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    무선 쀑계 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬μ—μ„œ μ‹ ν˜ΈλŒ€μž‘μŒλΉ„μ˜ λˆ„μ λΆ„ν¬ν•¨μˆ˜ 기반 쀑계기 선택 κΈ°λ²•μ˜ μ„±λŠ₯ 뢄석

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (박사)-- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : 전기·컴퓨터곡학뢀, 2015. 8. μ΄μž¬ν™.무선 쀑계 κΈ°μˆ μ€ μ°¨μ„ΈλŒ€ 무선톡신 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ—μ„œ μš”κ΅¬λ˜λŠ” 높은 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€ ν’ˆμ§ˆ 및 데이터 전솑λ₯  달성을 μœ„ν•΄ 고렀되고 μžˆλŠ” λŒ€ν‘œμ μΈ 기술 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ΄λ‹€. 무선 쀑계 기술이 κ°–κ³  μžˆλŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μž₯점으둜 인해 ν˜„μž¬κΉŒμ§€ IEEE 802.16j 및 3GPP LTE-Advanced λ“±μ˜ 무선톡신 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ ν‘œμ€€μ— λ°˜μ˜λ˜κΈ°λ„ ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ‹€μ§ˆμ μœΌλ‘œ 두 λ…Έλ“œ 사이 μ±„λ„μ˜ 톡계적 νŠΉμ„±μ€ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜μ— 따라 달라지기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 각 μ±„λ„λ“€μ˜ 톡계적 νŠΉμ„±μ€ μ„œλ‘œ λ™μΌν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€. 각 μ±„λ„λ“€μ˜ 톡계적 νŠΉμ„±μ΄ λ™μΌν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ λ•Œ, 무선 쀑계 κΈ°μˆ μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μœ μš©ν•œ 기법 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μΈ 쀑계기 선택 기법은 νŠΉμ • 쀑계기듀이 더 자주 μ„ νƒλ˜λŠ” λ“±μ˜ 곡정성 문제λ₯Ό μœ λ°œμ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆλ‹€. 특히, 이 λ¬Έμ œλŠ” μ œν•œλœ 배터리λ₯Ό 가진 μ€‘κ³„κΈ°λ“€λ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±λœ λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬μ—μ„œ λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬μ˜ 수λͺ…을 μ€„μ΄κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” μš”μΈμ΄ 될 수 μžˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬μ—μ„œλŠ” μ‚¬μš©μžλ“€μ˜ 톡신 신뒰도 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ, μ€‘κ³„κΈ°μ—μ„œμ˜ 선택 곡정성도 ν•¨κ»˜ κ³ λ €ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έ λ…Όλ¬Έμ—μ„œλŠ” 무선 쀑계 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬μ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©μžλ“€μ˜ 톡신 신뒰도와 쀑계기 κ°„μ˜ 선택 곡정성을 ν•¨κ»˜ κ³ λ €ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μˆ˜μ‹  μ‹ ν˜ΈλŒ€μž‘μŒλΉ„μ˜ λˆ„μ λΆ„ν¬ν•¨μˆ˜λ₯Ό 기반으둜 ν•˜λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 쀑계기 선택 기법을 μ œμ•ˆν•œλ‹€. μ£Όμš”ν•œ 연ꡬ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€. λ¨Όμ €, λ‚˜μΉ΄κ°€λ―Έ-m νŽ˜μ΄λ”© 채널 ν™˜κ²½μ„ 가진 일방ν–₯ 쀑계 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ ν”„λ‘œμ•‘ν‹°λΈŒ(proactive) 및 λ¦¬μ•‘ν‹°λΈŒ(reactive) λ°©μ‹μ˜ μˆ˜μ‹  μ‹ ν˜ΈλŒ€μž‘μŒλΉ„ λˆ„μ λΆ„ν¬ν•¨μˆ˜ 기반 쀑계기 선택 기법을 μ œμ•ˆν•œλ‹€. 각각의 쀑계기 선택 기법을 μœ„ν•΄ 쀑계기 선택 ν™•λ₯ μ„ μœ λ„ν•˜μ—¬ μ œμ•ˆλœ 각 쀑계기 선택 κΈ°λ²•λ“€μ˜ 평균 쀑계기 곡정성을 λΆ„μ„ν•œλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ 각 선택 기법에 λŒ€ν•œ 뢈λŠ₯ ν™•λ₯ μ„ μˆ˜μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μœ λ„ν•˜κ³ , μœ λ„ν•œ 뢈λŠ₯ ν™•λ₯ μ„ 점근적 ν‘œν˜„μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄μ–΄ 각 기법듀이 얻을 수 μžˆλŠ” λ‹€μ΄λ²„μ‹œν‹° 차수λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•œλ‹€. λͺ¨μ˜μ‹€ν—˜μ„ 톡해 얻어진 평균 쀑계기 곡정성과 뢈λŠ₯ ν™•λ₯ μ΄ μœ λ„ν•œ 평균 쀑계기 곡정성 및 뢈λŠ₯ ν™•λ₯  κ°’κ³Ό μΌμΉ˜ν•¨μ„ ν™•μΈν•œλ‹€. 그리고 μ œμ•ˆλœ 기법이 쀑계기듀 사이에 곡정성을 μ™„λ²½ν•˜κ²Œ 보μž₯ν•˜κ³  λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ 수λͺ…을 μ¦κ°€μ‹œν‚€λ©°, λ‹€μ΄λ²„μ‹œν‹° μ°¨μˆ˜κ°€ μ€‘κ³„κΈ°μ˜ μˆ˜μ™€ νŽ˜μ΄λ”© νŒŒλΌλ―Έν„° m 값에 따라 달라짐을 ν™•μΈν•œλ‹€. λ‘˜μ§Έ, λ‚˜μΉ΄κ°€λ―Έ-m νŽ˜μ΄λ”© 채널 ν™˜κ²½μ„ 가진 μ–‘λ°©ν–₯ 쀑계 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ ν”„λ‘œμ•‘ν‹°λΈŒ 및 λ¦¬μ•‘ν‹°λΈŒ λ°©μ‹μ˜ μˆ˜μ‹  μ‹ ν˜ΈλŒ€μž‘μŒλΉ„ λˆ„μ λΆ„ν¬ν•¨μˆ˜ 기반 쀑계기 선택 기법을 μ œμ•ˆν•œλ‹€. μ œμ•ˆλœ ν”„λ‘œμ•‘ν‹°λΈŒ λ°©μ‹μ˜ 쀑계기 선택 기법에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ •ν™•ν•œ 쀑계기 선택 ν™•λ₯ μ˜ μœ λ„λ₯Ό 톡해 평균 쀑계기 곡정성을 λΆ„μ„ν•œλ‹€. μ œμ•ˆλœ λ¦¬μ•‘ν‹°λΈŒ λ°©μ‹μ˜ 쀑계기 선택 기법에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 쀑계기 선택 ν™•λ₯ μ˜ 적뢄 및 근사 ν‘œν˜„μ„ μœ λ„ν•˜μ—¬ 평균 쀑계기 곡정성을 λΆ„μ„ν•œλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ 각 선택 기법에 λŒ€ν•œ 뢈λŠ₯ ν™•λ₯ μ„ μˆ˜μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μœ λ„ν•˜κ³ , μœ λ„ν•œ 뢈λŠ₯ ν™•λ₯ μ„ 점근적 ν‘œν˜„μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄μ–΄ 각 기법듀이 얻을 수 μžˆλŠ” λ‹€μ΄λ²„μ‹œν‹° 차수λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•œλ‹€. λͺ¨μ˜μ‹€ν—˜μ„ 톡해 얻어진 평균 쀑계기 곡정성과 뢈λŠ₯ ν™•λ₯ μ΄ μœ λ„ν•œ 평균 쀑계기 곡정성 및 뢈λŠ₯ ν™•λ₯  κ°’κ³Ό μΌμΉ˜ν•¨μ„ ν™•μΈν•œλ‹€. 그리고 μ œμ•ˆλœ 기법이 쀑계기듀 사이에 곡정성을 μ™„λ²½ν•˜κ²Œ 보μž₯ν•˜κ³  λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ 수λͺ…을 μ¦κ°€μ‹œν‚€λ©°, λ‹€μ΄λ²„μ‹œν‹° μ°¨μˆ˜κ°€ μ€‘κ³„κΈ°μ˜ μˆ˜μ™€ νŽ˜μ΄λ”© νŒŒλΌλ―Έν„° m 값에 따라 달라짐을 ν™•μΈν•œλ‹€.Wireless relay technology is one of the most promising technologies for the future communication systems which provide coverage extension and better quality of service (QoS) such as higher data rate and lower outage probability with few excessive network loads. Due to its advantages, it has been adopted in wireless standards such as IEEE 802.16j and 3GPP LTE-Advanced. In practice, since statistics of the channel between any two nodes vary depending on their locations, they are not identical which means that channels can experience different fading. When statistics of the channel are not identical, relay selection, which is one of the most useful techniques for wireless relay technology, can cause fairness problem that particular relays are selected more frequently than other relays. Especially, this problem can cause reduction of lifetime in the network with multiple relays having limited battery power. In this network, it is needed to focus on selection fairness for relays as well as reliability at end-users. In this dissertation, to focus on both selection fairness for relays and reliability at end-users, we propose novel relay selection schemes based on cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) of signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) in wireless relay networks. The dissertation consists of two main results. First, we propose the proactive and the reactive relay selection schemes based on CDFs of SNRs for one-way relay networks over Nakagami-m fading channels. If a relay is selected before the source transmission, it is called as proactive relay selection. Otherwise, if a relay is selected after the source transmission, it is called as reactive relay selection. For both the proactive and the reactive relay selection schemes, we analyze average relay fairness by deriving relay selection probability. For the proactive relay selection scheme, we obtain diversity order by deriving the integral and asymptotic expressions for outage probability. Also, for the reactive relay selection scheme, we obtain diversity order by deriving the exact closed-form and asymptotic expressions for outage probability. Numerical results show that the analytical results of the proposed schemes match the simulation results well. It is shown that the proposed schemes guarantee strict fairness among relays and extend network lifetime. Also, it is shown that diversity order depends on the number of relays and fading severity parameters. Second, we propose the proactive and the reactive relay selection schemes based on CDFs of SNRs for two-way relay networks over Nakagami-m fading channels. For the proactive relay selection scheme, we analyze average relay fairness by deriving relay selection probability. Also, we analyze diversity order by deriving the integral and asymptotic expressions for outage probability. For the reactive relay selection scheme, we analyze average relay fairness by deriving the integral and asymptotic expressions for relay selection probability. Also, we obtain diversity order by deriving the asymptotic expression for outage probability. Numerical results show that the analytical results of the proposed schemes match the simulation results well. It is shown that the proposed schemes guarantee strict fairness among relays and extend network lifetime. Also, it is shown that diversity order depends on the number of relays and fading severity parameters.Contents Abstract i 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background and Related Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.1.1 Diversity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.1.2 Wireless Relay Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2 Outline of Dissertation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.3 Notations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2 Relay Selection Based on CDFs of SNRs for One-Way Relay Networks 14 2.1 System Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.1.1 Proactive CDF-Based Relay Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.1.2 Reactive CDF-Based Relay Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.2 Performance Analysis of Proactive CDF-Based Relay Selection . . . . 22 2.2.1 Average Relay Fairness Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.2.2 Outage Probability Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.3 Performance Analysis of Reactive CDF-Based Relay Selection . . . . 34 2.3.1 Average Relay Fairness Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 2.3.2 Outage Probability Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 2.4 Numerical Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 2.4.1 Average Relay Fairness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 2.4.2 Network Lifetime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 2.4.3 Outage Probability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 2.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 3 Relay Selection Based on CDFs of SNRs for Two-Way Relay Networks 66 3.1 System Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 3.1.1 Proactive CDF-based Relay Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 3.1.2 Reactive CDF-based Relay Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 3.2 Performance Analysis of Proactive CDF-Based Relay Selection . . . . 73 3.2.1 Average Relay Fairness Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 3.2.2 Outage Probability Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 3.3 Performance Analysis of Reactive CDF-Based Relay Selection . . . . 82 3.3.1 Average Relay Fairness Anlaysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 3.3.2 Outage Probability Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 3.4 Numerical Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 3.4.1 Average Relay Fairness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 3.4.2 Network Lifetime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 3.4.3 Outage Probability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 3.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 4 Conclusion 116 4.1 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 4.2 Possible Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 4.2.1 Device-to-Device (D2D) Communications . . . . . . . . . . . 118 4.2.2 Low Power Body Sensor Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 4.3 Future Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Bibliography 122 Korean Abstract 139Docto
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