantung non koroner