76,741 research outputs found
The Universal Real Projective Plane: LHC phenomenology at one Loop
The Real Projective Plane is the lowest dimensional orbifold which, when
combined with the usual Minkowski space-time, gives rise to a unique model in
six flat dimensions possessing an exact Kaluza Klein (KK) parity as a relic
symmetry of the broken six dimensional Lorentz group. As a consequence of this
property, any model formulated on this background will include a stable Dark
Matter candidate. Loop corrections play a crucial role because they remove mass
degeneracy in the tiers of KK modes and induce new couplings which mediate
decays. We study the full one loop structure of the corrections by means of
counter-terms localised on the two singular points. As an application, the
phenomenology of the (2,0) and (0,2) tiers is discussed at the LHC. We identify
promising signatures with single and di-lepton, top antitop and 4 tops: in the
dilepton channel, present data from CMS and ATLAS may already exclude KK masses
up to 250 GeV, while by next year they may cover the whole mass range preferred
by WMAP data.Comment: 45 pages, 3 figure
On the Casimir effect for parallel plates in the spacetime with one extra compactified dimension
In this paper, the Casimir effect for parallel plates in the presence of one
compactified universal extra dimension is reexamined in detail. Having
regularized the expressions of Casimir force, we show that the nature of
Casimir force is repulsive if the distance between the plates is large enough,
which is disagree with the experimental phenomena.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure
Two-body Cabibbo-suppressed Decays of Charmed Baryons into Vector Mesons and into Photons
The heavy quark effective theory and the factorization approximation are used
to treat the Cabibbo-suppressed decays of charmed baryons to vector mesons,
,
and . The input from two recent experimental results on
decays allows the estimation of the branching ratios for these modes, which
turn out to be between and . The long distance contribution
of these transitions via vector meson dominance to the radiative weak processes
, and
leads to quite small branching ratios,
; the larger value holds if a sum rule between the coupling
constants of the vector mesons is broken.Comment: 11 pages, latex, no figure
A Codazzi-like equation and the singular set for smooth surfaces in the Heisenberg group
In this paper, we study the structure of the singular set for a
smooth surface in the -dimensional Heisenberg group . We
discover a Codazzi-like equation for the -area element along the
characteristic curves on the surface. Information obtained from this ordinary
differential equation helps us to analyze the local configuration of the
singular set and the characteristic curves. In particular, we can estimate the
size and obtain the regularity of the singular set. We understand the global
structure of the singular set through a Hopf-type index theorem. We also
justify that Codazzi-like equation by proving a fundamental theorem for local
surfaces in .Comment: 64 pages, 17 figure
An unexpectedly low-redshift excess of Swift gamma-ray burst rate
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most violent explosions in the Universe and
can be used to explore the properties of high-redshift universe. It is believed
that the long GRBs are associated with the deaths of massive stars. So it is
possible to use GRBs to investigate the star formation rate (SFR). In this
paper, we use Lynden-Bell's method to study the luminosity function and
rate of \emph{Swift} long GRBs without any assumptions. We find that the
luminosity of GRBs evolves with redshift as with
. After correcting the redshift evolution through
, the luminosity function can be expressed as
for dim GRBs and for bright GRBs, with the break point
. We also find that the formation
rate of GRBs is almost constant at for the first time, which is
remarkably different from the SFR. At , the formation rate of GRB is
consistent with the SFR. Our results are dramatically different from previous
studies. Some possible reasons for this low-redshift excess are discussed. We
also test the robustness of our results with Monte Carlo simulations. The
distributions of mock data (i.e., luminosity-redshift distribution, luminosity
function, cumulative distribution and distribution) are in good
agreement with the observations. Besides, we also find that there are
remarkable difference between the mock data and the observations if long GRB
are unbiased tracers of SFR at .Comment: 33 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, accepted by ApJ
Radiative Kaon Decays and Direct CP Violation
It is stressed that a measurement of the electric dipole amplitude for direct
photon emission in \kpm decays through its interference with inner
bremsstrahlung is important for differentiating among various models. Effects
of amplitude CP violation in the radiative decays of the charged kaon are
analyzed in the Standard Model in conjunction with the large approach. We
point out that gluon and electromagnetic penguin contributions to the
CP-violating asymmetry between the Dalitz plots of \kpm are of equal weight.
The magnitude of CP asymmetry ranges from to when the photon energy in the kaon rest frame varies from 50 MeV to
170 MeV.Comment: Latex, 11 pages, ITP-SB-93-36, IP-ASTP-22-9
Solar flare hard X-ray spikes observed by RHESSI: a case study
In this paper, we analyze hard X-ray spikes observed by RHESSI to understand
their temporal, spectral, and spatial properties. A recently developed
demodulation code was applied to hard X-ray light curves in several energy
bands observed by RHESSI. Hard X-ray spikes were selected from the demodulated
flare light curves. We measured the spike duration, the energy-dependent time
delay, and count spectral index of these spikes. We also located the hard X-ray
source emitting these spikes from RHESSI mapping that was coordinated with
imaging observations in visible and UV wavelengths. We identify quickly varying
structures of <1 s during the rise of hard X-rays in five flares. These hard
X-ray spikes can be observed at photon energies over 100 keV. They exhibit
sharp rise and decay with a duration (FWHM) of less than 1 s. Energy-dependent
time lags are present in some spikes. It is seen that the spikes exhibit harder
spectra than underlying components, typically by 0.5 in the spectral index when
they are fitted to power-law distributions. RHESSI clean maps at 25-100 keV
with an integration of 2 s centered on the peak of the spikes suggest that hard
X-ray spikes are primarily emitted by double foot-point sources in magnetic
fields of opposite polarities. With the RHESSI mapping resolution of ~ 4 arsec,
the hard X-ray spike maps do not exhibit detectable difference in the spatial
structure from sources emitting underlying components. Coordinated
high-resolution imaging UV and infrared observations confirm that hard X-ray
spikes are produced in magnetic structures embedded in the same magnetic
environment of the underlying components. The coordinated high-cadence TRACE UV
observations of one event possibly reveal new structures on spatial scales <1-2
arsec at the time of the spike superposed on the underlying component. They are
probably sources of hard X-ray spikes.Comment: 20 pages, 11 figure
Measurement of a Sign-Changing Two-Gap Superconducting Phase in Electron-Doped Ba(Fe_{1-x}Co_x)_2As_2 Single Crystals using Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy
Scanning tunneling spectroscopic studies of (x =
0.06, 0.12) single crystals reveal direct evidence for predominantly two-gap
superconductivity. These gaps decrease with increasing temperature and vanish
above the superconducting transition . The two-gap nature and the slightly
doping- and energy-dependent quasiparticle scattering interferences near the
wave-vectors and are consistent with
sign-changing -wave superconductivity. The excess zero-bias conductance and
the large gap-to- ratios suggest dominant unitary impurity scattering.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. Paper accepted for publication in Physical Review
Letters. Contact author: Nai-Chang Yeh ([email protected]
Violation of supersymmetric equivalence in R parity violating couplings
In this paper we consider the violation of supersymmetric equvalence among
the R parity violating couplings caused by widely split chiral
supermultiplets. We find that if and
then the violation of SUSY equivalence is of the
order of in heavy SQCD models. On the other hand if
and then the violation of SUSY
equivalence can be as large as 9.4% in 2-1 models.Comment: Plain Tex, 7 pages, no figure
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