7 research outputs found

    Combined therapy with chk1 inhibitor and Rucaparib in ovarian cancer

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์˜๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ, 2021.8. ์กฐํ˜œ์—ฐ.PARP ์–ต์ œ์ œ๋Š” BRCA ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ณ€์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ”ผ์„ฑ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•”์—์„œ ํšจ๋Šฅ์ด ์ž…์ฆ๋˜์–ด ์ž„์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ BRCA ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ณ€์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ”ผ์„ฑ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•”์—์„œ๋Š” PARP ์–ต์ œ์ œ์˜ ์ž„์ƒ์ ์ธ ํšจ๋Šฅ์ด BRCA ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ณ€์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ”ผ์„ฑ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•”๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. TP53์€ ์†์ƒ๋œ DNA์˜ ๋ณต๊ตฌ๊ณผ์ •์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ์„ธํฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ํ™•์ธ์  ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ G1/S ํ™•์ธ์ ์˜ ์กฐ์ ˆ๊ณผ์ •์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ƒํ”ผ์„ฑ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•”์€ TP53 ๋ณ€์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋ฐ, TP53 ๋ณ€์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ƒํ”ผ์„ฑ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•”์€ G1/S ํ™•์ธ์ ์˜ ์กฐ์ ˆ๊ณผ์ •์— ์˜ํ•œ DNA์˜ ๋ณต๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, G2/M ํ™•์ธ์ ์˜ ์กฐ์ ˆ๊ณผ์ •์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ATR/Chk1 ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ DNA ๋ณต๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ BRCA ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ณ€์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ”ผ์„ฑ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•”์—์„œ PARP ์–ต์ œ์ œ์™€ Chk1 ์–ต์ œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋†’์€ ํ•ญ์•”ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” BRCA ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ณ€์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ”ผ์„ฑ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•” ์„ธํฌ์ฃผ์—์„œ PARP ์–ต์ œ์ œ์ธ rucaparib๊ณผ Chk1 ์–ต์ œ์ œ์ธ prexasertib (LY2606368)์„ ๋‹จ๋… ํ˜น์€ ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ญ์•”ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, Chk1 ์–ต์ œ์ œ๊ฐ€ BRCA ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ณ€์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ”ผ์„ฑ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•” ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, Chk1 ์–ต์ œ์ œ๊ฐ€ BRCA ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ณ€์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ”ผ์„ฑ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•” ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ G2/M ํ™•์ธ์ ์˜ ์กฐ์ ˆ๊ณผ์ •์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, Chk1 ์–ต์ œ์ œ์™€ PARP ์–ต์ œ์ œ์˜ ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ BRCA ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ณ€์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ”ผ์„ฑ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•” ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ƒ์Šนํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, rucaparib๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ prexasertib์ด ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์„ธํฌ๋…์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, rucaparib๊ณผ prexasertib ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋‹จ๋…ํˆฌ์—ฌ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ธํฌ๋…์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, rucaparib๊ณผ prexasertib์„ ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ rucaparib์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” G2/M ์„ธํฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์ •์ง€ ์„ธํฌ์—์„œ๋„ prexasertib์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ Chk1์ด ์–ต์ œ๋จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์„ธํฌ๋…์„ฑ์ด ์œ ๋„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, BRCA ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ณ€์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ”ผ์„ฑ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•”์—์„œ Rad51์˜ ๊ณผ๋ฐœํ˜„์€ rucaparib์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ „ ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ๋ฐ, prexasertib์ด Rad51 ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ rucaparib์˜ ์„ธํฌ๋…์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. rucaparib๊ณผ prexasertib ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋‹จ๋…ํˆฌ์—ฌ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ธํฌ๋…์„ฑ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ „์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, rucaparib์„ ๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” G2/M ํ™•์ธ์ ์ด Chk1 ์–ต์ œ์ œ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋‚œ์†Œ์•” ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌ๋ถ„์—ด ํŒŒ๊ตญ์ด ์œ ๋„๋œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, Chk1์€ Rad51์„ ๋ฐœํ˜„์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  Rad51๊ณผ BRCA2์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผœ์„œ ์ƒ๋™ ์žฌ์กฐํ•ฉ์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, Chk1์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋ฉด Rad51์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„๊ณผ BRCA2์™€์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๋™ ์žฌ์กฐํ•ฉ์ด ์–ต์ œ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ, Chk1 ์–ต์ œ์ œ์™€ PARP ์–ต์ œ์ œ์˜ ๋ณ‘ํ•ฉํˆฌ์—ฌ๋ฅผ BRCA ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ณ€์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ”ผ์„ฑ ๋‚œ์†Œ์•”์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํšจ๊ณผ์  ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „๋žต์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•”์ข…์—์„œ๋„ PARP ์–ต์ œ์ œ์˜ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ ๊ธฐ์ „์„ Rad 51์˜ ๊ณผ๋ฐœํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, Chk1 ์–ต์ œ์ œ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ Rad51์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ PARP ์–ต์ œ์ œ์˜ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.This study aimed to evaluate anticancer effects of combination treatment with poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) and checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) inhibitors in BRCA-wild type ovarian cancer. PARP inhibitors can function as DNA-damaging agents in BRCA wild-type cancer, even if clinical activity is limited. Most epithelial ovarian cancers are characterized by a TP53 mutation causing dysfunction at the G1/S checkpoint, which makes tumor cells highly dependent on Chk1-mediated G/M phase cell-cycle arrest for DNA repair. We investigated the anticancer effects of combination treatment with prexasertib (LY2606368), a selective ATP competitive small molecule inhibitor of Chk1 and Chk2, and rucaparib, a PARP inhibitor, in BRCA wild-type ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCAR3 and SKOV3). We found that combined treatment significantly decreased cell viability in all cell lines and induced greater DNA damage and apoptosis than in the control and/or using monotherapies. Moreover, we found that prexasertib significantly inhibited homologous recombinationโ€“mediated DNA repair and thus showed a marked anticancer effect in combination treatment with rucaparib. The anticancer mechanism of prexasertib and rucaparib was considered to be caused by an impaired G2/M checkpoint due to prexasertib treatment, which forced mitotic catastrophe in the presence of rucaparib. Our results suggest a novel effective therapeutic strategy for BRCA wild-type epithelial ovarian cancer using a combination of Chk1 and PARP inhibitors.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 Chapter 2. Body 3 Chapter 3. Conclusion 27 Bibliography 28 Abstract in Korean 31๋ฐ•

    ๊ฒฝ์ถ” ์ธก๋ฉด X์„  ์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ฐ‘์ƒ์„  ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ํ™˜์ž์—์„œ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ํ›„๋‘๊ฒฝ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋”ฅ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ ๋ชจ๋ธ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์˜๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ, 2022. 8. ์ •์ฒ ์šฐ.์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ํ›„๋‘๊ฒฝ์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋„๊ด€๋ จ ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์ฆ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ›„ํ–ฅ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ๊ฐ‘์ƒ์„  ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ด 14,135๋ช… ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ถ” ์ธก๋ฉด X์„ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ํ›„๋‘๊ฒฝ (Cormack-Lehane ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ 3-4)๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๋”ฅ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ 6๊ฐœ์˜ ๋”ฅ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ํ›„๋‘๊ฒฝ ์˜ˆ์ธก์˜ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋„๋Š” 95.6%, ํŠน์ด๋„ 91.2%๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. Area Under ROC curve์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ 0.972(0.955~0.988), ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ VGG-Net: 0.842, ResNet: 0.841, Xception: 0.863, ResNext: 0.825, DenseNet: 0.889, SENet: 0.875๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋ ค์šด ํ›„๋‘๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ•ด๋ถ€ํ•™์  ํŠน์ง•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํด๋ž˜์Šค ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋งต(Class Activation Map)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํด๋ž˜์Šค ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋งต์—์„œ ์„ค๊ณจ, ์ธ๋‘ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฝ์ถ” ์ฃผ๋ณ€์ด ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๋”ฅ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ถ” ์ธก๋ฉด X์„  ์˜์ƒ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ํ›„๋‘๊ฒฝ ์˜ˆ์ธก์— ๋†’์€ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.An unanticipated difficult laryngoscopy is associated with serious airway-related complications. We here developed and validated a deep learning-based model that predicts a difficult laryngoscopy (Cormackโ€“Lehane grade 3โ€“4) from a cervical spine lateral X-ray using data from 14,135 patients undergoing thyroid surgery. The performance of our model was compared with six representative deep learning architectures. A class activation map was created to elucidate the anatomical features associated with difficult laryngoscopy. Our model showed 95.6% sensitivity and 91.2% specificity for predicting difficult laryngoscopy. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of our model was 0.972 (0.955โ€’0.988), which was higher than that of other models (VGG-Net: 0.842, ResNet: 0.841, Xception: 0.863, ResNext: 0.825, DenseNet: 0.889, and SENet: 0.875, all P < 0.001). The class activation map demonstrated clear differences around the hyoid bone, pharynx, and cervical spine. The model showed excellent performance for predicting difficult laryngoscopy using a cervical spine lateral X-ray image.1. Introduction 1 2. Materials and Methods 2 2.1 Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria 2 2.2 Anesthesia Management 2 2.3 Data Collection and Preprocessing 2 2.4 Model Building 3 2.5 Model Validation 4 2.6 Sensitivity Analysis 4 2.7 Statistical Analysis 4 3. Results 6 3.1 Dataset Construction 6 3.2 Performance of the Models 6 3.3 Sensitivity Analysis 6 4. Discussion 8 5. Conclusions 11 References 23 Abstract 26 Tables 12 [Table 1] 12 [Table 2] 13 [Table 3] 14 Figures 15 [Figure 1] 15 [Figure 2] 16 [Figure 3] 17 [Figure 4] 18 [Figure 5] 19 Supplementary Materials 20 [Supplementary Materials] 20์„

    Persistent large cash holdings and operating performance

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ฒฝ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ,2011.2. ์กฐ์žฌํ˜ธ.Maste
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