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    Push-Pull boundary optimization problem of special steel industry to improve customer service level

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ, 2017. 8. ํ™์„ฑํ•„.The steel industry is divided into the Integrated Steel Mill Industry(ISM) and Special Steel Mill Industry(SSM). ISM is easy to apply push-pull hybrid strategy, whereas for the SSM only the Pull strategy has been considered. In this paper, we consider push-pull boundary optimization problem to reduce costs and improve customer service level. As a representative hybrid strategy, the delayed differentiation strategy is based on inventory of common semi-finished products. It means that if the actual demand arrives, it will be supplied through the remaining processes. In this study, first, we derived semi-finished products through the analysis of product, raw material, product processes, and define the problem of inventory management of semi-finished products to achieve push-pull border optimization. Specifically, the problem of semi-finished goods inventory management is deciding target inventory and the replenishment cycle. This problem is similar with the Joint Replenishment Problem (JRP), where both problems are finding multiple cycle makes the problem difficult. Therefore, Solve problems through heuristics. JRP, known as NP-hard, fixes the problem by fixing the period to a constant value. In this model, similarly, the period is fixed by multiplier of 2, power-of-two policy. Introduction of semi-finished products through experiments, the cost was reduced compared to before.์ฒ ๊ฐ•์‚ฐ์—…์€ ์ผ๊ด€์ œ์ฒ ์‚ฐ์—…(Integrated Steel Mill Industry, ISM)๊ณผ ํŠน์ˆ˜๊ฐ• ์‚ฐ์—…(Special Steel Mill Industry, SSM)์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋œ๋‹ค. ISM์€ push-pull ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์ „๋žต์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์šฉ์ดํ•œ๋ฐ ๋น„ํ•ด SSM์€ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ pull ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ตœ์„ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ ธ์™”๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” SSM์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„์šฉ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ๋ฐ ๊ณ ๊ฐ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์ „๋žต์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์„  ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ์ „๋žต์ธ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ™” ์ง€์—ฐ ์ „๋žต์€ ๊ณตํ†ต ๋ฐ˜์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์žฌ๊ณ ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ œ ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๊ณต์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋จผ์ € ์ œํ’ˆ๊ณผ ์›๋ฃŒ, ์ƒ์‚ฐ๊ณต์ •์˜ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ์žฌ๊ณ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ push-pull ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์„  ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์ œํ’ˆ ์žฌ๊ณ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋ถˆํ™•์ •์  ์ˆ˜์š” ํ•˜์—์„œ ๋ฐ˜์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์žฌ๊ณ ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์žฌ๋ณด์ถฉ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” Joint Replenishment Problem(JRP)์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํœด๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•œ๋‹ค. NP-hard๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ JRP๋Š” ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ณธ ๋ชจํ˜•์—์„œ๋„ ์ด์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ 2์˜ ์Šน์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” Power-of-Two policy๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐ˜์ œํ’ˆ ๋„์ž… ์ „ํ›„์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œ๋จ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.1 ์„œ๋ก  1 1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์  1 1.2 ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 5 1.3 ๋…ผ๋ฌธ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 8 2 ๊ณตํ†ต ๋ฐ˜์ œํ’ˆ ๋„์ถœ 9 2.1 ํŠน์ˆ˜๊ฐ• ์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ํŠน์ง• 9 2.2 ABC ๋ถ„์„ 11 2.3 ์›๋ฃŒ ๋ถ„์„ 12 2.4 ๊ณต์ • ์กฐํ•ฉ ๋ถ„์„ 12 2.5 ๊ณตํ†ต ๋ฐ˜์ œํ’ˆ ๋„์ถœ ๊ทœ์น™ 14 3 ๋ชจํ˜•ํ™” 19 3.1 ๊ฐœ์š” 19 3.2 ๊ฐ€์ • 19 3.3 ๊ฒฐ์ • ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ 21 3.4 ๋น„์šฉํ•จ์ˆ˜ 21 3.4.1 ๋ฐ˜์ œํ’ˆ ์žฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 21 3.4.2 ๋ฐ˜์ œํ’ˆ ์žฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 22 3.4.3 ์„ ์˜ ์ƒ์‹ค ๋น„์šฉ 23 3.4.4 ์ž”์กด๊ฐ€์น˜ 24 3.5 ๊ฐœ์š” 25 3.6 ํ‘œ๊ธฐ 25 3.7 ๋ชฉ์ ํ•จ์ˆ˜์™€ ๋น„์šฉํ•จ์ˆ˜ 26 3.8 ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ณตํ†ต ๋ฐ˜์ œํ’ˆ ๋ชจํ˜• 28 3.9 ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๊ณตํ†ต ๋ฐ˜์ œํ’ˆ ๋ชจํ˜• 29 4 ํ•ด๋ฒ• 31 4.1 ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ณตํ†ต ๋ฐ˜์ œํ’ˆ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์  ๊ตฌ์กฐ 31 4.2 ํ•ด๋ฒ• ๊ฐœ์š” 32 4.3 ํœด๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹ฑ 34 5 ์‹คํ—˜ 37 5.1 ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ 37 5.2 ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 38 5.2.1 ์„ ์˜ ์ƒ์‹ค ๋น„์šฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 38 5.2.2 ๊ณ ์ •๋น„์šฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 41 5.2.3 ์„ ์˜ ์ƒ์‹ค ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์—†์„ ๋•Œ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 43 6 ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ถ”ํ›„ ๊ณผ์ œ 44 7 ๋ถ€๋ก 45 ์ฐธ ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ ํ—Œ 47 ์˜๋ฌธ ์ดˆ๋ก 50Maste
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