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    ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ฃผํ–‰๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฆ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์—ด๊ด€๋ฆฌ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€(๋ฉ€ํ‹ฐ์Šค์ผ€์ผ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์„ค๊ณ„์ „๊ณต), 2020. 8. ๊น€๋ฏผ์ˆ˜.์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜1ํšŒ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ฃผํ–‰๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํƒ‘์žฌ๋œ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฆฌํŠฌ-์ด์˜จ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‹จ์œ„ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋‹น ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฐ€๋„์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ „๊ธฐ์Šน์šฉ์ฐจ์˜ 1ํšŒ ์ถฉ์ „ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ฃผํ–‰๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•ฝ 350~400 km๋ฅผ ์ƒํšŒํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ฃผํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™ธ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋„์— ์˜ํ•ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€๋™๋˜๋ฉฐ ์šด์ „์ž๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ๋ณด๊ธ‰ ํ™•๋Œ€์— ํฐ ๊ฑธ๋ฆผ๋Œ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์™ธ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฃผํ–‰๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์›์ธ์€ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์‹ค๋‚ด ์—ด๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ƒ‰๋‚œ๋ฐฉ ๊ณต์กฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํด ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘์ด ์™ธ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํฐ ํญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์Šน์šฉ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ์ „๋™ ํŒŒ์›ŒํŠธ๋ ˆ์ธ๊ณผ ๊ณต์กฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ด ์  ์—ฐ๊ณ„์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์‹œ์ผœ ์™ธ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ณต์กฐ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์†Œ๋ชจ ๋™๋ ฅ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ ์€ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์—ด๊ด€๋ฆฌ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์—ด๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ์ฃผํ–‰๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์—ฐ์žฅ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €, ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ์ „๋™ ํŒŒ์›ŒํŠธ๋ ˆ์ธ (๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ,๋ชจํ„ฐ,์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ)์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐœ์—ด๋Ÿ‰ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ, ๋ชจํ„ฐ, ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์™€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ฐ์†์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™˜๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™˜๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ „๊ธฐ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ์ „์••๊ณผ ์ „๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜๋˜๋ฉฐ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์—ญ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ €์žฅ๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐœ์—ด๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์—๋„ˆ์ง€์™€ ์ „๊ธฐ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ณ€ํ™˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ตํ•ฉ ๋™๋ ฅ์ „๋‹ฌ๋ชจ๋ธ ๋ฐ ์—ด์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†์‹ค ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ค์™ธ ์˜จ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์‹ค๋‚ด์—์„œ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณต์กฐ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ด ์พŒ์ ์„ฑ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์‹ค๋‚ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์™ธ๋ถ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์œ ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๋ณต์‚ฌ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ๋‚ด์žฅ์žฌ์˜ ๋น„์—ด๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ˜„์‹ค์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ณต์กฐ ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ, ์ธ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ, ๋ชจํ„ฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐœ์—ด๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๊ณต์กฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์Šน์šฉ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์—ด๊ด€๋ฆฌ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ค๊ณ„๋œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ํšจ์œจ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹คํ—˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ•ดํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ๋Š” ์•ฝ 12%, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ƒ‰๋ฐฉ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ๋Š” ์•ฝ 5% ์˜ ์†Œ๋ชจ๋™๋ ฅ ์ €๊ฐ์œจ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์†Œ๋ชจ๋™๋ ฅ ์ €๊ฐ์œจ์ด ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ์ฃผํ–‰๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ฃผํ–‰๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์™ธ๊ธฐ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฃผํ–‰๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฆ๋Œ€ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์•ฝ 10%์˜ ์ฃผํ–‰๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฆ๋Œ€ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์—ด๊ด€๋ฆฌ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ์— ์ ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์™ธ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฃผํ–‰๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ณ€ํ™”์œจ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์ „๊ธฐ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ณด๊ธ‰์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค.The mileage of a single charge of an electric vehicle is determined by the capacity of the mounted battery. However, due to the limitation of energy density per unit weight of lithium-ion batteries that have been applied recently, the maximum mileage of an electric passenger car is less than about 500 km. However, this mileage is greatly changed by the outside temperature, causing the driver anxiety, which is known as a major obstacle to the expansion of electric vehicles. The main cause of the change in the driving distance according to the outside temperature is that the air conditioning load used for indoor heat management of the vehicle is large and also varies according to the outside temperature. In this study, we proposed an integrated heat management system with a low rate of change in power consumption of the air conditioning system according to the outside temperature, and quantitatively analyzed the effect of these systems on the mileage extension of electric vehicles. First, a method for predicting the amount of heat generated from a battery, a motor, and an inverter of an electric vehicle was presented based on simulation. The battery, the motor, and the inverter each continuously store and convert electrical energy. In this process, electrical energy moves in the form of voltage and current. In this study, an integrated power transmission model for real-time conversion of mechanical and electrical energy was developed to quantitatively measure the amount of heat generated by each component. In order to quantitatively calculate the air conditioning load required in the interior of the vehicle according to the outdoor temperature, a vehicle interior model based on thermal comfort was developed. In the developed model, it is possible to predict a more realistic air conditioning load by considering not only radiant energy introduced from the outside of the vehicle, but also specific heat of the vehicle interior material. We designed an integrated heat management system that can be applied based on the amount of heat generated from the battery, inverter, and motor and the air conditioning load. Experimental studies were conducted to verify the performance and efficiency of the designed system, and as a result, a reduction in power consumption of about 12% under heating conditions and about 5% under cooling conditions was confirmed. An electric vehicle mileage prediction model was developed to confirm the impact of such reduction in power consumption on the mileage of an electric vehicle. As a result of confirming the effect of increasing the mileage for various outdoor conditions, an effect of increasing the mileage of about 10% is expected. If the integrated heat management system proposed in this study is applied to electric vehicles, it is expected that the mileage change rate according to the outside temperature can be reduced and further contribute to the supply of electric vehicles.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Background of the study 1 1.2 Literature survey 8 1.2.1 Electric powertrain thermal management stystem 8 1.2.2 Cabin thermal management system 12 1.2.3 Integrated thermal management system 12 1.3 Objectives and scopes 16 Chapter 2. Electric vehicle thermal load analysis 19 2.1 Introduction 19 2.2 Design a light-duty battery electric vehicle 20 2.2.1 Design an energy storage system 23 2.2.2 Design an electric machine 30 2.2.3 Design a cabin 35 2.3 Electric powertrain thermal load 35 2.3.1 Numerical model description 35 2.3.2 Vehicle dynamics 36 2.3.3 Power electronics and electric machine model 38 2.3.3.1 Electric machine thermal model 38 2.3.3.2 Power electronics thermal model 52 2.3.4 Lithium-ion batterty thermal model 59 2.3.5 Regenerative braking system model 61 2.3.6 Integrated power transfer and loss model 64 2.4 Cabin model thermal load 67 2.4.1 Numerical model description 67 2.5 Results and discussion 75 2.5.1 Electric powertrain thermal load anlysis 75 2.5.2 Cabin thermal load analysis 81 2.5.3 Thermal load imbalance in a light duty electric vehicle 91 Chapter 3. Design and performance analysis of the integrated electric vehicle thermal management system 97 3.1 Introduction 97 3.2 System description 100 3.2.1 Baseline thermal management system 100 3.2.2 A new integrated electric vehicle thermal management system 103 3.3 Numerical analysis of HVAC system 108 3.3.1 Heat exchangers 108 3.3.2 Compressor 113 3.3.3 Expansion device 114 3.3.4 Cycle modeling and simulation condition 116 3.3.5 Heating and cooling capacity prediction 118 3.3.6 Heating and cooling capacity prediction 118 3.4 Experimental study for integrated electric vhicle thermal management system 121 3.4.1 Experimental set up 121 3.4.2 Data reduction and uncertainty analysis 132 3.4.3 Baseline heat pump system 134 3.4.4 A new intergrated electric vehicle thermal management system 141 3.5 Results and discussion 144 3.6 Summary 146 Chapter 4. The effect of the IEVTMS on range extension 149 4.1 Introduction 149 4.2 The effect of IEVTMS for range extension 152 4.3 Range extension opportunities for various ambient temperature 156 4.4 Summary 158 Chapter 5. Concluding remarks 159 Abstract (in Korean) 176Docto

    ์กฐํ–ฅ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๋กœํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฐธ๋ธŒ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์บ๋น„ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ•ด์„

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2011.2. ์œ ์ •๋ ฌ.Maste
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