EVALUATION OF ROCK MASS QUALITY BASED ON ROCK MASS RATING AND GEOLOGICAL STRENGTH INDEX METHOD FOR TUNNEL CONSTRUCTION IN PIYUNGAN-PATUK AREA, YOGYAKARTA SPECIAL PROVINCE, INDONESIA

The tunnel excavation plan is proposed to solve the transportation problem in Piyungan-Patuk area, which is located in the eastern part of Yogyakarta special province, Indonesia. This tunnel will be built in the area that contains various types of rock, i.e. andesitic lava, andesitic breccias, pumiceous breccias and tuffaceous sandstone. Before this underground structure will be constructed, the main problems that may occur during the excavation need to be considered which relating to rock mass instabilities. Thus, to minimize and avoid those problems, it is necessary to do the detail site investigation related to geological conditions in order to estimate the rock mass quality in this area. This research is mainly aimed to evaluate the rock mass quality by applying two empirical methods such as Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Geological Strength Index (GSI). The purpose of RMR system is to classify the quality of rock mass by using surface and subsurface (borehole) data, in order to guide the excavation method and also to give the recommendation of tunnel supports as well as the unsupported span and stand-up time. Furthermore, GSI system is not only aimed to estimate the rock mass quality, but also the modulus of deformation (Ed), compressive strength (�c) and tensile strength (�t) of the rock mass. Moreover, according to RMR and GSI method, the relationship between RMRbasic and GSI rating is able to conduct in form of linear equation in order to compare the rock mass quality condition between both methods. Besides, depended on the rock mass conditions in the study area, this research has also tried to figure out the engineering potential risks that may occur during the tunnel construction and attempted to suggest the appropriate method to control and prevent such those potential risks. Based on RMR determination by using surface data, the qualities of rock masses in the study area are classified to be good and fair rock, the good rocks are found on andesitic lava and andesitic breccias (RMR=62-77, unsupported span is 8.3 m, stand-up time is 333.33 days

KARAKTERISTIK DAN EFEKTIVITAS BENTONIT UNTUK MENGURANGI KONSENTRASI TIMBAL DALAM AIR PADA SIMPLE PORTABLE WATER TREATMENT

Water is a very important element in human life, used as drinking water and daily need, household activities, and industries using land water as water source. Land water has been polluted by lead (Pb) in parts of Yogyakarta city ranging from 0.01 to 0.04 mg/l, exceeding 0.01 limit. One location of bentonite existence is in Bandung Village, Boyolali District. The objective of research was to find characteristics of bentonite, change in Cation Exchange Capacity values before and after activation and effectiveness of bentonite as absorbent to reduce lead in water. X-Ray Diffraction was used for finding characteristics of bentonite, changes in Cation Exchange Capacity values between bentonite which had not been activated and bentonite which had been activated were analyzed for Cation Exchange Capacity values. Whereas, laboratory test was conducted to find effectiveness of bentonite as absorbent. The research was conducted in laboratory using column method, with two stages of test

Geotechnical evaluation on soft soil characteristic before and after improvement by using Micropile and Lime column method in Jungkat, Pontianak Regency, West Kalimantan

Indonesia is a country that has abundant of soft soil, covers about 26 million hectares of the land area, almost half of which is located in Kalimantan. There are several problems with construction over soft soil challenging to geotechnical engineering, such as low bearing capacity, excessive water content, high compressibility and long term settlement. The main objectives of this research is (1) to evaluate the characteristic of soil foundatio

APLIKASI PRODUK PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR (POC) BERBAHAN BAKU LINDI TPA DAN LIMBAH CAIR TAHU PADA TANAMAN BAYAM JEPANG DI DESA BATUR, DIENG, WONOSOBO, JAWA TENGAH

Wonosobo landfill leachate contains BOD of 290 mg/liter and the COD of 840 mg/liter and whey contains BOD of 5.455 mg/liter and COD of 2.350 mg/liter which is if discharged into the environment without any treatment would potentially reduce the quality of the environment. Agriculture has reached a critical stage, farmers have to spend a very high cost for crop production while fertilization did not experience significant improvement. If the soil that already in critical conditions is continue to be given the over composition of chemical fertilizer, will accelerate soil saturation and it will cause the soil become not productive anymore. The purpose of this study is to make the composition of the POC product mixture of leachate and whey to determine the composition of the POC that has closer to the required criteria by management of agricultural Spinacia farm and to examine the effectiveness of POC from the leachate and whey that applied on the Spinacia plants. POC product that was created expected to fulfill the standards and increase agricultural production of Spinacia by observing the increasing value of REA on standard treatment. The materials used for creating this POC is a landfill leachate and whey taken from Bumiroso Village, Watumalang by using modeling tools submerged biofilter and Spinacia plants in Batur village, Dieng, Wonosobo. This study uses 5 (five) composition of mixture of leachate and whey for creating the POC respectively 90% and 10% (POC1

PEMETAAN ZONA RISIKO GERAKAN MASSA TANAH DAN BATUAN DESA KARANGSARI, KECAMATAN PENGASIH, KABUPATEN KULONPROGO, PROPINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

Landslide disaster is one of the most frequently occurring each year in Indonesia and the location of the research is a risky place of the mass movement. This study was conducted to determine the level of risk generated mass movement based on the level and extent of potential vulnerabilities mass movement. In order to minimize the impact of losses incurred. Construction stage research with field geology investigation based on several parameters. Determination of potential zones and zones of vulnerability determined that each parameter has particularly different values. Zone of potential mass movement based on parameters such as slope, lithology, structural geology and land use while the mass movement hazard intensity level based on the parameters of the population and infrastructure activity. In the determination of the mass movement risk zones include all the parameters of the zone and the potential for mass movement hazard. Results of analysis showed the risk zones in the study area are divided into three zones, they are zone mass movement with high level of risk, zone of moderate mass movement, and a zone of low-level risk of mass movement. In order to reduce and prevent the occurrence of mass movements, they need some efforts from another people too such as knowing the early symptoms of a mass movement and make a retaining wall on the cliffs prone to landslide

PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM MODEL PENGOMPOSAN KOMUNAL DI KOTA MAKASSAR (STUDI KASUS : RT I RW I KEL. BARRANG LOMPO DAN RT II RW X KEL. PA�BAENG-BAENG)

The purposes of this research are to observe the degree of community participation and influence factors in communal composting in suburban and urban area, to observe the relationship between communal composting and influence factors of community participation in suburban and urban area, and to observe the differences of participation community of communal composting in suburban area compared to urban area. The research methodes used in this research were qualitative descriptive methode, analysis correlation methode, and analysis comparation methode. These methodes were used to analyse the questionnaire that have been spreaded to respondents. This research needed 25 samples each research area. This research was done in suburban area which is in RT I RW I Kel. Barrang Lompo and in urban area which is in RT II RW X Kel. Pa�baeng-Baeng Kota Makassar. This research result showed that community participation degree in suburban area was 65% with 48% of acceptance communal composting value and 56% of community participation influence factors activity value, whereas urban area had community participation degree 50% with 59% of acceptance communal composting value and 49% of community participation influence factors activity value. Significant correlation was occured between some factors and community participation degree. In suburban area, significant correlation occured among the community participation degree with level of education, level of income, socialization, and the three of communal composting indicators i.e planning phase, implementation phase, and utilization phase. Whereas in urban area, significant correlation occured among the community participation degree with age, socialization, and the two of communal composting indicators i.e planning phase and utilization phase. The different of community participation degree between suburban and urban area was occured in every level of community participation i.e. basic level related to participation in households scale, intermediate level related to participation in neighborhood scale, and high level related to participation in management scale. Suburban area has higher community participation degree in every participation level than urban area

Geotechnical study of soil and their effects to creeping soil occurring in Koripan Village, Karanganyar Area, Central Java, Indonesia

In Indonesia there are many types of landslid