PENGARUH HIPOKSIA HIPOBARIK TERHADAP FUNGSI SEL RAMBUT LUAR KOKHLEA

Cochlear hair cell is a sensoric cell of hearing system with a hair like structrure above it, which is a stereocilia. Cochlea is an organ that works continuously for 24 hours a day, receiving vascularization from a very small artery (a.cochlearis) without collateral and vasculary striae which is the prime energy for hair cells in organon Corti. Hypoxic condition can cause damage to the cell in human body. Cochlear outer hair cell is one of the cell that wont regenerate after receiving a damage, while this cell is very crucial for hearing process to work well. People who are frequently traveled by airplane, or pilot cadets, receiving a hypoxic hypobaric condition pretty often. This means that as a pilot cadets, they would have to endure a certain hypoxic hypobaric condition during training in the hypobaric chamber. The purpose of this study is to know the effects of hypoxic hypobaric condition in 18.000 feet high, to the pilot cadet�s outer cochlear hair cell function. The design of this study is quasi experimental. Statistical analysis using numerical calculation such as mean, deviation standart, and percentage. t-test also used to compare the mean of pre and post test in time series. The result of this study showed that there were 9 subject (18%) with cochlear outer hair cell function abnormality after 5 minutes inside the chamber, and after 25 minutes there were 16 subject (32%) with same abnormality. Blood oxygen saturation before and after 5 minutes and 25 minutes had significant difference (p<0,01). Mean of the blood oxygen saturation after 5 minute (71,42 SD 1,401) and after 25 minute (71,22 SD 1,329). Almost every parameter showed significant different before and after 5 minutes and befora and after 25 minutes in hypobarec chamber (p0,05). The SNR value in every frequencies was still above 6 dB, which mean that cochlear outer haircell still function normally. In conclusion cochlear outer haircell function was decreasing due to acute hypoxia in 18.000 ft

HUBUNGAN RINITIS ALERGI DENGAN PENURUNAN TEKANAN UDARA TELINGA TENGAH

Allergic rhinitis is a common case found in Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) practice, and can cause mild to severe complications. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis approximately 10-25% of population, which effects patient�s quality of life as well as health cost. ENT practitioner needs to know the possible complications that could happened from having allergic rhinitis. Prevention and management of allergic rhinitis are important to avoid complications. The aim of this study is to determine allergic rhinitis as a risk factor for decreased value on middle ear pressure. Study was commenced by doing tympanometri measurement to all patients in ENT outpatient unit of Dr. Sardjito Hospital, and dividing patients into rhinitis allergic group and non rhinitis allergic group. Skin prick test was carried out to all patients to determine the allergic status. Patients data were processed and analyzed with statistic measures to determine association between allergic rhinitis and decreased middle ear pressure. The study design was cross-sectional. Chi square and logistic regression are used in data statistical analysis. The result showed that from 40 allergic rhinitis patients, there were 33 patients (86,8 %) with decreased middle ear pressure and only 7 (16,7 %) allergic rhinitis patients without decreased middle ear pressure. Among 40 non allergic rhinitis patients, 35 patients (83,3 %) were not having decreased middle ear pressure, and only 5 patients (13,2 %) showed a decreased in middle ear pressure. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant association between allergic rhinitis and decreased value in middle ear pressure (p<0,05). The prevalence ratio of allergic rhinitis to decreased middle ear pressure was 693:100 (87 %). Among allergic rhinitis patients, the major factor in decreasing middle ear pressure were the persistent moderate-severe allergic rhinitis, and persistent mild allergic rhinitis (p<0,05). Conclusion: Allergic rhinitis associated with decreased middle ear pressure